General Tyulenev: yonena ndi chithunzi

General Tyulenev ndi msirikali wakale wa nkhondo anayi ndi mwini wa nkhondowo dongosolo ndi mendulo ya mayiko anayi. Kuyambira ndili mwana, Ivan Vladimirovich anaganiza kuti adzipereke moyo wake mlandu mosadzikonda ndiponso wakhala anasonyeza mobwerezabwereza mtima ndi ungwazi kunkhondo chifukwa Lathu awo.

General Tyulenev anakhala zinachitika kwa zilembo zazikulu za mabuku angapo ndi nkhani yochepa. Mu Soviet Union, ntchito yake chitsanzo kwa achinyamata. Dzina Tuleneva dzina lake misewu angapo mu Soviet Union.

General Tyulenev: yonena

Ivan Vladimirovich anabadwa mu chimene tsopano ndi dera Ulyanovsk mu 1892. bambo ake anali msirikali wakale wa nkhondo Balkans kuukira ufumu wa Ottoman. Mudzi Shatrashany Ivan Pa sukulu ina. Koma ndiye pali zochitika za 1905, zomwe kwambiri miyoyo ya mtsogoleri m'tsogolo.

Autocratic boma ochuluka kumanga ulamuliro wake pa mmalo osiyanasiyana. Ogwira ntchito zinthu kosati, ndi osawuka achotse dziko. kukula opanduka maganizo a anthu. Popeza zonsezi zifuma chakuti ogwira ntchito St. Petersburg anatumiza kwa Zima Palace kupempha omvera ndi mfumu. Koma asilikali msonkhano kuponderezedwa mwankhanza. zochitika zimenezi zimachititsa kuti kugalukira Unyinji wa kalasi ntchito m'dziko lonselo.

bambo opanduka

Sankasangalala ndi boma, bambo Ivan a m'gulu la zigawenga. Pamodzi ndi opanduka ena, amaika moto chuma cha kalonga m'deralo. Zochitika zimenezi zidzakhudza ndiye mobwerezabwereza kukumbukira chisindikizo ambiri. banja Ivan nthawizonse nkhawa chilungamo ndi ufulu wa anthu awo. Koma pambuyo kulephera kwa atate chiwembu anali kupita kubisala kuthawa chitsutsocho. Ivan anatumizidwa ku Astrakhan, komwe anakonza kuti azigwira ntchito m'minda. Iye umabala nsomba mu Nyanja ya Caspian. Akundichitira bambo kale kumuika udani ulamuliro wa tsarist. Patatha zaka zisanu ntchito mwakhama tsogolo ambiri Tyulenev kubwerera kumudzi kwawo, kumene usilikali.

Chiyambi cha utumiki

Atamaliza kuitana Ivan Vladimirovich anatumizidwa ku Kazan, kumene ankatumikira mu dragoon Regiment. Patapita maphunziro lalifupi anam'tumiza kutsogolo. The First World nkhondo. Nkhondo yoyamba akuyembekezera mnyamatayo pa dera la Ufumu wa Poland. Pa mtsinje Pilica wagawo wake amalowa nkhondo mwamphamvu ndi asilikali Austria. Pambuyo pake iwo wotumidwa ndi Kraków, kumene imachitikanso chitetezo.

The kumenyana pa amadzibisa a World chikugwirizana ndi mabvuto. Chifukwa cha mafakitale osauka a Russian Ufumu sizikuyenda mmene kukumana. asilikali anasamukira pang'onopang'ono, nkhokwe chiyani sanafike pa nthawi. Chosowa nthawi zonse chakudya ndi ngakhale zipolopolo kwa zida zankhondo. Ngakhale izi, tsogolo ambiri Tyulenev kumenyana molimba mtima komanso amasowa. Pa kumenyanako, anakhala ndi Knight wodzala ndi St. George Cross.

Nkhondo Poland

Division Tuleneva anapanga opareshoni kufika mu Panevezys. Pa nkhondo, asilikali anabweretsa zimatiyika, ndi kucheza nawo, adapita zolawula, akuponyera mdani makilomita ochepa. Kenako yotentha apakavalo Division anamenyana pa magombe a Bzura, munali nkhondo yovuta kwambiri lonse kutsogolo. Luso lawo Tuleneva patsogolo ntchito - anakhala chizindikiro, iye Ndipatse platoon.

demobilization

Atabwerera kunyumba Ivan Vladimirovich amaona njala, umphawi, nkhanza za ulamuliro tsarist. Masauzande ambiri anafa mu nkhondo yachilendo chete akulemera kwambiri anthu. Akuyamba October kuukira boma. Mofanana ndi bambo ake, zisindikizo m'gulu la zigawenga.

Bolsheviks anali bwino ankachitira nkhondo anamenyela. Ndipotu, iwo sanali kokha omenyana wapatali, komanso njira yabwino kwa kulimbikitsa anthu. Ivan akumenyana mu East ndi azungu ku Red Alonda. Nthawi yomweyo analamula platoon, iye anadzi- siyanitsa mu nkhondo osati munthu wolimba mtima, komanso kukonzekera mwaluso.

Mu 1918, Bolsheviks anali kukonzanso magawano awo, polenga Red Army. Ivan Vladimirovich anatumizidwa ku Moscow maphunziro refresher. Pambuyo imani ndodo mu formations zosiyanasiyana za nkhondo. Kwenikweni tichipeza mu dipatimenti nzeru. Chikudziwikabe chapatsogolo nkhondo pa dera la Ufumu wakale wa Poland. Nditabwerera kupitiriza maphunziro adalamulira ndi oyenda Regiment.

Mphepo linga la opandukawo

Panthawi imeneyi, chisangalalo kumayambira Kronstadt. Mbali payekha oyeretsa zombo ndi mumzindawo anagwira mpanda wolimba. Panthawi imeneyi dziko yamphongo ya Soviet Union anali kudutsa nthawi yovuta. Pambuyo nkhondo, njala, owonongedwa ndi anatseka misewu zachuma a West ndi mphamvu nkhonya kwa makhalidwe a asilikali ndi antchito. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, ena mwa iwo ponyozera Party Communist la Soviet Union. Ili pafupi powonekera, General Tyulenev Ivan kuweruza opandukawo. Mndandanda wa zofuna zawo m'gulu kubwezeretsa ufulu wochita malonda ndi kupanga Chotsimikizika.

Patapita masiku angapo analephera zokambirana asilikali anadzasokoneza mpanda wolimba. Malinga ndi malipoti ena, kugawanika Ivana Tyuleneva zinachitika pa ayezi. Komabe, olemba mbiri amakono ambiri Nganizilani ichi luso anakopekanso chikominisi ndakatulo. Pambuyo yimitsira la kupanduka Tuleneva kupatsa latsopano apakavalo magawano.

Polish kampeni

Pambuyo kugalukira ndi Ivan Tyulenev akupitiriza maudindo osiyanasiyana mu pansi Ogwira ntchito yomanga 'ndipo Alimi' Red Army. Mu 1939, utsogoleri Soviet wasankha kutenga kum'mawa kwa Poland - gawo yamakono ya Western Ukraine ndi Belarus. The chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri cha atsogoleri September anapereka kalata chinsinsi, lomwe lili ndi malamulo wa boma malire kuwoloka.

M'bandakucha, Red Army amaima mu mwamsanga amasuntha malire Polish. Asilikali Polish samalowa mu kumenyana ndi Red Army, anthu m'dzikoli alibe wotsutsa aliyense. Komabe, ntchito inali yovuta kwambiri, chifukwa Tuleneva akhumi Army anayenera akamagwiritsa maola ochepa kuchokera udindo Wehrmacht.

Pambuyo bwino Polish kampeni Ivan Tyulenev akupitiriza kusuntha masitepe a utsogoleri wolowezana wa asilikali. Mu 1940, pamodzi ndi Zhukov ndi Meretskov chiyanjo munthu wa Stalin yekha alandira ndi chisindikizo ambiri. Education analandira pa Asilikali Academy wa Red Army (1922), timatha iye analamula District usilikali. Mu udindo uwu akukumana ndi chiyambi cha watsopano nkhondoyo.

Great kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo

Mu June 1941, iye anapanga Front Kumwera a asilikali Soviet. M'malo mwa Mkulu wa mlingo amalowerera Tyulenev General Ivan. Pa akunja ukufika yojambula iye wagwira magulu German ndipo Rumanian. Against mazana atatu ndi makumi asanu ndi limodzi zikwi Nazi zankhondo kuika anthu mazana asanu ndi anayi zikwi ndi pafupifupi zikwi ndege.

asilikali Soviet anatha kupereka zomvetsa waukulu mdani, koma zonse kuthawa kum'mawa. The Red Army poyamba ukulu mu mlengalenga, koma Nazi ndege kuchokera masiku oyambirira anayamba bomba airfields, ndege ambiri zinawonongedwa mwachindunji mu hangars. Amene anakhalabe sanathe kuchita utumwi nkhondowo chifukwa cha runways kuonongeka. Powona kuti anali m'mavuto, zisindikizo akupereka dongosolo kuti mupewe kuwoloka mtsinje Dniester. Stalin sanakhutire ndi ambiri, izi zimaonekera mu zolemba zake, lofalitsidwa pambuyo pa imfa ya mtsogoleri wa.

Ngakhale zomvetsa yaikulu ndi mavuto, Tuleneva anakwanitsa kukhalabe okhazikika ndi kupewa mphamvu stampeding zimene zinachitika pa malire a Belarus ndi mayiko Baltic.

mthunzi

Pang'onopang'ono kuthawa asilikali a Soviet anataya gawo. Mfundo lotsatira yodzitetezera - zofunika kwambiri mtsinje Dnepr. Mu mzinda wa Dnepropetrovsk bungwe m'dera mipanda yolimba kwambiri. Gen. Tyulenev amatenga chitetezo pano. Mantha a gulu German analamula Von Kleist - inde a watulukira.

Koma pansi Dneprodzerzhinsk zinapangitsa kuwononga kwambiri. Chimodzi mwa magulu anatenga chitetezo semicircle n'kumachita ankakopa Wehrmacht thanki wedges msampha. Pamene Nazi analowa otchedwa moto thumba, ndimakwiya analidziwitsa za chiyambi cha shelling lapansi. M'dera limeneli, Ajeremani zowawa zomvetsa yaikulu. Komabe, kuli nkhokwe anawalola kunyalanyaza chiwerengero cha anthu amene. Pofika kumapeto kwa dzinja asilikali Soviet kumanzere Dnepropetrovsk kumasula mzinda zaka ziwiri mtsogolo. Pa kumenyana lolemera, General Tyulenev Ivan Vladimirovich anali kwambiri ndiwobvulazidwa. Iye anatumidwa kwa Moscow mankhwala.

malo ankhondo

Pambuyo mankhwala Tyulenev ankayang'anira chilengedwe cha asilikali malo. Pambuyo mapangidwe ake, iye limodzi ndi asilikali kuchita. M'nyengo yozizira 1942, Ivan Vladimirovich anatumizidwa ku Tbilisi, kumene lili likulu la Transcaucasian Front. Nthawi yomweyo akuyamba kusintha likulu. Chitetezo ndi chakale ndipo sanali kukumana ndi zolinga njira. Kumanga kutsogolo kumbuyo, zisindikizo opanda kuthekera kwa yojambula ya Turkey. Yachitika unakhazikitsidwa slozhnodostupnoy lamapiri mtunda. M'nyengo yozizira, mipita ambiri anali chatsekedwa, koma kumuukira anali kuyembekezera chilimwe, pamene chimabisika nzeru kuchokera kudutsa mlengalenga Nazi akanathetsa kudzera lokwera lapansi.

Choncho, kuzizira ndi lolemera kunagwa chipale chofewa Red Army anamanga kuwombera osiyanasiyana. Unali pafupifupi malangizo zotheka mmene. Kenako, kuukira Nazi adzatsimikizira malo mizere tcheru wa Transcaucasian Front.

Nkhondo ya Caucasus

M'chaka cha 1942 ku Germany unkatchedwa tiponye Caucasus. Zotsatira wakhala zofunika kwambiri Hitler, thangwi akhafuna analanda Baku mafuta zitsime kuti kodi akukupangitsani zankhondo wake, onyamula imfa. Malinga ndi cholinga chake, asilikali a ku Germany anali patsogolo imodzi pa Stalingrad ndi Caucasus.

July makumi awiri ndi lachisanu Army Gulu "South" anayamba tiponye Kuban. asilikali Soviet anagonjetsedwa ndipo anayamba abwerere kum'mawa. Mwamsanga tikupita chitsogolo, dziko la Germany kudula kutsogolo ndi anazungulira Red Army, kotero kuti unapatsidwa kwa duu kudutsa Don. Mu August Tyulenev amakankhira asilikali ku malo awo kumbuyo pa Terek. Nkhonyayo zazikulu zinachitika mu Novorossiysk. Mzindawu pafupifupi mwathunthu analandidwa.

counterblow

Chifukwa cha counteroffensive Soviet bwino anakwanitsa kupulula kugonjetsedwa wolemera Romania Army, ndi ogwira imene pafupifupi inawonongedwa. Kumayambiriro September 1942, Anazi anawoloka Terek ndipo anayamba kuyenda pa Mozdok.

asilikali Soviet wotanganidwa chitetezo wamakani, koma anathamangitsidwa pakapita masiku angapo. Transcaucasia anaganiza pa tsogolo la waukulu okulira lokwera. podziteteza okonzeka chisindikizo ambiri. Zochepa chabe mpweya ali ololedwa kukhala ndi luntha mwatsatanetsatane za malo onse zotheka kwa yojambula mdani. M'mapiri detachments ang'ono amene ankachitika kuwombera maudindo ndi kugumula kudutsa zosaneneka. Pa nkhani ya chitetezo kugwa zochitika zapadera zinakonzedwa kaamba ka kugwa kwa miyala yobwerera ukulu wa Nazi. Pa nthawi yomweyo zinachitika nkhondo wamagazi kwa Stalingrad.

Chakumapeto kwa chaka cha 1942 kunachitika nkhondo zoipitsitsa mu Caucasus. Ngakhale nambala yaikulu magulu German umenewu, ndi Tuleneva kutsogolo khama. M'nyengo yozizira ya 1943 anayamba nagonjetsa wa Red Army. Anamasulidwa Novorossiisk ndi Krasnodar, anakonza ntchito yapadera pa ankafika ndi kufalikira mu kumbuyo mdani. Pambuyo kumasulidwa kwa Caucasus ndi Kuban General Tyulenev Soviet Union chinkhoswe mu chitetezo cha kum'mwera kwa dziko la dziko.

Moyo pambuyo nkhondo

Nkhondo itatha, Ivan Vladimirovich unachitikira maudindo m'maboma angapo a asilikali. A ambiri kuyendera lamulolo analowa Tyulenev ambiri unakhazikitsidwa mu 1947. Maphunziro ndi zinachitikira apindulira pa nkhondo zinamupatsa kuchita bwino za mapulani njira ya Red Army. Ivan Vladimirovich Tyulenev anamwalira mu 1978 mu Moscow. Mu Ulyanovsk dera Njira dzina lake, thangwi kweneko ndiye General Tyulenev anabadwa.