Zonama wotchedwa Dmitry 2 ndani? Kodi analidi Falsdmitry ulamuliro 2?

Ndithudi ambiri kumbukira masiku anga sukulu mawu akuti "Tushino mbala". chakuti pansi dzina izi zikutanthauza Lzhedmitry 2, ambiri a tikuphunzirapo pa mbiriyakale ya dziko.

Wambiri Chiwanda

Mpaka palibe dzina la weniweni, kapena chiyambi cha munthu ichi. Pali chabe osamala kwambiri ndi pafupifupi zoona zonena amene kwenikweni anali wonyengezera Zonama wotchedwa Dmitry 2. mbiri ndi "woyera banga". Malinga ndi Baibulo lina, iye anali mwana wa wansembe. Buku lina limatiuza kuti Lzhedmitry 2 inali ndi mizu Ayuda m'chigawo cha seedy, koma palibe mfundo zodalirika. Ponena za munthu monga Lzhedmitry 2 mwachidule, tikhoza kunena molimba mtima kuti: TSONGAZACHE, amene ali chibadidwe kuti munthu aliyense Russian, komanso kukhudzana ndi chikoka wina pa moyo wake unachita zoipa.

Chiwanda anaonekera m'chilimwe cha 1607 mu Starodub. moyo wake wonse yochepa ankakhala ali skirmishes m'dera ndi nkhondo. Falsdmitry strategy 2 zochokera lomwe kuloŵedwa m'malo ake anali atapulumuka chiwembu mu Moscow. Ngakhale kuchenjera, iye anali ovutika. Falsdmitry 2 Board sizinachitike, pakuti anali analephera kufika likulu, kuti korona. chiyembekezo chake chachikulu chinali asilikali Ivana Bolotnikova. Wonamizira ankakhulupirira kuti kuthandiza kugwila Moscow, koma thandizo yokulirapo Bolotnicov alephera.

policy

Mu Piggy banki Umapeza Falsdmitry manambala 2 okha m'dera kupambana yochepa. Iwo zodabwitsa chakuti iye amatha kuika pansi mbendera yake ngakhale asilikali ochepa. Njira pa makwerero ake cholinga, iye anayamba ndi ulendo kumzinda Chibelarusi - Propoisk ndi Starodub. Kusonyeza mtima wonyenga anayambitsa Dimitri Ioannovich. Mu nthawi yochepa anatha kupeza chikhulupililo cha ambiri anthu, ndi kusonkhanitsa mu malo awo asilikali a ku olemekezeka Polish, chuma, komanso anthu Ivan Bolotnikov. Motsogozedwa ndi nkhani imeneyi n'ngwokayikitsa analandira gulu popped mu malangizo a Bryansk, ndiyeno Tula. Kupambana yoyamba asilikali. Pa Kuzinga likulu la theka anthu otchuka m'dera ku Zonama wotchedwa Dmitry 2, amene ankati wachifumu Russian. Kumenya Vasiliem Shuyskim, wonyenga anagonjetsedwa pafupi Khimki pa Presnya. Komabe, iye anatha kukonza msasa pafupi Moscow Tushino. Iwo anapanga m'dera Boyar Duma, anayamba ntchito ndandanda wawo ndi malamulo. Lzhedmitry 2 ankalamulira dera la kumpoto kwa Moscow, Iye atamvera m'mizinda ikuluikulu monga Vladimir, Yaroslavl, Vologda, Suzdal, Rostov. Pambuyo pa adani a asilikali otsiriza anawabweretsa Tushino mkaidi Metropolitan Filaret Romanov, amene analengeza iye mabishopu. thandizo ndithu anali wotchuka zipolowe, mothandizidwa ndi mphamvu ya boyars ndi wosakhutira Vasiliya Shuyskogo.

kulimbikitsa udindo wa

Nthawiyi, kufunafuna mphamvu ndi phindu zosavuta July 1608 anafika ku Tushino Marina Mniszek, ndi mkazi wamasiye boma Falsdmitry 1. Mu mawu a pangano armistice ndi Zitsulo linatulutsidwa m'tchire. Panthawi imeneyo, mu "Tushino mbala" mkazi anazindikira mwamuna wake, amene mwamva mozizwitsa anathawa. Kumene, mfundo imeneyi kamodzinso anatsimikizira udindo wa wonamizira m'manja mwa maso a ena. awiri kenako mobisa anakwatira, ndipo anabereka mwana wamwamuna.

Mphamvu ya ankhondowo Polish

Dziko potsiriza anaika chisokonezo mode. Mu Tushino pabwalo kugawanitsa ndi kugonjetsa Zitsulo. Ndi manja awo anali kasamalidwe, iwo kudzudzulidwa zochita zawo zidole: 2 Politika Lzhedmitriya kwathunthu olamulidwa ndi Zitsulo. Ntchito imeneyi, Zitsulo ndi ofunitsitsa agwidwa ndipo unawononge- wamba yosavuta. Wosatha bandit anawazunza anayamba kuthamanga mu zida mayankho m'tauni ndi anthu wamba.

Mu nthawi kuchokera September 1608, pa January 1610 Polish ndi asilikali Chilituyaniya kukazungulira Woyera Utatu obisika. Ngakhale kuti anali m'mavuto, ndi zokometsera wa agulupa anapeza kusonyeza kuukira onse mdani ndiponso kuteteza kachisi.

Oukira Polish mu 1609 anapanga pofuna kuti akagwire Smolensk, koma analephera. Komanso si zotheka kukhala pampando wachifumu wa Prince wake Russian - Wladyslaw.

mochititsa manyazi kumapeto

Chifukwa chakuti mtsogoleri chidwi asilikali ndi pulani kwambiri - MV Skopin-Shumsky Zolinga Falsdmitry 2 kukhumudwa. Mu 1609 msasa Tushino kenako anakomoka. The chisokonezo anasonkhana sanafune kuti aliyense kumvera, chirichonse monga ngati ndalama mosavuta. Lzhedmitry 2 sanapeze mankhwala ena koma athawire Kaluga. Koma ngakhale pali iye sanapezeke chipulumutso: imfa ya wonyenga anapezeka m'chigawo Kaluga, kumene anawomberedwa ndi servitor wake - Urusov P.

Nthawiyi, tsogolo la Ivan Bolotnikova kuti anathandiza Falsdmitry 2, panalibe zochepa chisoni. Iye anali woyamba khungu ndipo kenako anaphedwa ndi nkhonya pa mutu ndi chibonga. Bolotnikova akufa thupi inatha mdzenje.

Kuwerengera

Choncho, ngati Kuganizira njira imene anadutsa Lzhedmitry 2, mwachidule, pali zinthu zingapo zofunika:

-1607 Chaka - kuoneka wonyenga, azipereka opulumuka Falsdmitry 1;

- 1608 - mapangidwe gulu lake lankhondo mwiniyo zotsala za mphamvu mikwingwirima onse;

-11 May 1608 - kugonjetsedwa kwa asilikali aboma motsogozedwa Shuya, maphunziro Tushino msasa, analanda dziko latsopano;

-1609 Chaka - kuoneka chisokonezo mu kumsasa, zofooketsa Falsdmitry udindo 2;

-1610 Chaka - pa kuvunda kwa msasa Tushino, kuthawa Falsdmitry 2 Kaluga;

-11 December 1610 - kupha Sitefano wonyenga adampereka Iye Petrom Urusovym.

Location amakhalabe Falsdmitry 2 malo Sizikudziwika, koma akukhulupirira kuti ali mu umodzi wa mipingo mu Kaluga.