Mbiri ya chitukuko cha Internet ndi imelo

Mbiri ya chitukuko Intaneti ku mapeto a makumi asanu, pamene iye ankagwira ntchito m'badwo wachiwiri wa makompyuta mu dziko. Kunja mgwirizano wa mayiko pakati pa USSR ndi mphamvu dziko chitsogozo cha United States akankhidwira latsopano kafukufuku zofunika kuti ateteze ndi kupereka mfundo molondola.

US Department a silikhali wakhala anayambitsa chitukuko loyamba la pa Intaneti computer, ndi amene anayamba mbiri Intaneti. Iwo mwachangu nawo asayansi anayi wotchuka yunivesite ya America. kompyuta chikugwirizana kwa ARPANET mu 1969 - woyamba maukonde kompyuta.

ARPANET mwamsanga anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito osati asilikali, komanso akatswiri pa ntchito zosiyanasiyana za sayansi. Seva poyamba anaonekera mu University of California (Los Angeles), kompyuta anali RAM 24 KB. Chigawo choyamba chinachitika mu October 1969 ndi Institute ndi Research pa Stanford, amene anakhala Charli Klayn ndi Bill Duvall.

Mu 1971, mwayi kutumiza e-mail, monga pulogalamu yapadera yapangidwa. M'tsogolo, mbiri ya ogwiritsa imelo kukankhira chilakolako kukuza M'maso kulankhulana.

Patapita chaka chimodzi, ARPANET anakhala padziko lonse, ogwirizana patelefoni chingwe UK ndi Norway. Mu makumi asanu ndi awiri, woyamba kompyuta maukonde anali ntchito makamaka ngati forwarder makalata.

Mu 1983, a ARPANET unali wolunjika kwa Internet akuti ndi ankalamulira dzina System amapezeka mu chaka chamawa.

Mbiri ya chitukuko cha Internet anapitiriza chilengedwe Intaneti zina, zomwe ndi zochokera protocol kutengerapo deta. A udindo wapadera ndi anagwira ntchitoyi, Dzhon Postel, amene anayambitsa ndi yovomerezeka ndondomeko angapo maukonde: IP, ICMP, TCP, UDP, Telnet, FTP, DNS.

Mu 1984, zikuoneka ndi NSFNet Intercollegiate Network, womwenso ina ing'onoing'ono maukonde chaka anagwirizana zikwi khumi kompyuta.

1988 chinali chaka cha chitukuko cha macheza, ndi protocol zimene zinathandiza zenizeni nthawi kulankhulana.

Mu Mipingo mochedwa mbiri ya chitukuko Intaneti anapezanso mayina atsopano. Tim Berners-Lee, wasayansi wa ku Britain amene anayamba ndi HTTP protocol, chinenero HTML, ndi dzina la Uri, akufuna mu 1989 lingaliro la World Lonse Web (Www).

Mu 1990, woyamba kompyuta maukonde wapita ku m'bwalolo Internet, ndi a World Lonse Web ndi 1995, wakhala katundu akuluakulu a nkhani pa intaneti.

Panopa dziko ndi zodabwitsa popanda Intaneti. Pezani mfundo zothandiza, kugula, ntchito, zosangalatsa - n'zovuta kutchula zothekera zonse amalumikizana lonse.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe cha imelo palibe zochepa zosangalatsa kuposa mbiri pa Intaneti. Mu 1965, Tom Van Vleck ndi Noel Morris njira yoyamba pulogalamu Mail. M'tsogolo, kulenga masiku chifaniziro imelo magwiridwe anayesetsa asayansi ena:

- Ray Tomlinson - wapadera positi progorammy ndi oyamba a @ chizindikiro, amene chikugwirizana dzina wosuta ndi dzina ankalamulira ku keyala.

- Larry Roberts - pulogalamu analenga ndi kusanja mndandanda makalata.
- Stiv Uolker - woyamba yamakalata

- Dzhon Vittal - makalata pulogalamu, zomwe mwayi kulemba reply anu uthenga analandira, makalata ndi otumizira makalata.

chochitika Azimayi anali mu 1976, pamene a British Mfumukazi Elizabeth II kwa nthawi yoyamba mpata makalatawo.

Kwa zaka zitatu, imelo wakhala kwambiri otchuka. Lero ali ndi udindo waukulu ku poyerekezera ndi zina njira zambiri kufala pa Intaneti. mapulogalamu amalola kulumikiza kulikonse mu dziko lonse kuchokera kompyuta, osati kutumiza meseji komanso zina owona. E-mail anabwera mfundo monga "emoticons", "sipamu" ndi "tizilombo".