Mavutowo Suez

Nkhondo (World nkhondo II) mu ndondomeko mayiko wa USSR ndi imodzi mwa malo ofunika kwambiri zapatsidwa kwa Middle East. M'mayiko Arab kuti analandira yosiyanasiyana thandizo - ndi asilikali, ndi mwakhalidwe, ndi andale.

The Suez vuto la 1956 anali mayeso oyamba a mphamvu ya chikoka Soviet mu Middle East.

Soviet Union aziwapatsa zida za nkhondo zida, kutumiza akatswiri alangizi ankhondo pa dziko, chomwe chingathe (amati) nawo nkhondo asilikali.

Pansi pa ulamuliro wa Britain kwenikweni pakati pa 1950s anakhalabe Egypt. Mu 1951, boma la Iguputo kwatha chipangano umene dziko kufalitsidwa asilikali British. Komabe, Britain osati sanawadutsitse, koma kukuza mphamvu zawo. Poyankha, dziko unachitikira pokwiya ankhondowo British anayamba nkhondo ndi zigawenga.

Mu 1952, 23 July, nkhondo ku Egypt inasanduka zingapo. Wapolisiyo Nasser, mutu wa bungwe andale "Free Apolisi" nagubuduza lachifumu ndipo analengeza dziko lipabliki.

Lamulo anathamangitsa ndi boma latsopanolo kwambiri itakula kugona ndi Britain ndi Israel. Britain, kufutukula pamaso pa asilikali Egypt, Nasser anasaina mgwirizano pa achire wa asilikali miyezi makumi awiri ndi kulanda ufumu wa Iguputo boma makhazikitsidwe a asilikali. Mu 1955 izo anakhazikitsa Baghdad pangano ndi nawo Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Britain, Pakistan. Egypt komanso anaitanidwa kuti agwirizane. Komabe, Nasser anakana.

Mu Middle East zinthu zovuta kwambiri. Israel, komanso limati membala wa Baghdad ke anali sizili mu maso a Egypt. Western dongosolo atsamunda linagawanika. Izi anali umboni ndi kupeza ufulu wa Morocco, Tunisia, Sudan, Syria. Mu Algeria, anapitirira ndi National Kumasuka nkhondo. Pa nthawi yomweyo ife kulenga zinthu yabwino kwa chitukuko m'dera la chikoka Soviet. Zimenezi, kuwukitsa nkhawa NATO.

Tikumbukenso kuti nkhawa ndi pansi nthaka. chakuti Naser mu 1955, anapempha thandizo ku mayiko a azungu. Egypt kukapempha asilikali, koma anakana. Mogwirizana ndi izi, Nasser anatembenukira kwa Soviet Union. Soviet Union sanali amakana Egypt. Kudzera Czechoslovakia mobisa akhazikitsidwa kugulitsa zida Russian.

nkhawa Western unakula. Iwo sanafune pamaso pa Soviet Union mu Middle East. Pulezidenti Eisenhower analonjeza kupereka chithandizo kwa Nasser mu pomanga Aswan damu. Koma pambuyo pulezidenti Aiguputo anayamba kugula zida ku Czechoslovak Socialist Republic ndi kukhazikika asapita zamtendere ndi China, boma la US anakaniratu ake. Chifukwa, Nasser anakapezeka zinthu sizingasinthe, monga polojekiti zingakubweretsereni kugwa ndi mavuto azachuma mu dziko. Kuona zinthu, pulezidenti Igupto anapita miyeso kwambiri. Nasser anaganiza nationalize ya Suez Canal. Mu 1956, pa July 26, Pulezidenti analengeza pa masewera aakulu amene anapeza kuchokera nationalization ndalama adzapita kwa pomanga Aswan damu. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo anayamba mwachangu kukhala mavuto Suez.

ntchito zachuma Nasser atasenza chikhalidwe chosintha, ikuchitika ndi maziko a malamulo asilikali pulezidenti wa Igupto. Nasser walandira thandizo asilikali, anayamba poyera amati utsogoleri mu Middle East. Cha m'ma 1956 ndi thandizo unapangidwa lamulo logwirizana la asilikali a Siriya, Jordan ndi Egypt. Iwo anayamba kukonzekera nkhondo ndi Isiraeli.

Suez mavuto kukuwonjezera. zochita Nasser anali okhudzidwa mu Paris ndi London. Pa nthawi yomweyo anayamba kuchita akuti yogwira mkwiyo, mayiko sangathe, monga sankasangalala America.

Chifukwa, izo anayamba dongosolo chinsinsi. Kwenikweni ake kwagona kuti asilikali Israeli atalanda dera la Egypt. London ndi Paris adzapatsidwa mwayi kuti zithe nkhondoyi. Ngati mmodzi mwa magulu akukana, ndi anagwirizana mphamvu (British ndi French) Kodi njira zoyenera kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha Suez Canal. Iwo anayamba kukonzekera mwadongosolo kukhazikitsa pambuyo chiyanjo cha dongosolo.

Nkhondo inayamba mu 1965, pa 29 October. Ndi November 5 lonse anali kulamulidwa ndi asilikali Israeli Sinai. Kenako anayamba kuukira yogwira, bombardments, ndi ndegeyo.

Lekani mavuto Suez akanatha USSR. November 5, boma Soviet anatumiza matelegalamu kwa Nduna ya Israel, France ndi England. Ananena chakuti nkhondo Nasser mukhoza kupita kudziko lachitatu, amene ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi "rocketry". Choncho, Soviet Union sunaletse kuthekera mphamvu kuthetsa mkangano. Soviet Union anali wokonzeka kupita ku miyeso kwambiri kuti kuthetsa mavuto Suez.

Chifukwa, pa November 8, zinthu zonse zankhondo ndinayima.