Mountaineer ndi wofufuza Edmund Hillary: mwachidule mbiri, zikayenda

Ku New Zealand, zaka 7 zapitazo, mu 2008, iye anamwalira Sir Edmund Hillary - munthu woyamba amene anagonjetsa Everest, pa phiri lalitali kwambiri mu dziko. Lero, E. Hillary ndi wotchuka ankakhala ku New Zealand, osati chifukwa cha chitunda lodziwika bwino. Iye akutithandiza zedi pa ntchito zachifundo. Edmund Hillary kwa zaka zambiri pamoyo wake kukhala bwino amoyo wa Sherpas Nepalese. Oimira anthu Himalaya nthaŵi zambiri anali odikira mu detachments za okwera. Edmund Hillary maziko a Himalaya Foundation, amene thandizo lake. Kudzera zochita zake zipatala ndi masukulu ambiri zamangidwa ku Nepal. Komabe, wotchuka kwambiri kuchita Edmund akadali otchuka chitunda cha Everest.

Phiri Everest

Qomolangma (Everest) ndi pachimake apamwamba la Himalaya ndi dziko. kutalika kwake ndi mamita 8848 pamwamba pa nyanja. Tibetans kuzitcha izo "Amayi - mulungu wa mtendere," ndi Nepalis - ". Ambuye wa dziko" Everest lagona pa malire a Tibet ndi Nepal.

Kuposa zaka zapitazo, phiri uyu chidwi cha oyeza. Dzhordzh Everest anali woyamba wa iwo. Kuti dzina lake linaperekedwa pambuyo pamwamba. Mu 1893 Kutacha woyamba dongosolo kukwera, ndi kuyesa woyamba kugwiritsa ilo linapangidwa mu 1921 Koma panapita zaka zoposa 30, komanso ululu wa zaka 13 ascensions analephera potsiriza kugonjetsa Everest.

Mwachidule za Edmund Hillary

Edmund Hillary anabadwa mu 1919 mu mzinda wa Auckland (New Zealand). Kuyambira ali mwana anali wolemekezeka ndi malingaliro abwino, anachita chidwi ndi nkhani ulendo. Ku m'badwo woyambirira pothandiza bambo ake Edmund mu ntchito njuchi, ndipo pambuyo sukulu anayamba kugwira naye. Iye akadali pa sukulu anachita chidwi mu mapiri. The yoyamba kukwera Edmund anapanga 1939, kukwera kwa pamwamba pa Phiri la Oliver, limene lili ku New Zealand. Hillary anatumikira pa World nkhondo II womenya woyendetsa. Isanafike kukhazikitsa chitunda ake mu 1953, anachita nawo mu 1951 reconnaissance ulendo, komanso kuyesa zinalephereka kukwera Cho Oyu, amene ankaona 6 phiri lalitali kwambiri mu dziko. Mu 1958, Edmund mu ulendo wa British Commonwealth anafika South Pole, ndipo kenako anapita ku North Pole.

May 29, 1953, pamodzi ndi Sherpa Tenzing Norgay, yemwe amakhala kumwera kwa Nepal, anapanga wotchuka chitunda cha Everest. Tiuzeni za izo.

Njira Everest

Pamene njira Everest chinatsekedwa Tibet, amene anali pansi pa ulamuliro Chinese. Nayenso Nepal yekha analola ulendo umodzi pa chaka. Mu 1952 ndi ulendo Swiss, amene adali, ndi njira, ndipo Tenzing, anapanga pofuna kukwaniritsa udachitikira. Komabe, nyengo sanalole kuzindikira zolinga zathu. Maulendowa anali kubwerera mamita 240 kuchokera cholinga.

Sir Edmund Hillary mu 1952 anapanga ulendo wa Alps. Pa iye anamva kuti ndi George Chiwoko, bwenzi la Edmund, kukakhala nawo pa ulendo British. Iwo ayenera kutenga malo mu 1953. Kumene, mountaineer ndi wofufuza Edmund Hillary yomweyo anavomera.

Mapangidwe maulendowa ndi kapangidwe kake

Choyamba, mtsogoleri wa maulendowa anaikidwa Shipton, koma Hunt mwachilungamo msanga anatenga malo ake. Hillary waganiza zongosiya, koma Hunt ndi Shipton anatha zikathandiza New Zealand climber kukhala. Mfundo yakuti Edmund kufuna kupita ku Everest ndi Chiwoko koma Hunt ndi mphepo ya m'mapiri anapanga magulu awiri. Burdillon kuti amayenera wophatikizidwa ndi Charles Evans, peyala chachiwiri - Tenzing Norgay ndi Edmund Hillary. Edmund kuyambira mphindi m'zonse anayesera kupanga ubwenzi ndi mnzanuyo.

Hunt ulendo inkakhala okwana anthu 400. kapangidwe kake m'gulu 362 Porter ndi ochititsa 20 Sherpas. Gulu kunabweretsa 10 zikwi mapaundi katundu..

Kukonzekera chikweza ulendo woyamba kukwera pamwamba

Kukonzekera kwa chitunda cha Phiri Lhotse chinkhoswe Lowy. Nayenso Hillary kunapangitsa njira mwa Khumbu glacier yoopsa ndithu. Maulendowa anakhazikitsa msasa wake m'munsi mu March 1953. Okwera ntchito m'malo pang'onopang'ono kuponyedwa pa okwera 7890 mamita msasa latsopano. Evans ndi Burdillon May 26 anayesa kukwera phiri, koma Evans mwadzidzidzi anakana dongosolo mpweya okwanira, kotero ine ndinali kubwerera. Anatha kukwaniritsa South Summit, lomwe ndi wosiyana pamwamba pa phiri la Everest mamita 91 chabe (ofukula). Hunt ayenera kupita Tenzing ndi Hillary.

Njira udachitikira ndi kugonjetsa Edmund Hillary wa Everest

Chifukwa cha mphepo ndi matalala, ndi okwera anali kudikira pa msasa masiku awiri. Only pa May 28, iwo anali kulankhula. Lowy, Ang Nyima ndi Alfred Gregory anagwirizana nawo. awiri waphwanya pa kutalika kwa 8.5 zikwi. Mamita la chihema chokumanako, kenako kuthandiza atatu abwerera ku msasa wawo. Mmawa wotsatira Edmund Hillary anapeza kuti nsapato zake kunja hema chisanu. awiri koloko ndinafunika zosangalatsazo Kumalimbikitsa izo. Edmund ndi Tenzing, pothetsa vuto limeneli, linaposa.

Forte-mita khoma anali ovuta kwambiri kukwera siteji. Kenako linadzadziŵika kuti Hillary sitepe. Ndi Edmund anapeza mng'alu pakati pa ayezi ndi thanthwe okwera anakwera. Kuyambira pano kusuntha sikunali kovuta. Pa maola 11 ndi mphindi 30 m'mawa Norgay ndi Hillary anali pamwamba.

Pamwamba, ndi kuyamba ulendo wobwerera

Pa kutalika kwa anakhala mphindi 15 zokha. Kwa kanthawi, ndinatenga kufufuza tayamba kukhala pamwamba pa ulendo mu 1924, mutu umene unali Mallory. Amadziwika kuti mamembala ake anaphedwa akuyesa kukwera Everest. Komabe, malinga ndi maphunziro ambiri, izi zinachitika pa otsetsereka. Chirichonse chomwe icho chinali, ndipo sanathe kupeza ngati iwo anafika pamwamba lero. Hillary ndi Tenzing ngakhale anapezeka. Edmund kujambulidwa naonekera pamwamba ndi ayezi Sankhapo Tenzing (Norgay komanso konse ntchito kamera, kotero sikuchokeranso zikalata Hillary kukwera). Edmund asanachoke anachoka mu mtanda chisanu ndi Tenzing - ena chokoleti (nsembe kwa milungu). Okwera, kupanga zithunzi ochepa, pofuna kutsimikizira mfundo za kukwera, anayamba kutsika. Mwatsoka, mayendedwe awo kwathunthu chinapululutsa misa matalala, kotero kuti kubwerera pa njira yomweyo sizinali zophweka. Lowe anali munthu woyamba anakumana nawo panjira pansi. Anawapatsa chotentha.

maulemu

Uthenga wa anagonjetsa Everest anafika Britain pa tsiku la coronation wa Elizabeth II. Kukwaniritsa okwera anali yomweyo kukapereka holide imeneyi. Amayenda ulendo Atafika ku Kathmandu, muli kuzindikira mosayembekezeka pa mlingo lonse. Hillary ndi Hunt analandira knighthood, ndi Norgay anali kupereka n'kulandira mendulo ya Britain. Amaganiza kuti Dzhavaharlal Neru, Nduna Yaikulu ya Indian, anakana pempholo kupereka Tenzing knighthood. Mu 2003, pamene ife phwando la chikumbutso 50 tili pa chitunda cha Everest, Hillary, iye ankalemekeza udindo wina. Edmund mpake anakhala nzika aulemu a Nepal.

imfa Hillary

Edmund Hillary, yonena mwachidule zaka tsogolo limene waperekedwa pamwamba, pambuyo Everest anapitiriza kuyenda ulendo wapadziko lonse, anagonjetsa mizati ndi chiwerengero cha nsonga Himalaya, komanso chinkhoswe mu chikondi. Mu 2008, pa January 11, anamwalira m'chipatala Auckland City ku matenda a mtima pamaso zaka 88. Helen Clark, nduna ya mbadwa zake New Zealand, mwalamulo analengeza imfa ya wapaulendo a. Iye ananena kuti imfa ya imfa aakulu dziko.