Apadera Nkhondo ya Grengam chilumba

M'mbiri ake ufumu Russian anafuna kupeza mwayi kwa Nyanja Baltic , ndipo chifukwa cha izi, osati kulowa nkhondo ndi limati oyandikana. M'ma 18 anali nazonso.

Great kumpoto nkhondo

Kuyambira m'ma 18, ndi Russian unali pa nkhondo ndi Sweden (tsiku la Wamkulu kumpoto nkhondo: . 02/22/1700 - 10/09/1721 gg). Poyembekezera mapeto a nkhondo, itatha yoyamba chachikulu panyanja chigonjetso pa Nkhondo ya Russia Gangut, British itakula mphamvu zawo ndi mayiko amalandira rapprochement ndi asilikali a Sweden. English panyanja mgwirizano ndi Sweden anali poyankha kwambiri pa Russian zombo.

Ophunzira a nkhondo

Kumpoto nkhondo Russia anagwira Mgwirizano ndi Poland, Denmark ndi Saxony ndi Sweden (northbound) ndi Ottoman (kum'mwera), amene panthawi ya nkhondo anagwirizana England ndi zombo wake. Russian mkulu Petro, a asilikali amene lotsogoleredwa ndi ndewu ku mbali iliyonse - Galitzine, Sheremetev ndi Apraksin. Kuyambira ogwirizana - August II, ine ndi Georg Fridrih Vilgelm. Iwo anali otsutsa ndi la Swedish Mfumu Karl XII ndi Ottoman Sultan Ahmed III.

Azambiriyakale kupereka ziyenera wosanganiza wa nawo kumpoto nkhondo Chiyukireniya Cossacks ngati Cossacks woyamba kutsogoleredwa ndi Ivanom Mazepoy anali kumbali ya Peter, ndipo pambuyo Karl XII walonjeza kuti amasule dziko Chiyukireniya, ndinapita ku asilikali a Sweden.

Chigonjetso loyamba la nyanja

M'chaka cha 1714 ku Russian zombo lotsogoledwa ndi avant-garde, limene linali pansi pa lamulo la Peter Wamkulu, anagonjetsa Swedish zombo pa Cape Hanko. atsogoleri Russian kulanda nthawi pamene asilikali a Sweden n'kulanda, anakakamizika kugawanitsa zombo wake mbali ziwiri. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, magulu a Russia oletsedwa zombo Swedish kumbuyo asilikali Erenshelda. Iwo anakana kuti adzipereke, ndi Peter inalamula kuti aukire.

Kuthana Gangut kumatha nkhani ya invincibility wa asilikali a Sweden, ndipo chinali chiyambi cha mndandanda wa nkhondo asilikali bwino. July 27, 1714 - tsiku la Great kumpoto nkhondo, kudziwa zoona zake patsogolo, ndipo adzakulimbikitsani malo Finland.

kuphatikiza la zotsatira

patapita zaka zingapo zombo Russian anatha kubwereza panyanja wake wanzeru ayendetsa mu 1714. Kumapeto kwa July 1720 monga mwa dongosolo la Peter Mtsogoleri Wamkulu wa Russian zombo Navy General Golitsyn patsogolo polimbana ndi Swedish wachiwiri-asilikali Sheblata, amene analamulira squadron. Russian kupalasa zombo anasonkhana Gulf wa Bothnia, ndi galleys oposa 50 ndipo pang'ono kuposa maboti khumi. Ambiri, zombo Russian akhala okonzeka ndi mfuti makumi asanu awiri ndi asilikali khumi zikwi zida zokonzeka kumenyana onse pa madzi ndi pa dziko.

Ngakhale chapamwamba n'zosangalatsa kumva za zombo Swedish (koma asilikali airborne anali pafupifupi zikwi), General Golitsyn yaikulu malo mu khwalala kuwoloka Flisesund ntchito. Zombo Russian lili semicircle ndi, okonzeka kukumana zombo mdani. asilikali A pang'ono kale Russian ngati nyambo anamasulidwa ku nyanja. Asilikali a Sweden n'kulanda anathamangira kwa detachment ndi ambushed. frigates awiri nawo anawalondola, inavutika ndi kuonongeka pamene kutsekereza kayendedwe zina za frigates awiri ndi liniya Swedish sitimayo. Russian kupalasa galleys anali zambiri kuuluka ndi mosavuta anapambana osaya, kutifotokozera zina muyezo wa mphamvu pa nthawi imene kunali nkhondo panyanja mu Grengam chilumba.

Pa nkhondo, ndi paratroopers Russian anakwera frigates anayi okha. Chotero udakali zosayembekezereka amanyansidwa atakulungidwa mu Swedish bulu ndege. Malinga ndi ziwerengero ambiri, zomvetsa analipo oposa zana asilikali a Sweden n'kulanda anapha asilikali anayi anatengedwa ukapolo. Pa nthawi yomweyo nkhondo pa chilumba cha Grengam anapha anthu 82 mwa asilikali Russian, anthu mazana awiri anali mkaidi Swedish.

The zotsatira za nkhondo kumpoto kusaina Pangano la Nystad

July 27, 1720 Chirasha Swedish panyanja nkhondo Grengam chilumba anakhala mbiri nkhondo monga nkhondo, kuti imathandizira pa mapeto a Pangano la Nystad zinathera kumpoto nkhondo. A pangano mtendere anathetsa yaitali kumpoto nkhondo ndi zabwino kwa Russian Ufumu ndi zoipa kwa Sweden.

Malinga ndi pangano lawo, Russia umasamutsidwa ku "chuma chosatha" cha Republic of Karelia, ndi nyanja ku Vyborg kuti Riga, ndiyo Gulf lonse la Finland, ndi dziko walandira mwayi aziti iyeyu n'ngwabwino ku Nyanja Baltic. Sweden, Russia amayenera kubwerera ku Finland ndi kulipira ngongole anthu kuchuluka kwa rubles miliyoni. Pambuyo mapeto a mgwirizano Nishtadt mu 1721. Sweden watwya mphamvu zake zakale. Mu 1723 Sweden anayamba rapprochement ndi Russia mu chiyembekezo kuti ayambenso gombe Baltic, nsembe wogwirizana ndi England.

Mu Russia, mapeto a dziko chikondwerero cha amasulidwe Mendulo chamadzulo ndi maphwando wolemera. Nkhondo pa chilumba cha Grengam anabweretsa mphamvu ya asilikali Russian ndi bulu ndi mlingo watsopano, ndi nkhondo ophunzira anapatsidwa golide ndi siliva mendulo. Nishtadt mwagwirizana pangano kungakupatseni Amnesty onse koma Cossacks, amene adampereka Peter ndi mbali ndi Karl. Pali anali kuukitsa funso la chipembedzo, monga m'madera oyamba Sweden, amene anawoloka Russia, anayambitsa ufulu wa chipembedzo.