The Baghdad Battery: kufotokoza, cholinga, ntchito ndi chidwi mfundo

Ngati mzinda wamakono zimitsani osachepera ora la mphamvu, pamenepo padzakhala amatipeza uka zinthu, kusonyeza ndilo Mau mildest - kugwa. Ndipo mosalephera, malinga ndi magetsi adalowa tsiku ndi tsiku. Involuntarily funso n'lakuti - mmene makolo athu kwa zaka wopanda mtundu uwu wa mphamvu? Kodi iwo akhala kwathunthu mosatsata umatha? Ndicho ofufuza funso alibe yankho.

Anapezazo kunja kwa mzinda wa Baghdad

Akukhulupirira kuti anthu adapanga bwino magetsi mu theka lachiwiri la m'zaka XVIII, ndipo izo zinachitika zikomo Italy awiri wofunitsitsa amene achita khama kwambiri m'moyo wawo kuphunzira zochitika thupi - Luigi Galvani ndipo m'malo mwake Alexander Volta. Ndi kuthokoza anthu awa lero kuthamanga pa njanji magetsi, kuwala anatembenukira ku manyumba athu, anansi usiku wayamba phokoso nkhonya.

Komabe, izi mosakayikira choonadi wakhala logwedezeka ndi chotulukira, anapanga mu 1936 ndi Austria katswiriyo Wilhelm Keuning ku Baghdad ndi madera ozungulira kudziwika monga Baghdad Battery. History safotokoza kaya wofufuza yekha nakumba pansi, kapena kungoti anagula bokosilo ku m'dera "archeologists wakuda". Yotsirizira mosakayikira, ngakhale, monga mwina wapezeka ngakhale zinthu zina zosangalatsa, koma dziko lapansi silidamzindikira wotulukira chimodzi chokha wapadera.

ndi batire Baghdad chiyani?

Ndiyamika William Keuning anthu apeza bokosilo chodabwitsa akufanana wakale ceramic chotengera mchenga mtundu, kutalika zomwe si upambana masentimita khumi ndi zisanu ndi m'badwo, zikuoneka, anali wofanana ndi zaka ziwiri. Apeza khosi linasindikizidwa utomoni pakamwapo, chimene chikanakhoza kuwonedwa chotuluka ku zotsalira za zitsulo ndodo iye pa nthawi yaitali, pafupifupi inawonongedwa ndi dzimbiri.

Kuchotsa utomoni kapu ndi kuyang'ana mkati ofufuza anapeza woonda mkuwa pepala, anakomoka chubu. M'litali anali masentimita naini, ndipo awiri anali millimeters twente-faifi. Iwo anali anadutsa ndodo zitsulo, mapeto m'munsi Kodi sangafikire pansi, ndi kubwereketsa chapamwamba kunja. Koma chinthu chachilendo chinali chakuti dongosolo lonse amasungidwa mu mlengalenga, utomoni bwinobwino amalimata kuphimba pansi pa beseni ndi kusindikiza khosi.

Kodi chinthu ichi akanatha kuchita?

Tsopano funso kwa onse amene akupezeka mokhulupirika pamisonkhano maphunziro a sayansi: kodi mukufuna? Vilgelm Koning anapeza yankho, chifukwa iye sanali mwa absentees ndi - ndi selo galvanic kupangira magetsi, kapena, mwa kulankhula kwina, Baghdad Battery!

Kodi amisala zingaoneke ngati lingaliro, koma zinali zovuta kuti akamenyane. Chokwana ndi Zinthu. M'pofunika mudzaze chotengera ndi electrolyte, kwa amene angakhale kubwera mphesa kapena mandimu ndi viniga, odziwika bwino kalelo.

Popeza njira adzakhala kwathunthu kuphimba osati kulankhula mzake, ndi zitsulo ndodo ndi chubu mkuwa, pali kusiyana kuthekera ndi magetsi ndithu amaoneka pakati pawo. okayikira onse amanena kuti buku la sayansi kwa kalasi ya chitatu.

Current kwenikweni chimachitika, koma chimene chiri pafupi?

Pambuyo zamagetsi izi wakale okha kuonetsetsa kuti batire Baghdad anali basi anatumizanso lamya ndi iliyonse. mphamvu ogula - mwachitsanzo, pansi nyali za masamba amtunduwu. Komabe, izo zikanakhoza kukhala zophweka msewu kuwala.

Poyembekezera mfundo za okayikira zoti aliyense wagawo kuyatsa ayenera babu chimodzi, ife azipereka mfundo za mbali ya lino, pa Koyamba, malingaliro wosangalatsa, ndipo tikupeza, kodi anthu amene analipo kalekale yathu ino, polenga incandescent getsi, popanda zomwe akale Baghdad batire wotaya tanthauzo?

Kodi akanakhoza kuyang'ana kuwala, zopangidwa ku Iguputo?

Iwo likukhalira kuti izi sizotheka, osachepera ndi galasi mavuto sayenera kukhala, chifukwa, monga mwa sayansi, iye anatulukira zaka zikwi zisanu zapitazo akale Aigupto. Amadziwika kuti kale kuoneka mapiramidi pamodzi Nile ndi Kutentha kwa kutentha, osakaniza mchenga, koloko phulusa, ndi laimu, zitsulo kupeza misa kunyezimira. Ngakhale kuti pa chiyambi cha chilungamo chake ndi osauka, ndi nthawi, ndi BC ake zinali zokwanira, ndondomeko abwino, ndi chifukwa anayamba kulandira galasi pafupi maonekedwe ake masiku ano.

Limbikirani zilili ndi filament, koma pali optimists musasiye. Mfundo yaikulu iwo amapereka chithunzi mwachinsinsi, pa makoma a m'manda Aigupto (zithunzi akuupereka mu nkhani yathu). Pa chithunzicho wakale akuonetsedwa nkhaniyi ndi ofanana kwambiri nyali ano, mwa amene akuonekera chinachake chokhala ngati izi ulusi kwambiri. Ngakhale zambiri zokondera chithunzi amapereka chingwe chithunzi mwachidule kwa nyale.

Ngati nyali si, ndiye chiyani?

Anthuwo wa okayikira ndi optimists kunena, "Timagwirizana chithunzi akhoza anasonyeza sayatsa, ndi zipatso wamkulu ndi Michurinists akale, koma nanga chifukwa chake pa denga, kumene mbuye utoto makoma, palibe kuda mwaye kwa nyale kapena miyuni? Pambuyo mazenera onse mapiramidi sanali, ndipo dzuwa Kodi mkatikati mwa iwo, ndipo n'zosatheka ntchito "mu mdima.

Choncho panali sakudziwika kwa ife gwero kuwala. Komabe, ngakhale panalibe mababu kuwala wakale, sizitanthauza kuti Baghdad Battery, zomwe tafotokozazi, akhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa cholinga china.

kungoganizira Wina chidwi

Mu Iran wakale, malo amene anapangidwa, anapeza zokopa, kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito zipangizo zamkuwa TACHIMATA ndi wosanjikiza woonda siliva kapena golide. Kuyambira lero anapata ku mfundo zokongoletsa maganizo ndi kukhala zachilengedwe wochezeka, monga zitsulo wolemekezeka amakonda kupha tizilombo ting'onoting'ono. Koma kuyika ❖ kuyanika ngati angakhoze kokha electrolytic njira. Only amapatsa mankhwala ndi maganizo angwiro.

amanena anayamba kutsimikizira ndi German wasayansi Egyptologist Arne Eggebreht. Chifukwa nsupa khumi chimodzimodzi monga Baghdad batire, ndi kuwadzaza ndi brine golide, icho amalowerera kuphimba maola ochepa yunifolomu wosanjikiza wa zitsulo wolemekezeka unapangidwa kuona mkuwa Fano la Osirisi.

Mfundo wa okayikira

Komabe, mu chilungamo m'pofunika kumvetsera mfundo ndi chipani otsutsana - amene mukuganiza electrification wa dziko wakale ndi atayamba maloto opanda pake. Mu nkhokwe zawo pali makamaka atatu waukulu mtsutsano.

Choyamba, iwo ali zindikirani mwachilungamo wololera kuti ngati Baghdad batire anali kwenikweni galvanic khungu, ndiye iye nthawi anafunika kuwonjezera ndi electrolyte, dongosolo limene khosi ladzala ndi utomoni, izo sikuloledwa. Choncho, batire anakhala disposable chipangizo, limene palokha ndi chodziwikiratu.

Komanso, okayikira amanena kuti ngati Baghdad batire - kwenikweni chipangizo kwa magetsi, pakati pa anapeza ofukula anamangidwa kukumana onse a makhalidwe ofanana, monga mawaya, mawaya ndi zina zotero. Ndipotu, zonga izi sanapezeke.

Ndipo potsiriza, mtsutso wamphamvu angathe kuonedwa kuti ndi chidziwitso chakuti mpaka ku manda mabuku akale sananene ntchito chipangizo chamagetsi aliyense magetsi kuti adzakhala mosalephera ngati ntchito yawo misa. Kapena zithunzi zawo. Yekha ndi Aigupto zojambula wakale, zofunikila pamwamba, koma alibe kutanthauzira lomveka.

Choncho ndi chiyani icho?

Kwambiri zimene cholinga cha Baghdad Battery analengedwa? Cholinga cha chidwi bokosilo otsutsa mfundo imeneyi magetsi anafotokoza prosaic kwambiri. Malinga ndi iwo, ali kokha ngati malo osungira amtunduwu kapena zikopa mipukutu.

Mu chiyanjo zake zochokera chakuti kalelo anapangidwa mipukutu kwenikweni kusungidwa mu dongo kapena ziwiya ceramic, ofanana, ngakhale, osati wosindikiza khosi la utomoni ndi kumulowetsa iwo pa ndodo zitsulo. Kusankhidwa kwa chitoliro mkuwa ndipo sangathe kufotokoza. Ndi bwinobwino, ndi tsogolo la mpukutuwo, ankati mkatikati mwa. Iye sakanakhoza kuvunda kotero kuti sanali kusiya kuda iliyonse.

Bokosilo, amene sanafune kutsegula chinsinsi chawo

Kalanga ine, koma zinsinsi za mabatire a Baghdad lero amakhalabe sanathetsedwe. Chifukwa cha zinthu zatsopano, chinapezeka kuti chida cha kamangidwe zofanana kwenikweni angathe kubala voteji panopa volts asanu, koma zimenezi sizikutsimikizira kuti kupeza Vilgelma Koninga m'njira imeneyi. Othandiza chiphunzitso cha magetsi ndi laling'ono kwambiri, chifukwa zikusiyana ndi deta ya panyumba ya sayansi, ndipo aliyense amene zingasokoneze iwo, akuthamanga pangozi kuwasindikiza mbuli komanso atasowa.