Mavuto azachuma: mitundu, zimayambitsa, zimakhudza banja

mavuto azachuma, akale kapena m'tsogolo, nthawi zonse pa khutu. Mavuto patsogolo chuma - imodzi mwa nkhani ankakonda TV ndi nthaka yachonde zonenera zambiri za mabungwe Katswiri.

mitundu

mavuto azachuma kubwera mu mitundu iwiri zofunika.

• Nedoproizvodstvennye (yodziwika ndi kuchepa kwa katundu wa mowa misa). A chitsanzo chapadera - chuma mavuto mu Russia zaka 90: pa maalumali kanthu, chakudya, amalola kupita mosamalitsa osowa, queues kwa zofunikira.
• Pereproizvodstvennye (yodziwika ndi predominance lalikulu kotunga pa kufunika). Mu nthawi ya ngozi, ambiri a anthu alibe ndalama kuti adzawapatse kambiri aliko (umphawi misa). A nthumwi mmene matendawo pereproizvodstvennyh mu chuma - Wamkulu Depression wa mmasate lapansi.

zifukwa

Panopa mavuto azachuma kwakukulukulu chifukwa giperkonsyumerizmom lonse - amavutitsa kulakalaka anthu kudya. Chaka chilichonse osiyanasiyana mankhwala anapereka munthu akayamba: watsopano chitsanzo galimoto, bwino deta zovala, mtundu zatsopano mowa ndi chakudya mankhwala. Pamodzi ndi mabuku mowa kuwuka kupanga mtengo wa katundu, kufufuma akuyamba (depreciation) ndalama likulu. Kukula mangawa: national, gombe, ogula. Zonsezi kumabweretsa mfundo yakuti ngongole ya anagula (musati kubweretsa ubwino zinthu: magalimoto, zovala, mipando), palibe kulipira.

Malinga ndi ziphunzitso Karla Marksa, mavuto - ndi mnzake mosalephera a bizinesi. asayembekezere zimadalira pa musanyalanyaze kasamalidwe, monga zoyipa pa ntchito ogula kapena mabungwe. Zimenezi Marx limafotokoza kwambiri chikhalidwe cha ubale, umalimbana kupanga phindu.

Mphamvu pa banja

Kumene, kufooka lakuthwa mu mphamvu kugula wa mabanja, kulephera ndi zimene kale zilipo, kungasokoneze pa maziko maganizo. Grand capitalist vuto la 1930s pachabe dzina lake "Great Depression." Mu mfundo za kuti nthawi anthu kambirimbiri adjectives monga dzanzi wathedwa, mantha, chidwi etc. mavuto a zachuma ndi woopsawo thanzi: zomvetsa chuma ndiponso nkhawa za tsogolo lawo kuchepetsa moyo amayembekezeka. Katundu kugwa 2008-2009 mu United States chinachitikira ndi pachimake cha matenda a mtima ndi kufa ndi matenda a dongosolo mtima.

Pa nthawi yomweyo kuphunzira chidwi anapereka asayansi wathu: anapeza kuti mavuto azachuma padziko lonse mgwirizano wa mabanja kukumananso awo (tikulankhula za banja kobvuta) ndi wofuna kukhala ndi moyo limodzi. Vuto limeneli wolungamitsidwa zochokera mfundo sociological ndi chuma view:

1) chomwe chayandikira ngozi zaka anapangitsa kuti anthu ogwirizana kumanga kunyumba kuthandiza abale;

2) moyo pamodzi kwambiri ndalama kuposa payokha, ndi chilengedwe cha wapadera cooperatives mini-ogula cholinga kuchepetsa ndalama chakudya, zofunikira, mafuta, etc.

ofufuza anapeza kuti kusakhazikika kwa bajeti zimapangitsa anthu kuonjezera gawo la zomwe apeza ku banja mogwirizana ndi ndalama zawo.