Anisotropy - ndi chiyani ichi? Khama ndi tanthauzo

Nkhani limanena kuti anisotropy - ndi lochitira ena kuchuluka thupi amaona pamodzi madera osiyana a olimba. Ananena kuti chimachititsa anisotropy, kumene litakumananso, mmene tingagwiritsire ntchito. Komanso mwachidule akulongosola anisotropy china.

Khama la anisotropy ndi

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi tanthauzo la mfundo imeneyi. Anisotropy - kusiyana pakati pa katundu ndi magawo a chinthu madera osiyana. Likukhalira pang'ono zovuta kuzimvetsa ndi mwachionekere amafuna kufotokoza. Pansi katundu zikutanthauza makhalidwe chilichonse thunthu - kusinthasintha, mathamangidwe phokoso, refractive index, matenthedwe madutsidwe, magetsi madutsidwe. Choncho, mwachitsanzo, chifukwa mathamangidwe phokoso anisotropy - ndi chodabwitsa pamene transversely changati chimwalacho mafunde phokoso kufalitsa pa liwiro wosiyana kuposa pamodzi. Pankhaniyi, chuma ichi Zimathandizanso kudziwa mitundu, kunachitika mu kuya kwa matanthwe a pansi padziko. A kutambasuka chilengedwe cha chivomezi, mwachitsanzo, kapena mwapadera analenga amphamvu nkhonya adzakupatsani lingaliro la kachulukidwe ndi mbali ya yatsoka mchere osiyana.

The anisotropy ndi chifukwa?

Pa kutchula mawu akuti kaŵirikaŵiri limatanthauza anisotropy a galasi ndi. Chigawo chino amachita ndi sayansi ya zolimba. Ndipo wophunzira aliyense wa luso makamaka amadziwa katundu ndi zinthu zimadalira osati pa mfundo zimene zikhale za maatomu, koma kuti ndi chimene mbali pakati pa maatomu izi zimene ogwirizana. Ndipo Chofunika, iwo amadalira gulu chosokonekera ya kapangidwe chifukwa. A okwana makumi awiri. The chosokonekera gulu limasonyeza angati ndi zimene kayendedwe umupereke kuti zinthu zomwezo ziri superimposed ndi lifanane kwathunthu. Zimenezi zimaphatikizapo: wa kasinthasintha za olamulira a (by njira yeniyeni), kusinkhasinkha ndi ndege kapena mfundo inversion. Chosokonekera gulu ndipo ikusonyeza kodi anisotropy timibulu. Zinthu ndi dongosolo kiyubiki Mwachitsanzo, alibe chuma ichi. Magawo zolimba ngati ali ofanana mbali zonse.

Kodi ngodya M'pofunika anisotropy chiyani?

Tanena anapereka chitsanzo, pamene Wofalitsa phokoso sali yemweyo mbali zosiyana yopingasa. Iyi ndi nkhani yapadera ya mmene kusonyeza anisotropy ya katundu, ndilo lotchedwa akuti "orotropiya". Komabe, chosokonekera cha galasi la si kiyubiki kapena rhombic. Ndi trigonal pamene kubwereza zinthu structural kumachitika pamene akutembenukira pa bwalo lachitatu, kapena hexagonal, pamene kasinthasintha ngodya ndi wofanana ndi chimodzi chimodzi mwa bwalo. The chosokonekera wa gulu wotsikitsitsa, monoclinic, zimathandiza katundu kuti zosiyanasiyana mu galasi ndi atatu malangizo matanthauzo perpendicular. Choncho, anisotropy - khalidwe crystalline zolimba, zomwe angasonyeze mwanjila iliyonse mu ndege imodzi, ndipo m'katikati.

Kodi katundu onse ayenera anisotropy?

Funso limeneli ndi lomveka. Ngati chuma mu galasi izi anisotropic, kaya magawo ena anamutsatira? Sankhula. Mwachitsanzo, makhiristo, amene ntchito popanga zipangizo usiku m'masomphenya. Iwo amatha kutembenuza wosaoneka infuraredi kuwala mu osiyanasiyana kuonekera (zambiri zopezera chithunzi cha mithunzi osiyanasiyana wobiriwira). Mu zinthuzi, ndi anisotropy - chuma zofunika kuti ndi oyenera ntchito ndipo zingakhale zothandiza. Komanso, mmene kukhala yabwino, timibulu ayenera zimayenda pa ngodya anakonzeratu (chifukwa cha zimenezi makamaka kukula mu njira zina). Mu ena a ku cheza kutembenuka zochepa kapena ayi konse. Mu nkhani iyi, madutsidwe ikukhudzana liwiro la phokoso , kapena electrodiffusion iwo ntchito uniformly mbali zonse. Komanso zimachitika kuti munthu chuma kusiyana makhalidwe ake ngodya wina ndi mzake, - wina. Koma Nthawi zosowa ndithu.

Kodi chinanso anisotropy ndi?

Pamene munthu walandira "timibulu" Nthawi zambiri akuganizira mipiringidzo translucent wa khwatsi kapena ametusito. Atsikana ena mwina kuganiza za zodzikongoletsera. Komabe, Krustalo akhoza kukhala olimba. Zamgululi zachitsulo, zotayidwa, mkuwa, tini kwambiri, zigwirizana ndi timibulu, koma ochepa. Ndipo aliyense zinthu izi pa mlingo yaying'ono ndi ananena anisotropy wa zitsulo. Komabe, katundu, omwe amafalitsidwa ndi malangizo perpendicular m'njira zambiri, kwenikweni, ndipo tsiku ndi tsiku padera. Mwachitsanzo, mu timibulu kiyubiki chitsulo ndi moduli zotayidwa Young wa elasticity zimasiyana ndi olamulira osankhidwa. A kuwonjezeka liniya malata losiyana mu madera osiyana kuwirikiza kawiri. Komabe, zinthu ngati nthawi zambiri safunikira kuganizira tsiku lililonse. Ndipotu anisotropy zitsulo ndi zotsatira zake zambiri anaika mu ntchito zawo zonse n'zotheka kwa gawo kapangidwe ka zinthu, nyumba, ndege, makina.

Kodi kuwerengera anisotropy?

Chirichonse cholembedwa pamwamba, tikuyembekezera kuuza owerenga ndi bwino zokwanira kuti anisotropy izi. Komabe, pali funso lina: mmene kuwerengera mmene katundu pamodzi mumaganiza za divergent mu zolimba? Pakuti ichi koyefishienti wa anisotropy. Kumayambiriro kwa aliyense phindu ilo masamu mosiyana. Indicators akukumana anisotropy angakhale osiyana Chrixitu. Kapena makina katundu kachitidwe kwadzidzidzi amasiyana kuona zomwe zili zovomerezeka kwa wina ndi mzake adzakhala impracticable kapena zosatheka. Choncho, kulankhula za ena wamba chinthu chimodzi kukula kulikonse Sikuti. Komanso, nthawi zambiri masamu theoretically si zotheka mtengo uwu analandira empirically. anisotropy koyefishienti ukulu limapangidwa chiŵerengero cha mfundo anaphunzira ku madera osiyana. Nthawi zina chithunzi zimenezi zimaphatikizapo makona pakati pa mayendedwe anasankha. Komabe, nthawi zambiri okha monga chizindikiro pansi pa mtengo. Mwachitsanzo, K _xy limasonyeza kuti chiŵerengero umenewu akunena za kusiyana kwa mfundo thupi kuchuluka pamodzi ndi X ndi Y nkhwangwa.