Femur: kapangidwe, ntchito, kuwonongeka

Kutalika chachikulu cha fupa tubular thupi la munthu ndi femur. NKHANI mafupa onse yaitali - ndi kukhalapo kwa thupi ndi malekezero awiri.

Location mutu wa fupa zachokera mapeto chapamwamba proximal wa, akutsimikizira kulumikiza mafupa m'chiuno. Malangizo medially ndi upwardly Yodziwika nkhope ya mutu, otchedwa olowa. Pa malo ake ndi fovea mutu femoral za thupi, ndi malo wopita Mitsemphayi polumikiza mafupa. Mutu ndi khosi akulowa thupi la fupa, kupanga nazo makona a madigiri zana ndi makumi atatu.

Pakhosi ndi thupi la malire ndi iwiri ikuluikulu Bony protuberance, wotchedwa malovu. Location wa trochanter wamkulu ali pamwamba pake medial, moyang'anana khosi, trochanteric fossa. Iye ali pamwamba ndi laterally. The trochanter wamng'ono ili medially ndi posteriorly padziko m'mphepete m'munsi mwa khosi. Awiri awa ali trochanter intertrochanteric mzere kulumikiza iwo kumbuyo, wotchedwa intertrochanteric Crest.

The femur, kapena m'malo thupi lake, mawonekedwe cylindrical, amene ali yokhota kumapeto otukukira kunja mbali ya kutsogolo, ndi kuzungulira olamulira kotenga, zikuwoneka ngati wokhotakhota. fupa thupi yosalala pamwamba, kumbuyo uko ndi mzere umene uli pang'ono akhakula, ndipo lagawidwa milomo iwiri - medial ndi lateral. Pakati femur ndi zikugwirizana milomo kwambiri, ndipo malangizo chapamwamba ndipo m'munsi, iwo anayamba mogwirizana. milomo onse akuuzidwa kuti trochanter wa - yaikuluikulu. Ofananira mlomo ukuwonjezeka ndipo thicker zambiri, pambuyo kudutsa mu gluteal tuberosity, omwe ndi malo amene amamangirira kwambiri gluteal minofu. Nthawi zina amatenga mawonekedwe tuberosity wa trochanter lachitatu. medial mlomo kwasanduka mzere akhakula. Kufika kumapeto apansi femur ndi milomo iwiri mogwirizana, kupanga popliteal pamwamba ndi makona mawonekedwe.

Mapeto wapotalikira la fupa ndi pang'ono anawonjezera n'kupanga condyles awiri akuluakulu anamaliza mawonekedwe. condyles osiyanasiyana kukula ndi digiri ya kupindika padziko articular.

The condyle medial wa lateral zikuluzikulu n'chochepa. condyle Pa mlingo chomwecho, iwo anasiyanitsidwa ndi kumbuyo pakati pa dzenje, ndilo lotchedwa intercondylar. Pamwamba pa medial condyle articular pamwamba ali epicondyle medial, ndi mbali lateral ndi condyle lateral ali epicondyle, amene kukula kwambiri kakang'ono kuposa medial lapansi. Patsogolo onse condyles pamalo awo olowa mu mzake. Izi mitundu suprapatellaris concave pamwamba imene amamangiriridwa mbali kumbuyo kwa patella lapansi.

Popeza femur mafupa ndi fupa waukulu ndi ambiri poyera kuti deformations zosiyanasiyana. The aakulu ambiri a iwo wosweka. Pamene wosweka kukhulupirika anatomical mafupa - ichi ndi fupa lothyoka. Chifukwa angakhale osiyana: kukumenya mwachindunji mu ntchafu, dontho la zinthu olimba ndi zina. Ngati femur wosweka, ndiye choipa ichi imatengedwa kwambiri. Izi zikhoza kukhala magazi imfa kwambiri ndi ululu mantha. Kumene, kuyenda n'zosathekadi, ndi katundu aliyense pa nthambi akhudzidwa komanso inathetsedwa. Mwendo umene kakusintha mapindikidwe adzafupikitsidwa. ziwiya Large wa miyendo mwina imawonongeka chifukwa cha kusamuka kwa makombo, makamaka wachitatu m'munsi, pamene osamukira m'mbuyo otlomok kuwononga womwe ndi mtsinje popliteal, potero kupangitsa magazi profuse. Femur ayenera atathana yomweyo. Ndi superimposed basi ndi mankhwala, kenako wovulalayo laperekedwa kwa Dipatimenti ya Traumatology.

Kapangidwe ka femur ndi losavuta kwambiri, koma akukwaniritsa ntchito yaikulu - amasunga katundu thupi ndi thupi lenilenilo mu muyezo, kumatanthauza zovuta galimoto mpheto, ndi maziko a articulation wa malekezero a m'munsi mafupa a chiuno ndi. mipata Izi chikhalidwe ake kwambiri, choncho ikukhudzana bwanji ndi chisamaliro thanzi mukufuna.