Polimbana Shaposhnikov Boris Mihaylovich: yonena, zithunzi

Polimbana Shaposhnikov, mmodzi wa kanjedza wotchuka wa Soviet Union ndi mtsogoleri kwambiri. Pafupifupi moyo wake wonse zoyenera luso la nkhondo. Iye anatumikira Mama kuyambira ubwana, ndipo anafa, anakusiyirani positi. Njira kwa ngalande kwa nduna ya, Boris anasiya ntchito wapadera, amene akugwirabe ntchito ndi ntchito mphamvu ano zida.

Wambiri polimbana Shaposhnikov

Boris anabadwa mu 1882. Mayi ake anali mphunzitsi sekondale, ndi atate wake - usirikali. Mwina izi ndi zimene anatsimikiza tsogolo la polimbana m'tsogolo. Atamaliza maphunziro Boris amapita kusukulu, kudzipha mu 1899. Kenako anaganiza yolumikizana miyoyo yawo ndi luso asilikali. Akulowa matauni sukulu ya asilikali, kumene iye anaphunzira ku wabwino. Kumasulidwa, iye anali yekhayo wa otaya lonse analandira udindo wa mkulu chachiwiri. Iye anatumizidwa kukatumikira Tashkent, kumene Boris wapatsidwa ndi kampani. Mu nthawi ya utumiki, Shaposhnikov anapitiriza maphunziro ake. Iye maphunziro Academy ya General ndodo, imene zinkathandiza kuti monga mkulu.

Ndi pamene nkhondo yoyamba ya II World iye anapita ku Western Front. Pakhala pali kukagwira 14 apakavalo Division. Anamenya mu positi msilikali wothandiza mfumu uja. Ineyo pandekha anali kutsogolo, pamene iye anali kwambiri ndiwobvulazidwa. Kenako, anakagwira likulu angapo. Pa nthawi ya nkhondoyo, iye wakhala ankalemekeza mphoto zingapo. Zinali pa omenyera nkhondo ya First World tsogolo polimbana Shaposhnikov anasonyeza nzeru zake mwatsatanetsatane. Iye anali wodziwa bwino nkhani za chilengedwe ntchito ndipo amapereka njira yabwino mavuto m'deralo.

Chiyambireni cha ndale mu Russian Ufumu Boris amatenga nawo mbali mu ntchito ya usilikali Committee Chiwukirano wa Caucasus, kumene nthumwi kumusankha iye kazembe wa Grenadier Division.

Kuukira ndi chiyambi cha Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni

Ndi chiyambi cha Civil nkhondo polimbana Shaposhnikov anali kale akatulutsidwa. Chakumapeto May, linalembedwa mu Red Army. Nthawi yomweyo ali ndi malo akulu a nzeru. Kutengapo mbali mu chitukuko cha mapulani. Likadali ku likulu ntchito. Bwino njira za akumenyana ndi Red Army (a ogwira ntchito ndi Alimi 'Red Army). Apanso Zikuoneka mwangwiro kumvetsa zinthu pachilumbachi amadzibisa lapansi. Boris anzake taonera ena Luso lapadera, chifukwa chimene izo mwangwiro amasonyeza zofooka za mdani wa.

Pa nthawi imeneyo, Army Yofiira kuti analengedwa ndi mbali kwambiri chisokonezo ndi chisokonezeko wa Civil nkhondo ndi osasamba magulu zigawenga zambiri. Mgwirizanowu ndi chitukuko cha njira chonse zinali zovuta kwambiri. atsogoleri Field anachita pa maziko a mavuto awo masomphenya. Tsogolo polimbana Shaposhnikov mwachangu kulenga malangizo ndi mfundo za asilikali wamng'ono. Ndiyamika chitukuko m'munda wa lamulo ndi gulu la General ndodo ya Red anakwanitsa kugonjetsa Denikin mu West ndi ku Crimea.

Pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni

Pambuyo chigonjetso mu Civil nkhondo, Boris amatenga angapo maudindo akuluakulu mu nyumba zosiyanasiyana asilikali. Iye kuchita zinthu sayansi. Iwo akupitiriza kukhala ndi dongosolo malangizo a Red Army. Ndiye nkhani zimenezi ambiri ayankhidwa mu dziko, monga andale ambiri anali maganizo pa zolinga ndi ntchito za Red Army.

Mu 1940 iye anali kupereka mutu wa kulamulira dziko la Soviet Union. Mu chaka chomwecho, polimbana Shaposhnikov watumikira monga Commissar wachiwiri Anthu yomanga Urs (mpanda m'madera). Mu June, gawo la Chief ya ndalama ya. Nawo mu chitukuko cha njira wamba.

yozizira zolawula

M'chaka choyamba cha nkhondo kunapezeka kuti gehena wamoyo kwa Red Army. Wosatha mthunzi yaikulu zomvetsa - onsewa omenyana yotopetsa ndi atsogoleri. M'dzinja 1942 Gudariana kugwirizana wafika Moscow. Chipwirikiti pakati pa anthu itakula. Aliyense anamvetsa bwino lomwe kufunika kwa kanthu mwamsanga. Kumayambiriro January 1942, convenes msonkhano wa mitengo Mtsogoleri Wamkulu. Pa msonkhano umenewu uli m'manja chiyembekezo otsiriza kusintha zinthu ndi kusiya gulu lankhondo la Ulamuliro wa Nazi. Polimbana Boris Shaposhnikov kutulutsa lipoti yaikulu. , Iye anafotokoza dongosolo kukankhira mdani Moscow. Komanso, lipoti amayenera yaikulu njira zolawula pa amadzibisa onse. gawo ili wachititsa mtsutso yaikulu ndi Georgiem Zhukovym ndi atsogoleri angapo.

Zolawula pafupi Moscow ndi kum'mwera

Lang'anani kutaya Nazi ku Moscow analephera. Koma amanyansidwa ambiri anamira mu redoubts a chitetezo German. Anthu ndi luso sanali okwanira. Kubwezeretsa amayenera kuphunzitsidwa zimatiyika bwino. Kuyambira January, ine ndinali kukonza ntchito tiponye Barvinkove m'deralo. Mphamvu za amadzibisa ndi awiri mgwirizano nkhonya kuponyera mdani wa kunyanja. Polimbana Boris Mihaylovich Shaposhnikov zikumangidwa ziyembekezo pa gawo ili la kutsogolo, chifukwa pali chitetezo cha dziko la Germany anali wamng'ono wandiweyani ndi kuswa izo zikhoza kukhala, nalanda mfundo kulamulira. Red Army bogged pansi ndewu zolemera. Gulu akadali unazunguliridwa, koma kwathunthu kuwononga mdani analephera. The Germany nthawi kulenga mfundo Buku m'madera onse, ndi kuwawa yolambalalitsira chitetezo chawo pa flanks lapansi. Ngakhale zomvetsa yaikulu, asilikali a Soviet akadali anakwanitsa pang'ono kukwaniritsa ntchito njira. Mu kusamba kutumiza zotsatira opareshoni, imaunika polimbana Shaposhnikov chuma (chithunzi German udindo chidachitika ndi mpweya kudzera mwa ndege).

Omangidwa mu Donbass, ndipo pa Kharkov a ku Germany anataya mwayi kuponya reinforcements kwa Moscow. Choncho, mu zikomo mfundo kuti Barvinkove Lozova-ntchito anatha kupulumutsa likulu.

Kutha kwa Red Army

Imodzi ndi isanayambike wa South ndi South-Western amadzibisa anayamba zikuluzikulu counterattack pafupi Moscow. Popanda kubwezeretsa yoyenera asilikali German anathyola ndipo anabwerera. Koma kukhala amanyansidwa kwambiri ndipo analephera. Polimbana Boris Shaposhnikov sanayembekezere kugonjetsedwa mu Crimea ndi malo ena ambiri. Kuyambira pa Vyazma mseru wa Red Army kumuyika iye pa kosakhozeka kufikako Rzhev, kumene Nazi anatha kulenga mzere kwambiri yodzitetezera. Choncho, pambuyo mthunzi wa makilomita mpaka 100 a asilikali a ulamuliro wa Hitler kachiwiri zitengere kum'mawa, ndipo tinatha kuwaletsa pa Stalingrad yekha.

M'chaka cha 1942, polimbana B. M. Shaposhnikov anakhala mtsogoleri wa General Wogwila BA. anapeza zochitika anali akali ndi kulemera yaikulu, ngakhale kuti udindo wake womwe anali anapereka Vasilevsky. Iwo ananena kuti Stalin panokha Shaposhnikov anali mu mbiri yabwino. Boris anali ulemu waukulu otchedwa ndi dzina langa. Stalin nthawi inamvera wake ndi mapulani. Ichinso umboni ndi kusankha mtsogoleri dongosolo yozizira amanyansidwa Shaposhnikov, pamene iye anatsutsa Zhukov yekha.

imfa

Atapita 3 Nkhondo (awiri amene ali padziko lonse), kulingalira kudziwa njira kwa ngalande ku Chief ya General Wogwila, polimbana Shaposhnikov, anamwalira ndi matenda mu 1945. Pamaso chigonjetso anali masiku 44 okha ... atachoka kwambiri ntchito ya sayansi, mwa iwo - ". Ubongo usilikali" wotchuka