Kodi wotchuka Ivan Susanin? Ivan Susanin: yonena, ft

Ivan Susanin anali mlimi amene ankakhala m'chigawo Kostroma. Mu mbiri ya Russia amadziwika kuti ndi amene anapulumutsidwa mfumu (Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov) kwa adani Polish. Chibwenzi palibe mfundo zodalirika amene anali ngwazi ya dziko lawo. Malinga ndi mbiri zakale, Susanin mkulu m'mudzi Domnino Kostroma chigawo. Detachment a Polish ankhondowo Ivan Osipovich anafunsa kuti awabweretse iwo kumudzi, kumene anakhala mfumu Mikhail Romanov. Pa mphoto imeneyi Susanin amayenera. M'malomwake, ngwazi tsogolo la Zitsulo anayamba mu nkhalango zowirira. Patapita ankhondowo akungoyendayenda anaganiza kuti munthu atonga ku apfudza iwo. Pambuyo wozunzikirapo yaitali wamba, iwo anazindikira kuti silimanena msewu m'mudzimo. Zitsulo anapha Susanin. Komanso ambanda posachedwa anamwalira mu zithaphwi nkhalango. Today dzina la anthu chabwino moyo imeneyi. umboni A kuli ngwazi ndi diploma, anapereka mwana wake malamulo. Komanso apezeka pafupi Kostroma akhalabe mwa munthu amene zikuoneka a Susanin. Ndipo tsopano tione mwatsatanetsatane kuposa wotchuka Ivan Susanin ndi mufufuze mfundo zina za mbiri yake.

The moyo Ivan Susanin

Akuyendera mwachindunji zochuluka kwambiri ndi umunthu Ivana Osipovicha Susanina angakonde dziŵani owerenga ndi nthawi imene iye ankakhala kuphedwa kwambiri. Kotero izo zinali mu theka zoyambirira za m'ma XVII. Mu 1600 kumayambiriro, Russia anakumbatira kalasi zachitika achipembedzo ndi masoka achilengedwe. Zinali nthawi imeneyi pali: amadziwika Holodomor zaka 1601-1603, kulanda la mpando wachifumu wonamizira, kudza kwa ulamuliro Vasiliya Shuyskogo, ndi Polish kuwukira mu 1609, ndipo asilikali mu 1611, ndi zochitika zina zambiri.

Great chisoni kukatenga ndi dera Kostroma, kumene zoona, moyo Ivan Susanin, mbiri imene masamba kwambiri mawanga kanthu. Pakuti nkhani zomwe nthawi monga: kuwonongedwa kwa Kostroma a 1608-1609 Zonama wotchedwa Dmitry II wa, kuukira pa Ipatiev ansembe yotchedwa, kugonjetsedwa kwa asilikali Polish Kineshma ndi zochitika zina wamagazi.

Kodi zinthu zimene tafotokozazi, ndicho nkhawa, mavuto internecine ndi kulandidwa kwa adani, maganizo kwa Susanin ndi banja lake, kapena patapita nthawi owazungulira mtundu wa chipani - sakudziwika. Koma zonse za nthawi iyi - nthawi imene Ivan Susanin moyo. Ndi nyumba ya ngwazi nkhondo akudza apo pomwe, pamene izo zinkawoneka kuti anali atatha.

umunthu Susanin

Ivan Susanin, amene yonena lili mfundo zochepa yodziwika, munthu akadali chidwi. Osati zokhazo, tikudziwa kuti kuli munthu uyu. Ife tikudziwa kuti Ivan anabereka mwana wamkazi ndi dzina zachilendo kwa nthawi yathu - Antonida. mwamuna wake anali mlimi Bogdan Sabinin. Ife tinali ana awiri Susanin - Constantine ndi Daniel, koma pamene anabadwa, sakudziwika.

Palinso palibe zokhudza mkazi ndi Ivan Osipovich. Olemba mbiri amati amakhulupirira kuti nthawi ya wamba ft silinalinso moyo. Ndipo monga nthawi yomweyo zaka Antonida 16 ofufuza anafunsa zaka zingati wakhala Ivanu Susaninu, pamene iye anayamba mu nkhalango Polish, anayankha kuti mu mukadzakula. Ndiko kuti, ndi za 32-40 zaka.

Pamene chirichonse chidachitika

Masiku ano anthu ambiri kudziwa zimene wotchuka Ivan Susanin, ndi zomwe anatsiriza feat. Koma za mfundo mu chaka chimene ndi nthawi zimene chirichonse chinachitika, pali Mabaibulo angapo. Malinga woyamba: chochitika chinachitika kumapeto yophukira 1612. Pamene mkangano mokomera tsiku limenelo, anapereka mfundo zotsatirazi. Mu miyambo ina ku funso kuti Ivan kuika mfumu mu dzenje posachedwapa anatentha khola. Pamene mbiri amatiuza kuti ngati ngwazi nazonso yokutidwa dzenje charred matabwa. Koma ganizo limeneli wakana ambiri ofufuza. Ngati izi zikuchitikabe, ndi nthano zakale samanama, kuti ndiyedi kugwa ngati nkhokwe ankalimbikitsa kukhulupirira zopita ndi zipolopolo nthawi ino ya chaka.

Ndipo mwina akadali otsiriza yozizira mwezi wa 1613th chiyani?

M'malingaliro a anthu wamba, chifukwa cha luso zojambula zambiri, ntchito mabuku ndipo sewero la Glinki M. I., mbe chifanizo cha Ivan Susanin, amene anatsogolera Zitsulo chisanu wofuka kudutsa m'nkhalango. Ndipo ndi buku wamba. Choncho, pali chifukwa chokhulupirira kuti chintchito chinakwaniritsidwa penapake mu gawo lachiwiri la February kapena oyambirira March. Pa nthawi imeneyi anatumizidwa ku Poland, amene anali kupha Tsar Mikhail kuti awononge olimba a Russia ndi zina yikubvutika kamba yakukhala mutu la mpando wachifumu Russian.

Koma mulimonse, palibe wina angadziwe konse choonadi kuti tsiku lenileni la chikalata cha. Ndipotu, chiwerengero amazipanga lalikulu mfundo zofunika kukhala chinsinsi. Amene anatha kupulumutsa ayenera kutanthauziridwa, molondola. Kodi wotchuka Ivan Susanin, ife akudziwa. Ndipo china chirichonse ndi kukhala nthano.

Imfa Susanin mu Derevnische

A timva ochepa zakale zomwe onena mmene Ivan Susanin anabisa Romanov Yamnik Derevnische m'mudzi, mu funso ndi kuti m'mudzi womwewo Ivana Osipovicha Zitsulo Anagonjera kuzunza ndiye mosatsata moyo. Koma mfundo imeneyi si anthu amapereka mwa zikalata. Baibulo limeneli sanali amapereka mwa pafupifupi aliyense amene anaphunzira moyo wa ngwazi yotchuka.

Baibulo ambiri ndi imfa

chiphunzitso lotsatira za imfa ya ngwazi ndi odziwika kwambiri komanso mothandizidwa ndi mbiri yakale. Malinga ndi izo, Ivan Susanin, ndi chintchito chimene tafotokozazi, anamwalira pa bog Isupovskom. Ndi fano la mitengo wofiira paini chimene anathyola mwazi wa ngwazi za, imatengedwa amazipanga ndakatulo. Chachiwiri chithaphwi dzina zikumveka ngati "Zoyera" chifukwa ankasamba mu magazi zinam'pweteka Ivan Osipovich. Koma zonse izi ziri chabe zongopeka folklore. Mulimonse mmene zinakhalira, anali dambo ndi malo waukulu kanthu onse Susaninskaya feat. Wamba quagmire anatsogolera Zitsulo kuti akope iwo mu mtima wa nkhalango, kuchoka kumudzi akufuna.

Koma nthawi yomweyo ndipo pali mafunso ambiri. Ngati Ivan Susanin (nkhani zinazo tafotokozazi) afa mu chithaphwi, kapena Zitsulo onse anafa imfa yake? Kapena ena a iwo okha kumizidwa mu anaiwalika? Amene Kenako anamuuza kuti mlimi salinso moyo? Pa imfa ya Zitsulo palibe paliponse zikalata amene anatha kupeza mbiri yakale. Koma pali maganizo weniweni (osati wowerengeka) ngwazi Ivan sanafe ku chithaphwi, ndi m'malo ena.

Imfa mu Isupova m'mudzi

Baibulo lachitatu za imfa ya Ivan ananena kuti sanafe mu chithaphwi, ndi m'mudzi Isupova. Izi zikuonekera bwino ndi chikalata amene anali mdzukulu wa Susanin (Sobinin IL) anapempha Mfumukazi Anna Ioannovna kutsimikizira ubwino, vuto la ana Ivana Susanina. Malinga ndi kupempha, ndi m'mudzi umenewu Ivan Osipovich anamwalira iye. Ngati inu mukukhulupirira nthano ino, imfa ya nzika anzake ataona ndi Isupova. Ndiye likukhalira, iwo anabweretsa uthenga woipa m'mudzi Domnino mwina anabweretsa mtembo.

Baibulo limeneli ndi chiphunzitso chokhacho chomwe pansi zalembedwa. Ndipo amaona kwambiri weniweni. Komanso, anali mdzukulu amene sanali kutali mu nthawi chimango cha agogo-agogo ake sanathe kudziwa zimene wotchuka Ivan Susanin, ndipo anafera komweko. Akatswiri ambiri nawonso amanena.

Kumene iye anayikidwa Ivan Osipovich Susanin

Natural kwa funso la kuli manda a ngwazi Russian. Ngati inu mukukhulupirira nthano kuti anafa m'mudzi ndendende Isupova, osati pa dambo chomwecho, kumanda ayenera kuvomerezedwa. Amaganiza kuti thupi la womwalirayo anaikidwa kumanda pafupi Mpingo wa Kiyama, omwe anali mu tchalitchi yathu anthu a m'midzi ndi Derevnische Domnino. Koma mfundo imeneyi si chogwirika komanso angapo zitsimikizo.

Sikutheka osanenapo chakuti pang'ono kenako m'manda a thupi la Ivan anali reburied mu Ipatiev obisika. Ndi lomwe alibe umboni weniweni. Ndipo iye anakanidwa ndi pafupifupi onse ofufuza ft Susanin.