Ufumu wa Roma pa nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Antonine mzera

Ufumu wa Roma, lomwe lilipo kwa zaka 16 ndinaona olamulira ambiri a madcap, ankhanza, chilungamo, nkhanza. Komabe, nthawi yofunika kwambiri mu mapangidwe ndi chitukuko cha dziko amaona kuti ulamuliro wa otchedwa Antonine mafumu, anapita mpaka mu mbiri monga "golide m'badwo wa Roma." Dzina la mafumu amachokera dzina la Mfumu - Antonina Piya, akulamulira dziko ndi 86 161 zaka BC

Malinga ndi mwambo unakhazikitsidwa Rome cholowa cha mphamvu, kulamulira boma Mfumu amayenera kutengera wolandila ake. Atamwalira "bambo" anatengera mwana anakhala akulamulira yekha dziko. Choncho, 98 BC Mfumu ya Roma anali mwana wa mfulu atsamunda Roma, mkulu Mark Trajan, yemwe anatchuka kwambiri chifukwa chilungamo chake ndi okhwima kusunga chilamulo. Mwa zinthu zofunika chachikulu cha Trajan - kusamalira anthu osauka, chigonjetso mu Dacian nkhondo, anagonjetsa kugombe la Danube, etc. Moyo wa anthu wamba pansi Trajan anayamba mpandawo ndi bata Ufumu wa Roma unatha zimadalira amapereka mkate Aigupto ndi kale eni kudyetsa anthu ake.

chithunzi ina yodziwika nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Antonine mafumu anali mfumu nzeru zapamwamba Mark Avrely (161-180 GG) wanyengedwa polemba essays pa nkhani ya mtima wa munthu ndi kufanana anthu. Amadziwika kuti Mark Avrely a nzika anzake, osati monga mwa phunziro, koma monga anthu aufulu m'zonse.

Mu ulamuliro wa Mfumu-chelovekolyubtsa ndi nzeru zapamwamba anali ndimachita ndi matenda mafuko a Germany, kapena ngati iwo anawaitana akunja ku Roma. Mwa njira, Aroma anatcha akunjawo anthu onse amene salankhula Latin kapena Greek, ndipo ili pa mlingo m'munsi chitukuko. Gauls ndi Germany, anthu okhala m'dera la chapakati ndi chakumpoto Europe, pakati chitukuko zomwe zikutsalirazi kumbuyo mlingo wa chitukuko cha Rome. Nkhondo ndi mafuko odana anakokera kwa zaka zingapo ndipo inatha ndi chilolezo kuti moyo mu Germany m'madera Roma Danubian.

Wolamulira lotsiriza la heyday Ufumu wa Roma anayamba Lucius Aurelius Commodus, amene anakhala wotchuka kuzunzidwa senators wolemera, amene analandidwa kudwala-ndalandira katundu. Anthu okhulupirira ndi mbali ya Commodus anali asilikali wamba Asilikaliwa, adzalandira Services awo mphoto yabwino. Amadziwika oposa wake anali mfumu ndipo chizolowezi chachikulu - kutenga mbali mu masewera aja masewera paudindo gladiator ndi zoyipa pa boma la chuma cha boma. Service ku German, Dacian ndi asilikali British linalipiridwa zochepa kwambiri kusiyana usilikali ku likulu. The kusakhutira anthu chawonjezeka kwambiri pamene mfumu yekha Mwana wa Mulungu Jupiter ndi Roma Hercules, ndipo anafuna kuona ubwenzi ndi Mulungu. Mfumu Commodus anaphedwa ndi achiwembu mwa nkhani m'chaka 192. Pamodzi ndi imfa yake itatha golide zaka chitukuko m'dzikoli, chuma unatha, ndi Roma analowa pansi. Ngakhale isanafike azingokhala boma anali akali zaka osachepera mazana awiri, chochitika sanathe zimakhudza njira ya dzikoli unagawika zigawo kumadzulo ndi kum'mawa. Western Roma chinakhalapo mpaka chaka 476, East anathyola zaka khumi kenako, mu 1453, pambuyo kunkhondo ya Turkey.

Lero chifukwa wodalirika kugwa kwa Ufumu wa Roma sanali mpaka kumapeto. Pa dzanja limodzi, ndi dziko lalikulu kugonjetsa magawo atsopano, sanathe mpaka kalekale. Ndipo pa nthawi zina, dziko zoti kotero kuti boma apite, koma mbiri ya anthu pafupifupi ziribe mphamvu. Lero, izo zikhoza ankanena kuti kugwa kwa Ufumu wa Roma zinkatanthauza, osalephera, osati kutha kwa kuli khalidwe linalake, ndi kutha kwa kuli chitukuko akale.