Nkhondo ya Stalingrad ndi Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Stalingrad"

Mu mbiri ya nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, nkhondo sichingapezeke kuti adzakhala zofunika kwambiri kapena aakulu kuposa nkhondo ya Stalingrad, kenako asilikali Union anayamba kuukira pafupifupi buku lonse kutsogolo mzere, ndipo anayamba Berlin. Kuchita yowala ili ndi nthawi imodzi zomvetsa chisoni chochitika ankhondo sanathe mphoto. "Pakuti Kuteteza Stalingrad" Choncho anayambitsa Mendulo.

nkhondo ya Stalingrad

Zikho amaitcha kuti asilikali Soviet amene anatenga gawo mu chitetezo cha mzindawo a Stalingrad mu 1942-1943 ndipo anasonyeza indomitable mphamvu ndi kulimba mtima kumenyana ndi mdani. M'chaka cha 1942, gulu lalikulu la asilikali Nazi anapita kumzinda. About 2800 Apolisi zikwi. Ndi privates, 3.5 zikwi. Mortars, oposa 1 zikwi. Ndege anayamba kukathyola Stalingrad. German makamu wotsutsana 150 zikwi. Soviet asilikali amene anali ndi mfuti akasinja 400, 2,000 mfuti mortars, 730 ndege.

Kumanja gawo la Nkhondo ya Stalingrad (July - November 1942) anali kumbuyo kuposa zolawula. Asilikali Soviet logwira alimbane wa kuposa chiwerengero cha asilikali German alimba mtima kukwaniritsa malangizo a July 28, "Osati sitepe imodzi kumbuyo!" 1942 Ndipo ndithu, asilikali Soviet paliponse mita wa dziko lakwawo. Pa chitetezo wamagazi ndi msewu kumenyana ndi dziko la Germany anataya anapha ndiwobvulazidwa oposa 600 zikwi. Man, ambiri akasinja ndi ndege anali kuwonongedwa. M'tsogolo, imfa ya asilikali a Hitler kunandithandiza. The Germany Adamu Stalingrad Ndipotu kotala cha anthu, amene anamenya lonse Soviet-German kutsogolo (za 1.6 miliyoni). Ndi chiyambi cha February 1943 grouping lopondereza pa Stalingrad anali wotopa kwathunthu ndipo pafupifupi kuwonongedwa.

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Stalingrad"

Malawi a nkhondo akadali mitundu yosina siyana mu mzinda pa Volga, ndi utsogoleri pamwamba pa dziko kale kuganizira awarding otchuka. Choncho, chigamulo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Stalingrad" anavomerezedwa mu December 1942. chokongoletsera linakonzedwa ndi wojambula mphoto Ni Moskalev. Anakonza mphoto ya Mendulo, anthu wamba asilikali komanso osati, kuti ophunzira onse mwachindunji chitetezo cha Stalingrad anali kudziŵika. Makamaka anthu wamba oposa 15,000 mu mzinda kukathandiza asilikali anthu, alimba mtima kuteteza dziko kwawo.

Ponena za nkhondo: Zikho amaitcha kuti alonda ndi asilikali wamba wamba. The Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Stalingrad" alibe zokometsera amunamuna panyanja ndi pamtunda mphamvu, ndi mphoto nkhani ku mitundu yonse ya asilikali.

Kupanga mendulo

Poyamba anakonza kubala mphoto ya zosapanga dzimbiri, koma Supreme Soviet lamulo la March 30, 1943 wovomerezeka monga chuma ndi kunyamula Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Stalingrad" mkuwa. Kumbali n'zosiyana mphoto wakhala ntchito nambala siriyo, umene unali wofanana ndi chizindikiritso nambala ya mphoto aulemu.

mafotokozedwe

Monga tanenera kale, mphotho chinali mkuwa mawonekedwe a yaing'ono bwalo, amene m'mimba mwake 32 mm. The obverse a ndalamayo zinasonyeza detachment ozimitsa ndi mikono, ndi maziko a mbendera wofiira kumanzere kwa iwo kuona maphunziro a ndege zokwawa akasinja. Mu kumtunda kwa Mendulo ndi zisanu zisonga nyenyezi, pamwamba pa zomwe mawu akuti "chitetezo Stalingrad" ntchito. Pa n'zosiyana wa mphoto zikusonyeza nyundo ndi chikwakwa ndi mawu akuti "Pakuti Mama athu Soviet".

Maziko akukonzekera ndalama ndi chipika pentagonal. Zikho Ufumuyo thereto ndi Onyamula Zazitali Ayi ndi mphete yaing'ono. Letsani yokha ali ndi moire riboni wa maolivi wobiriwira, likulu la chomwe ndi oblong wofiira lamizeremizere. M'lifupi Mzere ndi wofanana 2 mm, ndi tepi palokha - 24 mm.

Linapereka kwa chitetezo cha Stalingrad

Zimphona amene anatsogolera Stalingrad ku Nazi anali kwambiri osati mphoto, koma sikunali kotheka kuwerenga zonse. Kuti mudziwe ambiri, anthu 760 zikwi alandira Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Stalingrad". Wapamwamba olandira mu afabeti, kapena ngakhale ena dongosolo, si ayenera kuti wasenza. Koma n'zotheka kuona malamulo pa awarding. Ndi zotheka, kudziwa dzina ndi dzina la Great kukonda dziko lako nkhondo ophunzira, kuphunzira zimene wakhala kupereka chizindikiro cha kusiyana lamulo. Malinga awa olemba mbiri deta ndi kuphunzira zambiri za awardees chokaniora Stalingrad.

Amadziwika kuti Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Stalingrad" oyambirira kulandira: mkulu wa asilikali 64th MS Shumilov, wapampando wa Bungwe la Stalingrad DM Pigalov, wapampando wa komiti ya Executive wa Stalingrad I. F. Zimenko, mlembi wa chipani I. I. Bondar ndi City . Mu chikondwerero cha chikumbutso cha 20 cha chigonjetso chachikulu, Stalingrad anali kupereka mutu Hero-City ndi kupereka kwa Mendulo "Gold Star".

Nkhondo ya Stalingrad anakhala mbiri ya Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World chitsanzo wapadera wa mtima ndi ungwazi, pankhaniyi, ndipo analengedwa ndi Mendulo "Pakuti Kuteteza Stalingrad".