Mfundo za Ufulu Wachibadwidwe wa Anthu a Russia: mbiri ya chilengedwe ndi tsiku

The Bolsheviks, pambuyo kugonjetseratu tsarist ulamuliro, ndi kuwagwiritsa ntchito zawo zonse ndi zida lonse boma. Chinthu choyamba akuluakulu boma latsopano ayamba kusindikiza zikalata ndi malamulo, mmodzi amene anali kulengeza ufulu wa anthu la Russia. Popeza chakuti dera lachifumu anali anaphatikizidwa limati oyandikana, kunali koyenera kuganizira zofuna za nzika latsopano. Yokhala watsopano Russian dziko anazitcha, ufulu wofanana ndi omangidwa mwa udindo wamba.

Kodi izo zonse zinayamba

Mapangidwe a Soviet opondereza boma kunachitika pansi pa chiphiphiritso cha Kumasuka chilengedwe chikhalidwe. Ambuye awo anali mfulu wamba, pa akazembe - asirikali, capitalists - antchito. Ndi malo amenewa chifukwa chimene Chikalata cha Ufulu wa Anthu a Russia anapanga posachedwapa.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe amadziwikanso zochokera pa mfundo yakuti pa nthawi ya utsamunda, zigawo zosiyanasiyana za anthu amene zinamenyanitsa ndi mnzake. Pali kugawinikana bwino mu mitundu malingana pedigree, ndi buku la likulu banja ndi fuko. Nthawi zambiri, akuluakulu a zigawo zosiyanasiyana za anthu amenewa anali pa nkhondo, ndipo izo zinafika magazi. Bolshevik mfundo yomweyo kunali kuti mitundu yonse ya Russia, onse Yofuna Ufulu Wodzilamulira umoyo ndi zachuma sanali amasiyana Chrixitu. Chotero ukali wa otsatira Lenin a ankaona malo wakuda pa mbiri ya dziko.

The chakudya chachikulu cha bukuli

Lero, kuyang'ana pa mbiriyakale ya dziko lathu, tikhoza kunena motsimikiza mtheradi, kuti ena zochita za mphamvu chikominisi, makamaka magawo koyamba kwa thabwa ake, anali kwambiri kudwala-analangiza. Pakuti osankhika kulamulira zinaonekeratu akamanena za kulengeza ufulu wa anthu la Russia, ndipo iwo akudalira pa mfundo yakuti munthu aliyense wa anthu, mlimi ndi mwini malo, mphamvu ofanana adzakhala kuzimvetsa izi.

The Bolsheviks ankakhulupirira kuti kupereka ufulu kwa anthu onse okhala m'dzikolo, adzasunga iwo, adzakupatsani mwayi kukhala ndi kutukuka. Ndipotu, kunapezeka kuti anthu amene akhala mazana a zaka mu maudindo otsutsa wosiyana, chabe otalikirana ndi uthenga umenewu. Pambuyo pa za Ufulu Wachibadwidwe wa Anthu a Russia chinapatsidwa mphamvu yokhala analengeza, boma Inabuka chisokonezo.

tsiku buku

Panokha, Vladimir Lenin analengeza za Ufulu Wachibadwidwe wa Anthu a Russia November 2, 1917 (Old kalendala). Mtsogoleri anasaina payekha, pamodzi ndi m'malo mwake IV Stalin ndipo ananena mkulu chikalata boma. kulengeza The yosainidwa m'malo mwa Republic of Russia. Dziwani kuti lingaliro ili Commissariat anafika pa July 7 chaka chomwecho, pakutha pa msonkhano woyamba wa Soviet Union mu Petrograd.

Pa msonkhano wachiwiri wa zinthu zonse kukhazikitsidwa lamulo inali kutchulidwa mwatsatanetsatane. Komanso, monga zowonjezerazo ndi anasaina lamulo za dziko, kuwaletsa nzika kusankha zimene aliyense nkhani nkhondo.

Main chakudya cha Declaration ndi

chikalata ichi chinali ngati malangizo malamulo mkati ndi kusintha kwinanso. Zomwe panali mabuku anayi okha, ndipo m'boma tsogolo wogwirizira akuyembekezeka kuwonjezeka mndandanda:

1. Kulingana ndi ulamuliro wa anthu a Russia.
2. anthu onse a Russia ndi ufulu akuti ndi kukhalanso mpaka secession ku zida chapakati boma ndi chilengedwe cha dziko limodzi.
3. Kwathunthu anadula onse achipembedzo, dziko ndiponso ngakhale chikhalidwe zopinga. Kuyambira tsopano, nzika iliyonse ndi ufulu kudzinenera zakukhosi.
4. Onse ing'onoing'ono, ndi mafuko amene anali kukhala m'dera la Russia, ali ndi ufulu wofanana ndi Asilavo zamakolo, ndiko kuti, kwathunthu kuthetsa tsankho.

tanthauzo la

Atangomva za Ufulu Wachibadwidwe wa Anthu a Russia analengeza, zotsatira mmene iye anaonekera yomweyo. Dziko ndisungunuka pamaso pathu, ngati chithunzi. m'madera onse amene kwa zaka olamulira kwambiri anakankhira patsogolo ndi kulumikizana zikuchepa ananena ulamuliro.

Choyamba, amene anasiya Russia anakhala Finland, ndipo Pambuyo maiko Baltic. Ndiye paokha nayamba kulengeza mu Ukraine, komanso m'madera Cossack zonse, mwachitsanzo, mu Zaporozhye ndi Kuban. Otsiriza sakukhudzidwa ndi pakati pa Caucasus, yomwe inali kwenikweni akumenyedwa ndi nkhondo kwa zaka otsiriza zana. Kumuuza choonadi, Bolsheviks anali kuyembekezera zotsatira zosiyana. chisokonezeko amenewa anali chifukwa kusintha zina zimene atengedwa kale chifukwa cha zolakwa inakambidwanso koyambirira.

tsenga zosakhalitsa

Atangobadwa kulengeza ufulu wa anthu la Russia anali pang'ono kusinthidwa. Iwo anali ankaganiza kuti ufulu akhoza kunena anthu okhawo amene mwaufulu limodzi ndi Soviet Union ndipo anatenga udindo wa Republic a. Iwo anali pansi pa makonzedwe chapakati, koma anali woyenera kulemba malamulo awo, kulenga osiyana, mabungwe a m'dera la boma.

Ena Kugwirizana mitundu mwaufulu anasaina zida za inalowa kwa Council, koma mayiko amene kale sakukhudzidwa, m'mbali otsutsana ndi izi.

imagwira asilikali

anthu amene anasiya kusaina zaufulu wa inalowa kwa Union, anali ndi nkhanza asilikali. Pakuti Bolsheviks zinali njira kokha kuti agonjetse gawo limene anthu anagalukira ndipo anasiya zothandizira mipingo yawo awo. Zikuonekeratu kuti pa siteji iyi ya USSR za Ufulu Wachibadwidwe wa Anthu a Russia akhala kalekale. The kuganizira za akuluakulu a anali kugwirizana ndi centralization, ndi oyamba zina za ulamuliro wankhanza. M'madera ena amene anali mbali ya Ufumu, anakana Red Army. Koma, ngati mbiri yasonyeza, zilibe tanthauzo lenileni.

Kuti akwanitse zosiyana onse enieni

Wosatha zipolowe, kufuna kusiya pakati wodzilamulira kulengeza ndi zochita zina zofanana sanali m'gulu madongosolo Council a. Pambuyo Soviet Union anali kale bwino anapanga boma wathunthu ndi wogwirizana ndi Constitution anaonekera zinthu zosiyana maudindo kale lofalitsidwa kulengeza.

Oddly mokwanira, Bolsheviks anabwerera ku mchitidwe wa unitary boma dziko, amene anali yodziwika ndi akapolo anzawo akale, mfumu ya Roma. makonsolo onse unali olumikizidwa mwachindunji boma la Russia, malamulo a mayiko munthu akhoza kumwedwa popanda chilolezo cha Commissioner lapansi. Choncho, mphamvu ina yake yatsopano udzagwera ngakhale wina ndi mzake, kuwatsimikizira anthu za ufulu ndi kutenga nthawi yomweyo. Mu okhwima ulamuliro mayiko unitary ndi opondereza onse Union, monga ife tikudziwira, ndi zaka 70.

Kukwera kwa 1917. pulogalamu sukulu

Nkhanizi zoona, si ovuta voluminous. Kumbukirani mosavuta. Koma wophunzira amene akukonzekera mayeso, muyenera kukumbukira ambiri nthawi ngati zimenezi mu mbiri m'dziko lathu. Kodi mofulumira kuyenda ndi kuyankha funso limene kulalikira za Ufulu Wachibadwidwe wa Anthu a Russia? Mayeso angakupatseni kwenikweni mu mawonekedwe a deti, anayambitsa chikalata ichi kapena nkhani zomwe analengedwa. Ngati m'pofunika kupereka yankho mwatsatanetsatane, ndiye inu mupeza mu funso.

M'pofunikanso kukumbukira kuti nthawi ya Soviet Union mu maiko m'gulu mayanjano ambiri mitundu. Kenako nsonga - bwino. Izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu allocated maudindo ena Choncho, umakhala ufulu.

mwachidule mfundo

1917 kwa Russia mwina inasintha mbiri ya makono. Mu amazipanga nthawi yochepa kuti wasintha angapo boma cha dziko maina, modes ndi mitundu ya gulu anatsatira wina ndi mzake monga zithunzi filimu chete, anthu amene sadziwa ufulu, kenako anamasulidwa kumbali zonse zinayi, ndiye kachiwiri zikumangireni. Mfundo za Ufulu Wachibadwidwe wa Anthu a Russia - yekha dontho mu nyanja malire, zomwe muli mokweza ndi n'kufika dzina - "utasintha".