Ntchito yomanga Rostov NPP. The ngozi pa Rostov NPP

Chiyambi cha Rostov mphamvu za nyukiliya chomera adzakhala woyamba pambuyo Chernobyl tsoka. Pa zaka zonsezi, mphamvu za nyukiliya anali kudutsa nthawi yovuta. Poyamba kuthamanga chipika loyamba la amagetsi zinakonzedwa mu chaka cha 2000. tsiku yakhala analengeza chifukwa cha Kupenda polojekiti NPP ndi unduna wa Natural Resources ndi Ubale la Chitaganya cha Russia.

Kufunika kwa zomera mphamvu za nyukiliya

Rostov mphamvu za nyukiliya Chomera - gawo la interconnection wa dera North Caucasus. Iwo amapereka magetsi kuti nzika 11 Russia, pa gawo limene anthu miliyoni 17,7. maphunziro ambiri bungwe mu mabungwe mabungwe asonyeza kuti pomanga Rostov NPP n'kopindulitsa malonda ndiponso timaigwira mwamphamvu.

makampani tanthauzo kumawonjezera ndi kugwa kupanga gasi, amene Ndi mmene kwa zigawo chapakati ndi kum'mwera. Universal yomanga Rostov NPP dongosolo amapereka kwa wina osiyana palokha mphamvu chipika nyumba imene yaikidwa ndi nyukiliya riyakitala VVER-1000.

chipangizo mphamvu

Aliyense chipika mphamvu limapangidwa ndi riyakitala (B-320) ndi chopangira mphamvu ya. Kutentha sing'anga lagawidwa madera awiri:

• Nyukiliya. Mbaliyi mapampu leni riyakitala pachimake, kufalitsidwa, magudumu nthunzi, pressurizer.
• Non-nyukiliya. Pamafunikanso unsembe wa chopangira mphamvu ndi zakudya madzi, magudumu nthunzi ndipo mbali zofunika mipope kulumikiza.

Mafuta kusungidwa mu nyukiliya riyakitala pachimake. Lili 163 msonkhano yotulutsa kutentha. Mkati aliyense fomu piritsi aikidwa mu U-235 (pang'ono Polemeretsedwa ureniamu okusayidi). Limakwirira m'chimake losindikizidwa liners zopangidwa aloyi zirconium. Mu coolant wadera woyamba akutumikira njira asidi boric. maziko ake - kwambiri mwayeretsa madzi, pressurized pa 16 MPa.

Neutrons madzi ntchito kutentha kutengerapo ndi liwonongeke, n'zotheka kupeza anakhumba kutentha koyefishienti wa riyakitala nyukiliya ndi chizindikiro "-". Iye adatanthauzira mtendere wa VVER-1000 ndi mphamvu yake galimoto-lamulo.

Ndipo zimene siteshoni?

M'chigawo cha Rostov NPP dongosolo nthaka anali kuphunzira mu kuya 12 kilometre. Kuzindikiritsidwa zigawo zikuluzikulu ziwiri: crystalline ndi chitayiko. Woyamba tichipeza miyala ndi zaka kuposa Mathanthwe, ndi kulolerana wa formations osiyana tectonic ndi mipata dera. Mitundu yachiwiri aumbike Paleozoic Mesozoic ndi Cenozoic.

Maziko a zinthu zonse ndi mphamvu za nyukiliya mbewu umadutsa ndi loam ndi mchenga, ndipo zochokera Maikop clays. MUNDA mphamvu za nyukiliya mbewu limabweretsa unit inteja kwa m'munsi crystalline. Kufufuza kwaposachedwa anatsimikizira kuti dongosolo si Onetsani tectonic zaka 300 miliyoni.

Akamagwira zivomerezi lamayimbidwe malo mbiri limafanana subhorizontal nyanja miyala. Tsopano kutumphuka padziko lapansi mu malo awa ikuyenda pa liwiro la 0 ... 4.5 mamilimita pa chaka. magawanidwe Research zinthu zina mu pansi ndi mu mlengalenga kuti sakudziwika zolakwa tectonic.

seismicity

Mu kuphunzira malo mwamsanga ndi akumidzi zochitika zazikulu tectonic zinalengedwa zofunika kapangidwe maziko chivomezi. mphamvu 5 mfundo periodicity - kamodzi mu zaka 500. Malangizo ndi katundu zivomerezi a Mitundu alipo kulola m'dera monga dera chivomezi ukulu 6, zimachitika kamodzi mu zaka 5 ndi 10 zikwi..

Potengera deta analandira mapulani kuwonjezekeredwa seismostability 1 Mfundo apamwamba. Asayansi a zolembedwa ntchito anapangidwa pamaziko a pazipita chivomezi mwamphamvu 7 mfundo.

zinthu hydrogeological

Kufufuza kupeza pamaso pa dziko lapansi 2 aquifers. Pafupi ndi wosanjikiza pamwamba pa madzi akufalitsa pafupi lonse. Researches kuti anatsimikizira mozama za pansi pa kumanga malo 0,2-18 m. Kusanthula Water anaulula mkulu zotsatira oipawa pa mwala ndi zitsulo.

The aquifer yachiwiri ili mmalire a chinthu m'tsogolo pa akuya 6.8 mpaka 39 mamita mutayankha. Tsimlyanskii mosungiramo pansi khalidwe chimaonekadi anasintha kwa zoipa: kuchuluka mchere okhutira ndi chiwerengero cha sulphate. Near chinthu tikukonza si mobisa ndi pamwamba magwero a madzi, umene pali mpanda ntchito yobweretsa anthu akumwa. Palibe nkhokwe, ndi kuthekera ntchito ngati m'tsogolo.

chitetezo

chitetezo Rostov NPP anaonetsetsa mwa dongosolo la zopinga osiyana kufala nkotheka mankhwala nyukiliya. Chitetezo chiwembu:

• Kapangidwe mafuta. chikuoneka kolimba ndi dongosolo makamaka salola kufala kwa malonda woopsawo.
• Losindikizidwa flasks wa zirconium, imene ureniamu ndi tableted.
• Losindikizidwa khoma mapaipi a dera woyamba ndi okonzeka amadzimadzi njira ndi zipangizo zina.
• Ngozi kutanthauzira dongosolo, chomwe ndi zoteteza containment ndi sprinkler dongosolo. Tifotokozereni chikuphatikizapo kapangidwe wamphamvu ndi zipata losindikizidwa kwa ndime ya anthu, katundu ndi zipangizo zina.

Zonse interacts ndi zinthu nyukiliya, ili mkati containment lapansi. Bukuli lakonzedwa namanga amaganizira kuti kupirira zosiyanasiyana makhalidwe kunja: 7 mfundo pazipita kapangidwe chivomezi, mphepo yamkuntho, mphepo yamkuntho, kukapha mafunde mpweya.

Cheza chitetezo cha chilengedwe nazonso anapereka machitidwe osiyana kuchimbudzi, madzi kuzirala, etc .. yobwezeretsanso wa madzi ndi olimba moto zinyalala ikuchitika pa siteshoni. Anakhala mafuta likhalebe m'madamu wapadera pa zaka zitatu natengedwa mu muli wapadera njanji.

Number mayunitsi

Rostov NPP mphamvu anatsimikiza ndi Uwerenge ntchito mayunitsi mphamvu payekha. Woyamba ndi wachiwiri kwa iwo kubala magetsi 1 GW. Iwo likukhalira kuti panopa mphamvu za nyukiliya mphamvu ndi 2 GW. Mu 2001 ndi 2010. ntchito yoyamba ndi yachiwiri botolo la Rostov mphamvu za nyukiliya zomera kuyamba.

Yambani 3 Rostov NPP zinachitika mu November 2014, ndi kulolerana ake mu dongosolo mphamvu logwirizana zinachitika mu December. mphamvu udzakhala mu Crimea, amene akukumana ndi kulibe magetsi.

Mu February-March, gulu nambala 3 Rostov NPP anaima inakonzedwa yokonza njira. Iwo anali mu dipatimenti ndi turbines ndi riyakitala, komanso masitolo onse. Ntchito izi - siteji kofunika siteshoni pokonzekera osachiritsika pa mphamvu zonse.

Ntchito pa ntchito yomanga wachinayi unit wa ku Rostov mphamvu za nyukiliya mbewu akutsatiridwa pachimake. Panopa wokonzeka kuposa 50%. Mphamvu wagawo № 4 Rostov NPP ndi ayambitse mu 2017

The ngozi pa Rostov NPP

August 6, 2014 pamene ntchito yomanga mphamvu 3 botolo la Rostov NPP zinachitikadi zapadera: kugwa kwa chopangira mphamvu kuchokera Boom wa Kireni ophimba.

Iwo anaika ntchito kudziwa zimene zimayambitsa nkhani ndi kupeza anthu udindo. A kafukufuku wa unit chopangira mphamvu zasonyeza kuti si kuonongeka. Motero sanali bwanji nthawi kutsiriza.

M'mawa wa 11.04.2014 ndi okhala m'midzi ndi m'matauni a distilikiti kum'mwera kwa dera Rostov anakumana zosokoneza nawonso magetsi. Mavuto anamva anthu a m'dera North Caucasus. Kuwala anali atapita ku nyumba pafupifupi 2 miliyoni anthu.

Kenako lipoti zifukwa zimene zinachitikazi. Pamzere kum'mwera kwa ntchito ikuchitika. Panthawi ina maukonde zokha ndi sakukhudzidwa midadada woyamba ndi wachiwiri kwa mphamvu za nyukiliya. Mu mphamvu yochepa nthawi akhala akupereka madandaulo pa yopuma mizere HIV.

Motero sanali bwanji m'dera maziko cheza (onse ndalama ali mu uthunthu yachibadwa), palibe chifukwa nkhawa ya anthu.