Mu sayansi yamakono, chifukwa akatswiri otchuka (monga Erika Hobsbauma, Benedict Anderson, Entoni Smita, Ernest Gellner ndi ena), zimayambitsa nkhondo za mitundu ndi mtundu amaganiza anaphunzira mokwanira. Maziko zenizeni za zosayembekezereka wa fuko lirilonse ndi otchedwa gulu dziko kutsitsimuka. zodabwitsazi ndi kuzindikira gulu mokwanira lalikulu la anthu a ubwenzi wake wauzimu ndi mwazi; ndi chinenero, miyambo, chiyambi, m'mbuyomu mbiri, mgwirizano wa maganizo pa amunamuna ndi zomvetsa chisoni m'mbiri, kudzipereka wamba m'tsogolo. Mu sayansi yamakono, pali maganizo pa chodabwitsa cha mtundu Komabe, malinga ndi wololera ambiri a iwo, mtundu ngati kumachitika kokha mu nthawi ya makono ya mbiri European, nyengo mafakitale ndi mizinda, pamene kuphwanya chachikale chinkawavuta chizindikiritso m'dera la madera m'mudzi (ndipo anakhala ambiri anthu ) ndi dziko zochepa wamba akale mwadzidzidzi kukodzedwa kwa malire a kumalire kwa dziko.
mbiri American Eugene Dzhozef Veber anakufotokoza ndondomeko izi m'buku lake "Kuchokera wamba mu French." Izi ndi zomwe zimachitika chizindikiritso ndi mtundu makamaka ndi moyenera, kutsutsa ena. Kale mfundo imeneyi anaika zimayambitsa nkhondo yapachiweniweni. chakuti mtundu sangakhoze anasankha, amalenga kwa izo chithunzi woyera, ngati anatumidwa ndi Providence. Image, chimenenso ikusonyeza mbiri, anthu ambiri amakhala wokonzeka kupita ku imfa. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti palibe wina nthawi yomweyo osati kupereka moyo wake chifukwa cha ulemerero wa gulu, mgwirizano malonda, ndi zina zotero. Izi woyenera ndi kuti, mu maganizo a munthu, sangasinthe kuti anapatsidwa poyamba mpaka mapeto. Wosanjikiza lotsatira maziko, zomwe zagona chifukwa cha nkhondo ya mtundu n'chakuti, fuko lirilonse liri ndi achilendo yekha makhalidwe ake chosiyana. Ali ndi chikhalidwe chosiyana: m'maganizo, chipembedzo, chinenero zokhudzana ndi kukumbukira zakale ndi ena. Zimayambitsa nkhondo padziko lonse pa choona kuti oimira osachepera umodzi mwa mitundu pali kumverera nkhawa chifukwa cha kuteteza makhalidwe awo national: kuukira kukumbukira ngwazi dziko, kuwonongeka chinenero ndi zina zotero.
N'zochititsa chidwi kuti makamaka atengeke chitetezo cha ulemu dziko ndi zinthu za amitundu aja kuti akhala pansi ku mtundu wina wa kuvutitsidwa kuti sanathe kukhazikitsa zofunika zogwirizana kwa nthawi yaitali. Mwachitsanzo, ku Ulaya lero Madera amenewa ndi Basques ku Spain ndi Flemings ku Belgium. Zimayambitsa mikangano mitundu m'madera awa ali mu ulamuliro yaitali m'mayiko madera awo kuti: Castilians ndi Walloons, motero. Chitsanzo china chidwi ndi boma la Soviet. mikangano Tsankho ku Soviet Union anafika pamwamba pa kukonzanso kwa. Ndipo chochititsa chidwi, kudzipereka kwawo kwa kukhazikitsa dziko la anati woyamba wa zonse, amene kwa nthawi yaitali analibe boma awo: Balts, Ukrainians, Georgia. Zikatero, anthu amene anali pa nthawi ina boma, lero si choncho tcheru nkhani dziko. British, French, Italy mu Europe kale anapeza chinenero, "ankaimba zokwanira" ndi lingaliro la fuko ndi kutenga mfundo zina.