Zowoneka komanso zosangalatsa m'magazini ya Gogol "The Nose." Nikolai Gogol, "The Nose": kufufuza nkhani, tanthauzo lalikulu

Nkhani yakuti "The Nose" ndi imodzi mwa ntchito zovuta kwambiri, zoyambirira, zosangalatsa ndi zosayembekezeka za Nikolai Gogol. Wolemba kwa nthawi yaitali sanavomereze kufalitsa kwa nthabwala iyi, koma abwenzi ake adamunyengerera. Nkhaniyi inalembedwa koyamba mu nyuzipepala yotchedwa Sovremennik, mu 1836, ndi cholemba cha A.S. Pushkin. Kuchokera nthawi imeneyo, zokambirana zosangalatsa sizinaleke pozungulira ntchitoyi. Zochitika zenizeni ndi zosangalatsa mu buku la Gogol "The Nose" likuphatikizidwa mu mitundu yovuta kwambiri ndi yachilendo. Apa mlembiyo adafika pachimake pachithunzi chake chojambula ndijambula chithunzi choona cha nthawi yake.

Zosangalatsa kwambiri

Ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zipangizo zodziwika kwambiri za NV. Gogol. Koma ngati ntchito zoyambirira izo zinagwiritsidwa ntchito kulenga mu nkhaniyi mlengalenga wa chinsinsi ndi chinsinsi, ndiye m'kupita kwanthaŵi idasandulika njira yowonetsera zowona. Nkhani "Mphuno" ndi chitsimikizo chowonekera cha izi. Kuwonongeka kwa mphuno zosazizwitsa ndi zachilendo kuchokera ku physiognomy ya Major Kovalev ndi kusadziwika kwake kosiyana ndi mbuye wake kumasonyeza kuti dongosololi silochilendo, momwe chikhalidwe chapamwamba pamatchalitchi chimatanthauza zambiri kuposa munthu mwiniwake. Muzochitika izi, chinthu chilichonse chosapangachi chimatha kupeza mwadzidzidzi kulemera ndi kulemera ngati icho chikupeza udindo woyenera. Iyi ndi nkhani yaikulu ya nkhani "Nose".

Makhalidwe a zovuta zowona

Kumapeto kwa ntchito za N.V. Gogol imayang'aniridwa ndi zovuta zenizeni. Cholinga chake ndicho kuwululira zachilendo komanso zosadziwika. Zinthu zodabwitsa zimachitika kwa ankhondo a ntchitoyi, koma zimathandiza kuwulula zinthu zomwe zimachitika padziko lonse lapansi, kuwululira kudalira kwa anthu pamisonkhano yachigawo ndi miyambo.

Olemba Gogol sanadziwe mwamsanga luso lachidule la wolemba. Only V.G. Belinsky, yemwe adachita zambiri kuti amvetse bwino za chikhulupiliro cha Nikolai Vasilyevich, kamodzi adanena kuti mu "ntchito yoipa" yomwe amagwiritsa ntchito kuntchito yake, pali "phompho la ndakatulo" ndi "phompho lafilosofi", loyenerera "shashi la Shakespeare" mozama komanso moona mtima.

Chidule cha nkhaniyo

"Nose" imayamba ndi mfundo yakuti pa March 25 ku St. Petersburg chinachitika "chinthu chodabwitsa kwambiri." Ivan Yakovlevich, wophika, m'mawa amapeza mphuno mu mkate wophika kumene. Iye amachigwetsera icho kuchokera ku St. Isaac Bridge ku mtsinje. Mwini mphuno, wofufuza, kapena wamkulu, Kovalev, akudzuka m'mawa, sapeza nkhope yake mbali yofunika kwambiri ya thupi. Pofunafuna imfa, amapita kwa apolisi. Ali panjira akukumana ndi mphuno zake pazovala za komiti ya boma. Pofunafuna wothawirako, Kovalev amamutsata ku Katolika. Akuyesa kubweza mphuno zake, koma amangopemphera ndi "changu chachikulu" ndipo amauza mbuyeyo kuti palibe chofanana pakati pawo: Kovalev akugwira ntchito ina.

Osokonezeka ndi dona wokongola, wamkuluyo amataya mbali yopanduka ya thupi kuchokera kuwona. Pambuyo poyesetsa kuyesa kupeza mphuno, mbuyeyo amabwerera kwawo. Kumeneko amabwezera kwa iye. Mkulu wa apolisi adagwira mphuno pamene adayesera kuthawira ku mapepala a anthu ena ku Riga. Chimwemwe cha Kovalev sichitha nthawi yaitali. Sangathe kuyika gawo la thupi pamalo ake oyambirira. Chidule cha nkhaniyi "The Nose" satha ndi izi. Kodi msilikaliyo adatha bwanji kuchoka pa izi? Dokotala sangathe kuthandiza wamkulu. Pa likulu, panthawiyi, pali mphekesera zosangalatsa. Winawake adawona mphuno pa Nevsky Prospekt, wina - mu Tauride Garden. Chifukwa chake, iye mwini adabwerera kumalo ake akale pa April 7, zomwe zinapatsa mwiniwake chimwemwe chachikulu.

Mutu wa ntchitoyi

Kotero ndi mfundo iti ya nkhani yosangalatsa kwambiri? Mutu waukulu wa nkhani ya Gogol "Mphuno" ndikutayika kwa gawo lake la "I" ngati chikhalidwe. Mwinamwake, izi zimachitika motsogoleredwa ndi mphamvu zoipa. Cholinga chokonzekera mu chiwembu chimaperekedwa chifukwa cha chizunzo, ngakhale kuti Gogol sanena momveka bwino za mphamvu zapadera za mphamvu. Chinsinsicho chimagwiritsa ntchito owerenga kuchokera pachiganizo choyamba cha ntchitoyo, imakumbukiridwa nthawi zonse, imatha kufika pachimake ... koma palibe chidziwitso ngakhale pamapeto. Zolembedwa ndi mdima wa osadziwika sizongokhala zodabwitsa kusiyana kwa mphuno ndi thupi, komanso momwe zikanakhalira mwaulere, komanso ngakhale kukhala ndi udindo wapamwamba. Choncho, zenizeni ndi zokondweretsa m'nkhani ya Gogol "The Nose" imagwirizana m'njira yosaganizirika kwambiri.

Cholinga chenichenicho

Iye ali mu ntchito mwa mawonekedwe a mphekesera, zomwe mlembi amatchula nthawizonse. Uku ndikunong'oneza kuti mphuno nthawi zonse imapanga ulendo wopita pamodzi ndi Nevsky Prospekt ndi malo ena ambiri; Kuti iye akuwoneka akungolowa mu sitolo ndi zina zotero. N'chifukwa chiyani Gogol anafunikira njira yolankhulirana imeneyi? Kuika mlengalenga mwachinsinsi, iye amanyodola olemba opusa opusa ndi chikhulupiriro chopanda chikhulupiriro cha zozizwitsa zodabwitsa.

Zizindikiro za khalidwe lalikulu

Nchifukwa chiyani Major Kovalev akuyeneredwa kupatsidwa mphamvu zapadera? Yankho lagona mu zomwe zili mu nkhaniyi "The Nose". Chowonadi ndi chakuti protagonist wa ntchitoyo ndi ntchito yopanda ntchito, yokonzekera chirichonse chokweza. Anakwanitsa kupeza udindo woyang'anira ophunzira popanda kuyesedwa, chifukwa cha utumiki wa ku Caucasus. Cholinga cha Kovalev chofuna kukwatiwa ndi kukwatira ndi kukhala mtsogoleri wapamwamba. Pakalipano, kuti adzipepetse kufunika kwake, iye ponseponse amadzitcha yekha osati wophunzira, koma chachikulu, podziwa za kupindula kwa magulu ankhondo pazitukuko. "Iye akhoza kukhululukira chirichonse chimene chinanenedwa ponena za iyemwini, koma sanali kudzikhululukira, ngati anali udindo kapena udindo," wolembayo analemba za nyonga yake.

Apa pali mphamvu yonyansa ndipo inaseka ku Kovalev, osati kumuchotsera gawo lofunika kwambiri la thupi (popanda ntchito yake!), Komanso kupereka mtsogoleriyo kukhala udindo waukulu, ndiko kuti, kumupatsa iye kulemera kuposa mwiniwake mwiniwake. Ndiko kulondola, palibe chotsatira mphuno yako! Zenizeni ndi zokondweretsa m'nkhani ya Gogol "Mphuno" zimakupangitsani kulingalira za funso "Chofunika kwambiri - munthu kapena udindo wake"? Ndipo yankho likukhumudwitsa ...

Malingaliro a wolemba wanzeru

M'nkhani ya Gogol pali zambiri zamatsenga, zowonetsera momveka bwino zenizeni za masiku ano. Mwachitsanzo, kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1800, magalasi ankaonedwa kuti ndi osowa kupereka apolisi kapena apolisi ngati mawonekedwe ochepa. Pofuna kuvala izi, chilolezo chapadera chinkafunika. Ngati amphona a ntchitoyi adatsatira malamulowo ndipo amafanana ndi mawonekedwe awo, Mphuno ya yunifolomu inapeza kwa iwo kufunikira kwa munthu wapadera. Koma pamene mkulu wa apolisi anayenera "kutulukamo" m'dongosololi, akuphwanya kulemera kwa yunifolomu yake ndi kuvala magalasi ake, pomwepo adazindikira kuti kutsogolo kwake kunali mphuno chabe - gawo la thupi liribe phindu popanda mbuye wake. Choncho amatsutsana ndi zenizeni komanso zochititsa chidwi m'buku la "The Nose" la Gogol. Sizodziwikiratu kuti anthu a m'nthaŵi ya wolemba adawerenga ntchito yapaderayi.

Olemba ambiri adanena kuti "Mphuno" ndi chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri cha zongopeka, zolemba za Gogol zokhudzana ndi tsankhu zosiyanasiyana ndi chikhulupiriro cha anthu osakhulupirika pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zazing'ono. Zinthu zozizwitsa m'maganizo a ntchito ya Nikolai Vasilyevich ndi njira zowonetsera makhalidwe oipa a anthu, komanso zonena za kuyamba kwenikweni kwa moyo.