Kanali wa Wehrmacht (1935-1945 biennium).

Asilikali kanali kumeneko mu mawonekedwe a asilikali ndi limasonyeza kuti udindo munthu, ena za thupi limodzi la nthambi ya zachitetezo (mu nkhani iyi, Wehrmacht), ndi kuphana dzanja, dipatimenti kapena utumiki.

Kutanthauzira kwa maganizo "Wehrmacht"

Izi "akuphatikizapo a silikhali" mu 1935 - 1945 zaka. Mu mawu ena, Wehrmacht (chithunzi pansipa) - osati kuti zina, monga asilikali a Nazi Germany. Pa mutu - Wamkulukulu Lamulo la asilikali a dziko, amene anali wamng'ono kwa mphamvu pansi, bulu ndi mpweya mphamvu, ndi Waffen-SS. Iwo anatsogoleredwa ndi lamulo lalikulu (OKL, OKH, OKM) ndi atsogoleri a mitundu yosiyanasiyana ankhondo (kuyambira 1940 komanso Waffen-SS). Mtsogoleri Wamkulu wa ku Wehrmacht - Chancellor Adolf Hitler. Photo Wehrmacht asilikali anasonyeza pansipa.

Malinga ndi mbiri yakale, mawu funso m'mayiko Chijeremani anasankha onyamula Asilikali a dziko lililonse. Mphamvu mwachizolowezi izo anapeza pamene Nazi Party anayamba kulamulira.

Madzulo a nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, Wehrmacht unali ndi anthu pafupifupi mamiliyoni atatu, ndi nambala yake pazipita anali oposa 11 miliyoni. Anthu (monga wa December 1943).

Zosiyanasiyana zizindikiro asilikali

Njirazi ndi monga:

• buttonholes;
• phewa zomangira;
• epaulettes;
• Yamawangamawanga ndi mabaji (kupindika, mikwingwirima);
• mabaji pa lapels, epaulettes, epaulettes, mipango (Vinyo, Badges, nyenyezi);
• mikwingwirima ndi m'mbali.

Dress ndipo kanali wa Wehrmacht

The asilikali German anali angapo mitundu ya yunifolomu ndi zovala. Msilikali aliyense amayenera paokha kuwunika udindo wa zida zawo ndi yunifolomu. m'malo awo zinachitikadi monga njira anakhazikitsa, kapena vuto la kuwonongeka kwambiri pa ndondomeko ya maphunziro. mayunifolomu a asilikali mwamsanga kwambiri anataya mtundu chifukwa kuchapa ndi kutsuka tsiku.

Mosamala kuyendera poyera asilikali nsapato (nthawi zonse nsapato zoipa vuto lalikulu).

Kuyambira nthawi ya mapangidwe a Reichswehr (German onyamula Mphamvu mu nthawi ya 1919 -. 1935) yunifolomu anamukwiyira ogwirizana inati onse alipo German. mtundu - "feldgrau" (kutanthauziridwa monga "Field Gray") - chowawa mthunzi ndi lalikulu pigment wobiriwira.

A njira yatsopano ya (yunifolomu ya Wehrmacht wa - asilikali a Nazi Germany panthawi 1935 -. 1945) polima pamodzi ndi latsopano chisoti chitsanzo zitsulo. Zipolopolo, yunifolomu ndi zisoti sanali amasiyana akapolo anzawo akale (alipo ngakhale mu Kaiser nyengo).

Mtsogoleri pa akufunira moika ogwira anatsindika ambiri zinthu zosiyanasiyana heraldry (zizindikiro, zizindikiro, mabaji, piping, ndipo zithunzi zina.). Tikamatsatira wakuda ndi woyera-wofiira cockades yachifumu ndi Tri-mtundu gulu kumanja kwa chisoti ndi kusonyeza kukhulupirika kwa Socialism National. The zikamera wa trehtsvetiya lachifumu kunayamba pakati pa March 1933. Mu October 1935, kunachititsa kuti yunifolomu lachifumu mphungu atanyamula swastika mu zikhadabo zake. Pa nthawi iyi, Reichswehr anadzatchedwa Wehrmacht (chithunzi anaonetsa kale).

phunziro ili tidzakambirana mwachibale kwa Zikuchititsa Land ndi SS.

Kanali wa Wehrmacht ndi Waffen-SS makamaka

Kuyamba kulongosola mfundo zina. Choyamba, Waffen-SS ndi SS gulu palokha - osati zofanana limaphunzitsa. Last - ndi kuphana chigawo chimodzi cha Nazi Party, popangidwa ndi mamembala a bungwe la anthu, kutsogolera mu kufanana SS profiling ntchito zawo (ntchito, ogulitsa mtumiki aboma ndi ena.). Iwo saloledwa kuvala wakuda mtundu yunifolomu, amene mu 1938 m'malo mwa mawonekedwe a kuwala imvi mtundu, ndi awiri pamwamba vermahtovskogo mtundu. Yotsirizira akuganizira mutu obscheesesovskie.

Koma SS, tinganene, ndi mtundu wa detachments chitetezo ( "malo asilikali" - "Kulumikiza" Akufa Mutu "- Hitler asilikali ake), zimafunika mamembala a SS. Iwo amaganiza kuti kukhala ndi asilikali a Wehrmacht.

Kusiyana chiwerengero cha mamembala a SS kwa buttonholes analipo mpaka 1938. Pa yunifomu wakuda anaika nusu limodzi (phewa kumanja), chimene kotheka kupeza okha gulu makamaka a mamembala a SS (msilikali wamba kapena osakhala analamula kapena junior kapena mkulu Ofisala, kapena general). Ndipo kamodzi anayambitsa kuwala imvi yunifolomu (1938), anawonjezera wina kusiyanitsa Mbali - zomangira vermahtovskogo mtundu.

Kanali wa SS ndi asilikali, ndipo mamembala a bungwe - chimodzimodzi. Komabe, munda woyambayo kuvala yunifomu amene amachita ngati vermahtovskoy analogi. Ake awiri pamutu, kunja ofanana vermahtovskimi, kanali asilikali ndi tithe iwo zofanana.

dongosolo udindo, ndipo, chotero, kanali, nthawi zambiri anasinthidwa njira iliyonse, otsiriza umene unachitika mu May 1942 (iwo kusandulika mpaka May 1945).

sukulu asilikali Vermahta anasankha totsegulira, zomangira, zingwe ndi kupindika pa kolala, ndi zilembo ziwiri zapitazi ndipo komabe kusiyana pa manja, komanso ngati yamawangamawanga wapadera phewa makamaka pa kubisa zovala asilikali, mikwingwirima yosiyanasiyana (lumens zosiyana mtundu) pa Buluku la, zipewa onani.

Kuti yunifolomu munda SS potsiriza anayamba za 1938 ngati ankaona ngati muyezo chifukwa akuyerekeza odulidwa, ndiyeno ife tikhoza kulankhula za zimene yunifolomu ya Wehrmacht (Ankhondo) ndi SS yunifolomu si wosiyana. Mtundu wachiwiri anali grayer pang'ono ndi opepuka mthunzi wa wobiriwira ndi pafupifupi zosaoneka.

Komanso, ngati inu mumaona zizindikiro SS kusiyana (makamaka lamizeremizere), mfundo zotsatirazi zikhoza utoto mphungu Kaisara kunali pang'ono pamwamba pa midpoint za m'mapewa kumanzere dzanja m'zigongono, chithunzi chake chinali chosiyana phiko mawonekedwe (zambiri panali milandu imene munda SS yunifolomu anali sewn chabe vermahtovsky chiwombankhanga ).

Monga ofala Mwachitsanzo, mu yunifolomu ya SS Panzer, kulimbikitsa kuti buttonhole mu njira zofanana ndi za Wehrmacht mathanki anali mu edging pinki. kusiyana zizindikiro Wehrmacht Pankhaniyi awa akuimira pamaso pa lapels onse "mutu wa imfa". Mu mathanki SS kumanzere buttonhole kungakhale kanali udindo wake, ndiponso ufulu - kapena "akufa mutu" kapena runes SS (nthawi zina izo zikhoza kukhala bwino kapena Mwachitsanzo, mu angapo magulu kumeneko anaikidwa choyimira cha mathanki - chigaza ndi mafupa anawoloka). Ili pa kolala ngakhale buttonhole amene kukula anali 45x45 mm.

Komanso kanali Wehrmacht monga mmene cholizira buttoned manambala yunifolomu ya battalions kapena mkamwa, zomwe sizinachitike mu nkhani ya yunifolomu ankhondo a SS.

Zizindikiro pamwamba ngakhale, ndipo ndi zimene vermahtovskoy, koma n'zochepa (kupatula woyamba Panzer Division, amene nthawi zonse ankavala monogram pa zomangira phewa).

Kusiyana kwina mu dongosolo, wambirimbiri zizindikiro CC kusiyana, imalimbikitsa kuti asilikali amene anali ofuna udindo wa oyendetsa sitima SS, anali pansi pa phewa anamangirira zingwe za mtundu umodzi, komanso m'mphepete ake. Dzina - ofanana gefraytera mu Wehrmacht. A phungu mu SS pansi Unterscharfuhrer pamwamba ankavala kuluka (kuluka, siliva sewn) lonse millimeters naini. mutuwu - ndi analogue a sanali analamula kapitawo mu Wehrmacht.

Koma maudindo a udindo wapamwamba, panali kusiyana mu buttonholes awo, ndi yamawangamawanga phewa, amene anali pamwamba pa chigongono, koma pansipa mphungu ufumu pakati pa malaya kumanzere.

Ngati tikulingalira kubisa zovala (komwe kulibe zomangira phewa ndi buttonholes), tikhoza kunena kuti SS pa izo analibe kanali mwa zigawo, koma iwo anakonda izi kubisa zovala kubala makolala ndi totsegulira awo.

Nthawi zambiri, yunifolomu ankavala chilango mu Wehrmacht anali kwambiri kuposa la asilikali asilikali SS analola ambiri ufulu ndi ulemu kwa nkhaniyi, ndi akazembe awo ndi alonda sanafune kuteteza mtundu uwu kuphwanya M'malo mwake, nthawi zambiri zofanana. Ndipo ichi ndi mbali yaing'ono chabe mwa zinthu zapadera za yunifolomu ya Wehrmacht ndi Waffen SS.

Kulonga n'cigwagwa pamwamba, tinganene kuti kanali wa Wehrmacht ndi wanzeru osati SS komanso Union.

Kagulu ka Army

Iwo anali motere:

• ndi udindo wapamwamba;
• NCOs popanda swordbelt (galloon kapena lamba gulaye zogwiritsa Tashkov, ozizira, ndipo kenako ndi mfuti);
• sanali analamula akapitawo ndi lamba;
• lieutenants;
• atsogoleri;
• kapitawo ndodo;
• ankhondo.

tithe nkhondo anawonjezera kuti alonda lankhondo la m'madipatimenti osiyanasiyana ndi maudindo. makonzedwe a usilikali m'magulu kuchokera kwambiri junior alonda sanali anatumidwa kwa akazembe mfulu.

Army mtundu wa asilikali Wehrmacht

Nthambi German ali kale unasankha mitundu zoyenera ndi edging wa buttonholes, zipewa ndi yunifolomu ndi zina zotero. Iwo nthawi zambiri zinasintha. Pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World anachita kusiyana chotsatira mtundu:

1. White - ndi oyenda ndi Border Alonda a zachuma ndi asungichuma.
2. Chofiira - munda, Kukwera Akavalo ndi kudzikonda injini zida zankhondo, komanso akazembe edgings, buttonholes ndi mikwingwirima.
3. Kapezi kapena carmine yofiira - osakhala analamula akapitawo a misonkhano Chowona Zanyama, komanso totsegulira, mikwingwirima ndi phewa zomangira likulu la General Wogwila ndi High Lamulo la Wehrmacht ndi Army.
4. Pinki - Anti-injini zida zankhondo; M'mphepete mbali thanki yunifolomu; lumens ndi kusankha buttonholes malaya kapitawo utumiki, ndi zamphepo imvi wobiriwira NCOs ndi asilikali.
5. Golden chikasu - ndi apakavalo, reconnaissance mayunitsi ndi oti muli nazo zida mayunitsi njinga.
6. Ndimu wachikasu - chizindikiro Corps.
7. Burgundy - akatswiri ndi makhoti asilikali; dymzaveschiki ndi angapo roketi "mankhwala" mortars.
8. Black - Army Corps wa Akatswiri (mayunitsi kuchotseratu mabomba, sitima, maphunziro), utumiki luso. Ife sappers oti muli nazo zida mayunitsi - wakuda ndi woyera edging.
9. Cornflower buluu - umoyo (kupatula asilikali).
10. Kuwala buluu - m'mbali mwa magawo galimoto.
11. Kuwala wobiriwira - mankhwala asilikali, alenje ndiponso m'mbali mwa phiri.
12. Mankhwala wobiriwira - Regiment wa oyenda Moto, njinga yamoto mbali.
13. Gray - okopa ankhondo, ndi akapitawo a malo ankhondo ndi malo a (edging pa mitundu asilikali yunifolomu).
14. Gray buluu - utumiki kulembetsa, akuluakulu oyang'anira US, akatswiri alonda.
15. Orange - apolisi ankhondo ndi Engineering Academy, yolembedwa usilikali utumiki (mtundu edging).
16. Pepo - opempheretsa
17. Mdima wobiriwira - akuluakulu a asilikali.
18. Kuwala kofiira - quartermasters.
19. Blue - maloya asilikali.
20. Yellow - Service konezapasa.
21. Mandimu - feldpochta.
22. Kuwala bulauni - utumiki yophunzitsa kulemba anthu usilikali.

Phewa zomangira mu yunifolomu German nkhondo

Anali ndi cholinga wapawiri: monga njira kudziŵa waudindo ntchito onyamula unitary (fasteners pa phewa mitundu yonse ya zipangizo).

Phewa zomangira Vermahta (tithe) anapangidwa nsalu ophweka, koma pamaso pa edging, amene anali ndi mtundu yeniyeni lolingana mphamvu mtundu. Ngati moganizira pamwamba NCO, n'zotheka kudziwa pamaso pa m'mphepete zina, wopangidwa mwa tepi (m'lifupi - millimeters zisanu ndi zinayi).

Pamaso 1938, panali wapadera asilikali epaulettes yekha kwa yunifolomu kumunda, ankavala tithe onse pansipa kapitawo. Kunali mdima kwathunthu buluu wobiriwira mtundu ndi kutha pang'ono tapered kuti batani. Si mulibe m'mphepete kuti likufanana mtundu wa asilikali. Asilikali a Wehrmacht, kuunikila mtundu wa manja, nsalu pa iwo kanali (manambala, makalata, Logos).

Pa alonda (lieutenants ambuye) anali kwambiri yopapatiza phewa zomangira kuti ndi mawonekedwe a popiringidzana m'magawo awiri kuchokera lathyathyathya siliva "kuluka Russian" (timafupa walukidwa kuti kuonekera kwambiri woonda filaments). m'magawo onse sewn pa mtundu wa zida amakakamiza valavu ili m'tsinde mwa pamwamba pa. Wa unakhota makamaka (U-zooneka) tepi mu malo dzenje mabatani kuthandiza kulenga nkhambakamwa maloko ake eyiti, pamene panali awiri okha.

Phewa zomangira Vermahta (ndodo alonda) anali anachita kudzera mwa "Russian kuluka", koma m'njira monga kusonyeza mzere ongokhala zingwe zopota asanu munthu amene ali mbali zonse za anamangirira phewa, kuwonjezera kuzungulira padziko mabatani unali mu mbali chapamwamba.

Panopa udindo wa onse zimasiyanitsa Mbali - ". Russian kuluka ndi" Linapangidwa wa m'magawo awiri osiyana golide anapotoza mbali zonse za siliva ulusi "nthiti". njira ya kuluka anatanthauza aone mfundo zitatu pakati zingwe zopota anayi mbali iliyonse kuwonjezera pa kuzungulira ili pafupi batani pamwamba pa lamba mapewa.

Akuluakulu a Wehrmacht nazo, monga ulamuliro, monga zomangira, monga mwa asilikali. Komabe, iwo ankasiyana zosavuta oyamba thonje kuluka ya mdima mtundu wobiriwira ndi zizindikiro zosiyanasiyana.

Usachite wabisa kukumbutsa kamodzinso zomangira phewa - ndi zizindikiro Wehrmacht.

Buttonholes ndi epaulets akazembe

Monga tanenera kale, akazembe Wehrmacht ankavala zomangira phewa, zomwe ankagwiritsa ntchito kuluka awiri unakhuthala golide zitsulo oyang'anira ndi siliva soutache pakati pawo.

Iwo analinso ndi zomangira zochotseka, ndi (monga mu nkhani ya magulu nthaka) kugonja pa nsalu chofiira ndi wapadera mphako odulidwa anakafika pamodzi circumscription wa tows (m'mphepete awo m'munsi). A unakhota sewn zomangira ankasiyana akalowa mwachindunji.

A asilikali a Wehrmacht pa epaulets awo amavala nyenyezi siliva, pamene pali kusiyana: - (. Oyenda, asilikali oti muli nazo zida, asilikali okwera pamahatchi ndi ena) zikulu-ambiri analibe nyenyezi, mkulu ambiri mmodzi, ambiri mtundu winawake wa asilikali - awiri, General Oberst - atatu (nyenyezi zoyandikana pansi pa lamba phewa ndi pang'ono pamwamba pawo). Poyamba, panali udindo monga Wapolisiyo ambiri mu ofesi ya Field kulamulira, ndilo chiyambi cha nkhondo sichinayambe ntchito. Epaulettes udindo anali nyenyezi awiri, amene anaikidwa mu magawo chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi. Kusiyanitsa ambiri munda polimbana akhoza kuwoloka ndi ndodo silvery pamodzi pamwamba.

Pano ndipo imachita mphindi. Mwachitsanzo, Gerd Von Rundstedt (Field-kulamulira, amene anachotsedwa lamulo lake chifukwa cha kugonjetsedwa pa Rostov, mkulu wa 18 oyenda Regiment) ikuchitika padziko Baton Regiment chiwerengero phewa zomangira pamwamba munda polimbana ndi, komanso pa kolala ndi woyera-siliva mwambo buttonholes kapitawo oyenda asilikali m'malo chodalira akazembe golide molemera ornamented nsalu pa nsalu valavu chofiira (kukula 40h90 mm) buttonholes. zojambula zawo anakumana mu masiku a asilikali Kaiser ndi Reichswehr, ndi mapangidwe a GDR ndi FRG adanyamuka akuluakulu a asilikali.

Chiyambireni cha April 1941 kuti adzasonkhanitsa munda kuyamba lengthened buttonhole, anali atatu (m'malo awiri) ndipo amafotokozera yokongola epaulets golide za zingwe unakhuthala.

Chidzindikiro chinango makhalidwe ndi wamkulu - mikwingwirima.

Field polimbana akhoza kufooka mu dzanja zachilengedwe ndodo amene anali ndi mtengo wa mitundu wapatali, aliyense payekha chokongoletsedwa, molemera inkakhala yokutidwa ndi siliva ndi golide okongoletsedwa ndi reliefs.

chizindikiro Personal chizindikiritso

Iwo anali kuoneka ndi chowulungika zotayidwa chizindikiro ndi atatu mipata kotenga kutumikira kwa ena mfundo (h imfa) kuti akanathetsa mu amachepetsa awiri (woyamba kumene mipata awiri, abuluka pa thupi la akufa, amamuchitira ndi kutsegula wina anapereka likulu).

asilikali Wehrmacht ankavala kanali, monga ulamuliro, pa unyolo kapena chingwe khomo lachiberekero. Pa wina chizindikiro anakhomerera izi: magazi, chiwerengero chizindikiro, nambala ya battalion, Regiment, kumene chilembo linaperekedwa kwa nthawi yoyamba. Mfundozi ayenera msilikali pa moyo wawo wonse, ngati n'koyenera lowonjezera ndi deta ofanana anachokera m'madera ena a asilikali.

Image wa asilikali German Tingaone mu chithunzi "Wehrmacht" anasonyeza pamwamba.

Kupeza mu Besh-Kung

Malinga ndi zomwe boma, mu April 2014 D. Lukicheva mzinda wokhalamo m'mudzi wa Besh-kung (Kyrgyzstan) anapezeka chuma cha World nkhondo II nyengo. Pamene kukumba cesspool, anapeza chitsulo loka Field Army ya ulamuliro wa Hitler. M'bukuli - ndi katundu kutumiza 1944 - 1945 zaka. (Age - zaka 60), amene si anakhudzidwa ndi chinyezi chifukwa kutchinjiriza katundu mwa mphira gasket pachikuto cha bokosi.

Amaphatikiza:

• kuwala bokosi ndi «Mastenbrille» lolembedwa munali magalasi;
• adagulung'undisa kuyenda thumba ndi matumba wodzazidwa ndi ndizodzola;
• magolovesi, makolala zochotseka, masokosi ndi bindings phazi, zovala burashi, zoluka, suspenders ndi pylezaschitniki;
• mtolo, womangidwa ndi twayini, ndi malire a khungu ndi minofu kukonza;
• granules ena wothandizila (mwina ku njenjete);
• mkanjo pafupifupi latsopano, ankavala mkulu wa Wehrmacht, ndi m'malo a kusoka chizindikiro cha asilikali ndi baji zitsulo;
• zipewa (yozizira chipewa ndi kapu) ndi zizindikiro za kusiyana;
• asilikali umadutsa ndi outposts kutsogolo-mzere;
• banknote zipembedzo za Reichsmarks asanu;
• angapo mabotolo a ramu;
• bokosi la ndudu zazikulu.

Wotchedwa Dmitry ndinaganiza pafupi kwambiri ya zovala mu nyumbayi. Koma botolo la kachasu, bokosi la ndudu zazikulu ndi jekete ankavala mkulu wa Wehrmacht, iye akufuna kusiya iwo pa ufulu yovomerezeka 25%, pamene udindo wa boma zothandiza kudziwa mbiri yakale.