Chifukwa Ukraine dzina lake Ukraine? History of Ukraine

Chifukwa Ukraine dzina lake Ukraine? Dzina la dziko lino atamva kotala lotsiriza la zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chiwiri. Nthawi yoyamba anatchulidwa mu opus mbiri "The nthano ya makedzana Zaka", pomwe wolemba limafotokoza nkhani ya imfa ya Prince Vladimir Pereyaslav Glebovich mu 1187. Akuti, "anam'lilira Pereyaslavets onse ... Kumbuyo kwake, Ukraine chisoni kwambiri." Ntchito imeneyi anawulula mfundo "Ukraine", nkhani ya mutu ndi chitukuko dziko. Ndipo patapita zaka ziwiri, mu 118 m, izo zanenedwa za Prince Rostislav, amene anapita "ku Ukraine wotchedwa Galicia".

Funso la Ukraine

Chifukwa Ukraine dzina lake Ukraine? Funso Asayansi yaitali chidwi, koma yankho lomveka bwino izo si lero. Akatswiri ena auza chiyambi cha mawu akuti "m'mphepete" - Akutali ku likulu la chidutswa dera kunja kwa mudzi pa m'mphepete - malire m'deralo. Mu mawu ena - m'dzikolo, zoti Krajina m'dziko kwawo, pafupi mu mzimu dziko, dziko mbadwa. Chiyambi cha dzina Ukraine ali mizu osiyana.

Pano pali lingaliro lina - Ukraine, monga, amachokera ku mawu "ukrayat" (kudula). Mu zina mawu, mawu a Ukraine dzina la boma - chidutswa cha dziko, ukrayany (odulidwa) kuchokera lonse, umene posachedwapa anakhala mmodzi chidutswa (ufulu dziko).

Pali Mabaibulo osiyanasiyana. Chiyambi cha dzina la Ukraine chikugwirizana ndi mawu: m'mphepete Krajina (dziko). Ngakhale kuti palibe kugwirizana chenicheni. Kodi dzina la Ukraine? Pali maganizo osiyana. Asayansi kuphunzira chiyambi cha dzina la - silikudziwika, koma m'kati zikamera ndi maganizo "Ukraine" wakhala nthawi yaitali ndipo anali magawo angapo.

M'mphepete m'malo mumzinda

Mawu "m'mphepete" mwa phindu "gawo, chidutswa cha dziko," kuyambira masiku a chinenero Chisilavo Chakale. Lero, liwu limene likupezeka mu zinenero zambiri Asilavo, chifukwa mafuko Asilavo nthawizonse ndakhala dziko yambacita malire zachilengedwe - mtsinje, nkhalango, chithaphwi. Chifukwa mawu amenewa analinso kwambiri - malire a dera, chiyambi kapena mapeto a dziko mafuko.

Achokera dzina la Ukraine, n'zochititsa chidwi kwambiri. Mu Old nthawi Chisilavo anabadwa mawu Krajina (dziko) mu mtengo - gawo limene wa fuko la. Pafupi ndi mawu akuti "m'mphepete" m'chilankhulo wakale Asilavo analipo mawu "kubedwa", kutanthauza - odulidwa kuchokera pa chidutswa cha chidutswa akutali a dziko, kumalire kwambiri ya m'dziko la fuko lakutali.

Krajina

Ndipo n'chifukwa Ukraine dzina lake Ukraine? Funso ndi chidwi kwambiri. Zinali kokha pambuyo pake pakati pa Asilavo kum'mawa akuti "kubedwa" ndi suffix zinatha Ukraine panali mawu chofunika - chidutswa akutali a dziko, m'madera akumidzi a fuko. M'zaka VI-VIII, nthawi ya Russ Mphamvu kudzaza mawu "Krajina", ndi Ukraine zasintha. Koma chifukwa Ukraine dzina lake Ukraine? Mawu "Krajina" ndi mtengo - m'dziko la fuko, anayamba zikutanthauza - dziko la ukulu ang'onoang'ono, ndiyeno - dziko la Lazaro. Choncho anasintha ndi zoti mawu Ukraine: malo a kulowa - wapotalikira gawo la fuko la dziko lapansi, ndi mtengo - gawo contiguous wa dziko la ukulu ang'onoang'ono, ndiyeno - gawo m'dziko la Lazaro.

ukulu

Mu nthawi ang'onoang'ono a Kievan Lazaro, pamene linayamba amakadula ku Duchy, mawu akuti "Ukraine" yafika amatanthauza "ukulu". Tiyeni tione onse yemweyo, amene anabwera dzina la Ukraine. Asayansi ndi maganizo osiyana a mawu Ukraine: Kiev ngati malire ndi gawo dziko la Pereiaslav dziko, dzina la Ukraine chifukwa m'mphepete pa dziko Polovtsian; ngati Russia mu kalembedwe wa maukulu osiyana alipo; ngati zonse Lazaro kwathunthu Kievan. Koma, nthawi zambiri, ndi mbiri wotchedwa Ukraine kokha Pereyaslavskaya pansi. Basi osati chifukwa anali kumalire ndi steppe Polovtsian, ndi chifukwa chakuti panali ukulu osiyana, dziko palokha (Krajina).

Ukraine - dziko

Dziko dzina Ukraine, dziko, anaonekera pa nthawi. Ndiyeno, kuwonjezera Pereyaslavska Ukraine Ukraine anali osiyana ndi maukulu alipo ndipo ena palokha Ukraine. Ukraine pano mu mphamvu ya dziko - Pereyaslavskaya dziko Kiev dziko ndi zina zotero.

Amadziwika ku Mbiri, umene umati "Prince Rostislav kulipira kudzacheza ku Ukraine, wotchedwa Galicia ndipo kuchokera kumeneko anapita Galich." Kuti mau "Ukraine" kutanthauza osiyana dziko, ndi ukulu osiyana, bwino lomwe kuyambira mafotokozedwe ano.

History of Ukraine anati pamodzi ndi mawu akuti "Ukraine" anakhala ndi mawu akuti "zilankhulo" - mbali ya malire m'mayiko mafuko. mawu awa sanali chinthu chomwecho, koma osiyana tanthauzo: "Ukraine" (Dzina la State) - ili ndi gawo laling'ono la dziko la fuko, "zilankhulo" - kumalire dziko la fuko, ndiyeno ang'onoang'ono ukulu.

Lithuania ndi Poland

Kuyambira m'ma hafu XIV kuchuluka maufumu Kiev Lazaro, amene kenako anapanga anthu Chiyukireniya, kubwera pansi umwini Lithuania ndi Poland. Kuyambira pamenepo, dzina la Ukraine ndipo wakhala ntchito m'madera wagwa pansi mphamvu. Pansi Lithuania anali Chernihiv, Kyiv, Pereiaslav ndipo ambiri Volyn ukulu, ndipo anaitana onse Lithuania Ukraine ndi Poland anali pansi Galich, Volyn ndi mbali ya dziko amatchedwa Polish Ukraine.

Mkubwela kwa dziko Dnieper Cossacks ankatchedwa Cossack Ukraine. History of Ukraine za limati mu nyimbo - "o mapiri, m'zigwa, pa Cossack Ukraine ..."

Khmelnitsky

Mu nthawi ya nkhondo ya Ukrainians motsutsa Zitsulo motsogozedwa Bogdana Hmelnitskogo (zaka 1648-1654) Ukraine Zaporozhye anatiitana, si dziko lokha, koma onse Dnieper. Ambiri mwina, kuyambira Ukraine anayamba kuitana dziko lonse. Ndiye dzina ili linafalikira m'mayiko East Asilavo, komanso Slobozhanschyna kuti nthawi pang'ono ankatchedwa Sloboda Ukraine. A m'mayiko kumadzulo kwa nthawi yaitali ankatchedwa Yairo, koma posakhalitsa anakhala dzina la Ukraine mbadwa kwa anthu a mitundu yonse Ukrainians boma.

History mawu

Ukraine - kumene dzina, uchokera kuti? Lingaliro pachiyambi cha chirengedwe Ukraine adzakhale lingaliro lawo, yomwe ogwirizana ndi m'mayiko mzake monga Polissia Sivershchyna, Sloboda, beseni Donets, dera Black Sea, Volyn, Podolia, Bukovina Carpathian ndi Transcarpathia.

Choncho n'kofunika kwambiri kuti Ukrainians anali kuti mawu akuti "Ukraine" zikutanthauza dzina la dzikoli, analengedwa ndi Bogdanom Hmelnitskim. Mosakayikira, ngakhale amene m'mphepete mwa Russian Ufumu, izo sizinali. Ngati m'mphepete, n'kutheka, mzinda wa mafuko Asilavo. Ndipotu, kum'mawa Asilavo wotanganidwa monga dziko muyeso wa Asilavo. Choncho, ngati inu mumawerengera mphepete mwa Ukraine, mphepete mwa amitundu Asilavo.

nkhani

History ... Izi ndi mawu timamva tsiku ndi tsiku, koma sizisonyeza pa gravitas wake. Chifukwa chakuti Ukraine ufulu wodzilamulira, Ukrainians achita chidwi ndi mbiri ya anthu ake. Ndipotu yekha chidziwitso cha m'mbuyomu zingakuthandizeni kumvetsa panopa ndi kumanga tsogolo labwino. Yofunika kwambiri kudziwa mbiri yake, ankaimba memos opulumutsidwa. Ndi kusunga kukumbukira mbiri ya anthu mpaka kalekale m'mibadwo yanu ndi kuliphunzira akutchedwa zakale.

Mbiri ya Ukraine ndi anthu zokhala m'dera limeneli, inayambira kalelo. Kuyimitsa anthu oyamba kwambiri zinali kuonekera pa dera la palokha Ukraine mazana ambiri a zaka zapitazo, mu Early Paleolithic. Man otvoovyval m'makhalidwe madera awa ndi chirengedwe cha subsoil ndi. Mitundu wosazindikira la kusonkhanitsa nyama ndi kupha nsomba, anasamukira ku ntchito pa ulimi ndi nyama husbandry. A chizindikiro zofunika kwambiri mu mbiri zovuta oimira Chiyukireniya kumanzere Tripoli chikhalidwe IV-III m'ma BC. Tripoltsy anali mamembala ambiri yotukuka mtundu wa anthu mu nthawi Neolithic. Iwo makamaka chinkhoswe mu ulimi, mbiya ndi kumanga. Chifukwa cha yowonjezera wongosamukasamuka ndi kuzirala kwa nyengo, chikhalidwe pang'onopang'ono mbisoweka. Kenako, m'madera Chiyukireniya ankakhala ndi Sarmatians, ndi kemmeriytsy, ndi Asikuti. A amadza waukulu kwambiri pa mitundu ya anthu imene inkakhala ku expanses lalikulu la Ukraine, anali Greek dziko.

East Asilavo

Kum'mawa Asilavo mizu ya lero si makamaka kuphunzira. Predslavyansky nyengo chifukwa maonekedwe pa kumanja banki nkhalango-steppe Dnieper Zarubintsy chikhalidwe, amene ali limodzi kwa onse Asilavo. Asilavo timakumbukira loyamba mu ntchito za Tacitus, Ptolemy lotchedwa "Wends". Iwo ankakhala m'dera Baltic Sea. Ndiye, mkati mwa ine Zakachikwi BC ku wends wolemekezeka magulu awiri a Asilavo - Antes ndi sklaviany. Antes kuti litatenga dera ku Danube pa Nyanja ya Azov ndipo anafika kum'mawa nthambi ya Asilavo. Iwo makamaka chinkhoswe mu ulimi ndi nyama husbandry. Iwo ankagulitsa ndi mizinda ya kumpoto Black Sea-Luntha ndi mayiko Arab. andale za dziko anali demokalase. Kutsogolera dziko, Prince ndipo kapitawo. Koma m'pofunika kwambiri dziko anaganiza Veche - Assembly anthu.

Kuyambira cha m'ma VII, payenera ndimakumbukira Asilavo. Asilavo oyambirira anakakhala makamaka m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi nyanja. Kanyumba adasanduka za mtengo ndi dothi. chipangizo anali mafuko ndale akuda. Land anali makamaka lalikulu mtundu - mayanjano wa umutu wa bloodline. maganizo Public oyambirira Asilavo yodziwika ndi kusintha kwa wosazindikira kwa pedigree asilikali. Ndiye mphamvu imafalikira ndi cholowa. Moyo ndi ntchito ya kum'mawa Asilavo wakhala ukudalira chilengedwe ndi banja. Izi anakhazikitsa maziko Asilavo chikhalidwe.

chikhalidwe

Popular chikhalidwe wachita ntchito pa miyambo ya anthu Chiyukireniya. Mu masiku akale, pamene nsonga za anthu ang'onoang'ono anatengera Chikatolika ndi chikhalidwe European, ndi pamwamba pa alonda Cossack anakhala Russified, Chiyukireniya alimi anayamba popanda dziko osankhika chikhalidwe. Only misa anali kunyamula chikhalidwe, umene panthawi imeneyo unali dziko. Mbuto ikulu mu chikhalidwe pakati nthano ndicho miyambo wowerengeka ndi mtundu. Zonsezi ndi bwino kwambiri kuti awonekere mu wowerengeka songs, m'Chiarabu. Ndiyamika anthu, zinali zotheka kulera Chiyukireniya chikhalidwe mu zaka XVI-XVII ndi chitsitsimutso cha m'ma XIX.

Ambiri aluso Ukrainians achititsa kuti Polish, Russian, chikhalidwe dziko lonse. Izi zinali zotheka kuyamika dongosolo maphunziro chosiyana chifukwa chimene anthu anali zambiri ndi kulemba. Komanso chachikulu chinali mbali ya Ukraine-Yairo monga likulu la Chikhristu mwa East Asilavo. Dongosolo maphunziro apamwamba wakhala makamaka otukuka. chikhalidwe Chiyukireniya uli wotseguka kwa dziko, panalibe kumayiko ena ndipo panopa anthu. A chopereka zikuluzikulu cholowa dziko linapangidwa ndi nzeru ena zimenezi, olemba ndakatulo ndi umunthu wotchuka ngati poto, Prokopovich, Kulish, Shevchenko ndi ena ambiri.

M'mayiko ena a ku Ulaya mavuto a umphawi, matenda, umbuli zingagonjetsedwe ndi patsogolo luso, ndi thandizo la Mafumu a gawo lapansi. Ndipo mu Ukraine, anaitana kudziletsa chidziwitso, ufulu, amene mukhoza kusiya umoyo anatuluka kuti kutsogolo moyo wauzimu. Pakali pano, njira zimenezi ndi zofunika kwambiri kwa anthu onse. Choncho ngakhale pamene panali dzina la Ukraine, ngati kuti palibe amene anganene, koma kuti awa anali panthawi yofunika mtundu waukulu - n'zotheka kunena molimba mtima.