Chopangira mphamvu mafuta: makhalidwe ndi ntchito ya gulu la

Chopangira mphamvu mafuta ankagwiritsa ntchito kondomu ya mayendedwe ndi yozizira ku magudumu osiyana chopangira mphamvu - nthunzi ndipo mpweya turbines, turbines hayidiroliki, Turbo mpope. Iwo ntchito monga madzimadzi ntchito mu lamulo la injini chopangira mphamvu ndi zida mafakitale.

Amene ali katundu?

chopangira mphamvu ndi njira zovuta zimene zimafunika kuti kusamalira bwino. Ntchito chopangira mphamvu mafuta ayenera azikumana makhalidwe:

• adzalandira antioxidant katundu;
• kuteteza zinthu madipoziti;
• ndi demulsifying katundu;
• kukhala kugonjetsedwa ndi dzimbiri;
• adzalandira otsika thobvu ,;
• Akhale osakhudza kuti mfundo za zitsulo ndi nonmetals.

makhalidwe onsewa mafuta chopangira mphamvu ndi kukwaniritsa kupanga.

kupanga Features

Kupanga mafuta chopangira mphamvu ikuchitika kwambiri woyengedwa distillates mafuta amene zina akuwonjezeka. Chifukwa antioxidant ndi odana ndi dzimbiri, odana avale zina panopa ntchito yawo. Chifukwa cha zina zonse izi ndi zofunika kusankha mafuta mogwirizana ndi malangizo Buku unit makamaka ndi malangizo a Mlengi. Ngati chopangira mphamvu mafuta ndi zabwino kwenikweni, unit amangokhala ndithu. Pofuna kukwaniritsa mkulu khalidwe mkulu amasankha khalidwe la mafuta ntchito yopanga formulations ntchito processing kwambiri kuyeretsa ndi zowonjezera nyimbo kutumikiridwa. Zonsezi ophatikizana kusintha odana ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndi odana ndi dzimbiri katundu mafuta.

zofunikira

Ntchito luso malo osiyanasiyana ikukoka ndi kulumikiza kunena kuti mafuta chopangira mphamvu ayenera mulibe madzi, zooneka sludge ndi zosafunika makina. Malinga ndi malangizo, iwo kunatanthauzanso kulamulira antirust katundu mafuta - Mwaichi magetsi wapadera dzimbiri ili mu thanki mafuta a turbines nthunzi. Ngati akadali pali dzimbiri mu mafuta, inu alowe mu zina zapadera ndi dzimbiri. Tikupereka kufotokoza zopangidwa otchuka mafuta chopangira mphamvu.

TP 46

mafuta ntchito kondomu ya mayendedwe ndi njira zina mayunitsi zosiyanasiyana. 46 chopangira mphamvu mafuta chikusonyeza bwino antioxidant katundu. Kulenga pogwiritsa ntchito sulfurous paraffin mafuta kwambiri kusankha kudula. Ntchito zikuchokera akhale makhazikitsidwe sitimayo nthunzi zoyendetsedwa ndi njira wocheperapo iliyonse. TP 46 ndi chitetezo chodalirika wa pamalo a mbali ndi dzimbiri, ndi wolimba kwambiri ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni ndi mpweya si zimatulutsa pa turbines yaitali ntchito.

TP 30

30 chopangira mphamvu mafuta opangidwa pamaziko a mafuta mchere m'munsi, amene anawonjezera zina kusintha katundu ntchito ya kapangidwe. TP 30, akatswiri amalangiza ntchito mtundu uliwonse wa turbines, kuphatikizapo mpweya ndi madzi. Ndipo masuku pamutu mafuta zilipo, ngakhale mu mapangidwe nkhanza. Mwa maonekedwe osiyana ndi a TA 30 akhoza otchulidwa kwambiri antioxidant mphamvu, mlingo wabwino wa chitetezo dzimbiri, ndi cavitation osachepera, chabwino matenthedwe bata.

T-46

Chopangira mphamvu mafuta T-46 anapangidwa kuchokera otsika sukulu sulfure paraffinless mafuta apamwamba popanda okhutira zowonjezera, potero kuonetsetsa kupezeka kufunika kwake, pokhalabe makhalidwe onse ntchito. zipangizo apamwamba yaiwisi ntchito yopanga, akhoza kukwaniritsa enaake a kukhuthala mafuta, zimveke ndi yabwino kwambiri kuyeretsa. Ntchito zikuchokera ichi n'kololeka kuti turbines chombo, mayunitsi chopangira mphamvu nthunzi.

TP-22C

Chopangira mphamvu mafuta TP-22C amalola mafuta ndi kuziziritsa mayendedwe othandiza makina a turbines nthunzi kuti ntchito pa liwiro lalitali, ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati chamadzimadzi hayidiroliki ndi kusindikiza sing'anga mu chisindikizo ndi ulamuliro kachitidwe. Mwa ubwino wa mafuta ndi:

• katundu kwambiri ntchito chifukwa m'munsi kwambiri woyengeka mchere ndi wogwira mtima zowonjezera zikuchokera;
• kwambiri katundu madzi kulekana;
• kukhazikika kwambiri ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni;
• mkulu mlingo wa kukhuthala;
• osachepera cavitation.

mafuta ntchito turbines zolinga zosiyana - kuchokera nthunzi ndipo mpweya zomera chopangira mphamvu mphamvu mpweya.

TP-22b

TP-22b mafuta chopangira mphamvu amapangidwa kuchokera crudes waxy, mmene kuyeretsa imagwiridwa ndi solvents kusankha. Chifukwa zina zimatheka mlingo wabwino wa kukana kuti dzimbiri ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni. Ngati wina akuyerekeza TP-22b ndi TP-22C, woyamba zochepa kupanga precipitate pamene zipangizo, ndi cholimba ntchito. peculiarity ake palibe analogues mwa mitundu zoweta mafuta chopangira mphamvu.

"Lukoil mphepo yamkuntho T"

Zino amapereka osiyanasiyana mafuta apamwamba chopangira mphamvu. Iwo zochokera mafuta m'munsi opangidwa ndi luso lapadera kupanga ntchito yapamwamba ntchito mtundu ashless zina. Mafuta amakonzedwa malinga ndi zofunikira yatsopano zikuchokera kwa mtundu umenewu. Mankhwalawa ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu nthunzi ndipo mpweya turbines ndi gearboxes, ndipo popanda iwo. Kwambiri antioxidant, anticorrosion ndi antiwear katundu zimathandiza kuti madipoziti kochepa. Mafuta mwapadera kusinthidwa kwa makono mkulu-ntchito chopangira mphamvu unsembe.

Features zikuchokera

Modern mafuta chopangira mphamvu zochokera sukulu wapadera wa mafuta paraffin ndi yeniyeni makhalidwe kukhuthala-kutentha, komanso antioxidants ndi zoletsa dzimbiri. Ngati mafuta ntchito pa turbines ndi transmissions zida, iwo ayenera kukhala ndi katundu mkulu onyamula mphamvu, ndi gawo la anawonjezera zina Aakulu.

Pakuti m'munsi mafuta ntchito m'zigawo kapena hydrogenation, hydrotreatment ndi kuyeretsedwa ndi kuthamanga akhoza kukwaniritsa makhalidwe chopangira mphamvu mafuta ndi kukhazikika zobwera chifukwa cha okosijeni, kulekanitsa madzi, deaeration, womwe bwanji mitengo ya.

Kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya turbines

Masiku mpweya ndi nthunzi turbines ntchito, mafuta chopangira mphamvu (GOST ISO 6743-5 ndi ISO / CD 8068). Gulu la zinthuzi, malingana ndi cholinga ambiri, akhoza ankaimira motere:

• Pakuti turbines nthunzi (kuphatikizapo magiya imodzi m'mikhalidwe yachibadwa katundu). Maziko a lubricants izi zimayeretsedwa mafuta mchere wodzilemekeza ndi antioxidants ndi zoletsa dzimbiri. The ntchito mafuta kuti m'pofunika kuti abulusa mafakitale ndi m'madzi.
• Pakuti turbines nthunzi ndi mphamvu yapamwamba katundu. chopangira mphamvu mafuta amenewa Komanso adzalandira makhalidwe chopanikizika kwambiri, yomwe imapereka kondomu ya magiya pa ntchito chipangizo cha.
• Pakuti turbines mpweya: mafuta amenewa amapangidwa kuchokera woyengedwa nyimbo mchere omwe anawonjezera antioxidants, zoletsa dzimbiri.

Features kuyeretsa

The zigawo zikuluzikulu mkati mwa njira iliyonse adzakhale opanda ntchito chifukwa avale zachilendo ndipo kuichotsa. Choncho, mu lubricating mafuta komanso kugwira ntchito kudziunjikira zosafunika makina monga madzi, fumbi, zodulidwa, kuyamba kupanga abrasive. Gwiritsani ntchito zipangizo, ndi yaitali mukhoza kudziletsa nthawi zonse yoyeretsa ya mafuta chopangira mphamvu kuchotsa zosafunika mawotchi kwa izo.

Tikumbukenso kuti mafuta panopa n'zotheka kuti konza ndi kuonjezera dzuwa la ndondomeko kupanga chifukwa chitetezo zonse mbali ndi mbali ya zipangizo. Quality kuyeretsa chopangira mphamvu mafuta - chinsinsi opareshoni odalirika mayunitsi ndi chopangira mphamvu mu nthawi yayitali popanda zolephera ndi malfunctions zida. Ngati inu ntchito osauka khalidwe mafuta zinchito kudalirika ndi lotseguka kukayikira, choncho, kudzakhala avale msanga.

mafuta kuchira pamene Iwo ayeretsedwa akhoza reused. N'chifukwa chake m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito njira yothandizira kuyeretsa, monga mu nkhani iyi n'zotheka kuonjezera mafuta ntchito nthawi, popanda kufunika perezalivke ake. mafuta chopangira mphamvu akhoza kuyeretsedwa mwa njira zosiyanasiyana: thupi, physicochemical ndi mankhwala. Ife kufotokoza njira zonse mwatsatanetsatane.

thupi

Njirazi yeretsani chopangira mphamvu mafuta popanda kusokoneza mankhwala katundu wake. Mwa njira yotchuka kwambiri ya chithandizo:

• Kuthetsa: mwayeretsa mafuta madzi sludge kudzera zosafunika wapadera makina Kuthetsa akasinja. Thanki mafuta zingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati mlendo lapansi. The sangathe wa zokolola otsika chifukwa gawo yaitali delamination.
• Kupatukana: kukonza mafuta madzi ndi zosafunika ikuchitika wapadera ng'oma olekanitsa mphamvu centrifugal.
• Kusefera: njira imeneyi mafuta kutsukidwa zosafunika kuti sungathe kupasuka. Mafuta awa anadutsa porous fyuluta pamwamba kupyolera mu fyuluta pepala, zikatoni, anamva kapena burlap.
• Hydrodynamic kuyeretsa: Njira imeneyi zimathandiza inu kuyeretsa, osati mafuta, komanso zipangizo zonse. Ntchito amakhalabe coherent mafuta filimu pakati pa zitsulo ndi mafuta pamalo zitsulo palibe dzimbiri zikuoneka.

Thupi ndi mankhwala

Ntchito njira zimenezi kukonza zikuchokera mankhwala mafuta zimasiyanasiyana, koma pang'ono chabe. njira Mbalizi:

• Kumamatira mankhwala pamene ali mafuta ndi odzipereka zipangizo kwambiri porous olimba - adsorbents. Izi ntchito monga okusayidi zotayidwa, enamel whitening tingati silika gel osakaniza.
• Kusamba condensate: njira imeneyi umagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo la mafuta ndi otsika kulemera zidulo maselo, sungunuka m'madzi. Pambuyo mafuta kutsuka kuwongolera katundu ntchito.

njira mankhwala

Kuyeretsedwa mwa njira mankhwala zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zidulo, alkalis. The kuyeretsa zamchere ntchito pamene mafuta kwambiri wolema, ndi otsala njira kuyeretsedwa sizikugwira ntchito. The soda anakopa neutralization organic zidulo, sulfuric asidi zotsalira, kufufutidwa esters ndi mankhwala ena. Kukonza ikuchitika olekanitsa wapadera ndi condensate otentha.

The njira yabwino kwambiri kukonza mafuta chopangira mphamvu - kugwiritsa ntchito mayunitsi pamodzi. Iwo amati wozengereza kukonza pa chiwembu mwapadera-cholinga. Chilengedwe mafakitale, mungagwiritse ntchito yoika konsekonse, amene kuyeretsa angathe kuchitidwa ndi munthu. Iliyonse kuyeretsa njira ntchito, n'kofunika kuti khalidwe yomaliza ya mafuta inali pamwamba. Ndipo kuonjezera nthawi ya opaleshoni khola la zida.