Ndi dipole mphindi Kodi

Taganizirani ntchito kwa electrodynamics zimenezi dipole mphindi. Pulayimale mlandu zonyamulira loyenda pamodzi gawo molunjika kwa dongosolo wochititsa, lachindunji panopa mawonekedwe. Choncho, pali panopa anati mlandu zikusinthira (Ine L, kumene ine - mtengo panopa, L - kutalika). Nawonso malamulo Ampere ndi kuganizira awiri kufanana mlandu panopa pa L, chopezera osawerengeka. Mu kuzungulira chatsekedwa amachepetsa ake awiri ndi zosiyana ndi malangizo a panopa, n'kupanga dipole panopa. Iliyonse ya m'munda dipole kwaiye mmene kanyamaka, amene amakhala ndi dipole mlandu yake panopa zochokera perpendicular kwa ndege imene mizere ya lili. Iwo akutchedwa dipole mphindi. Koma popeza kuti tiganizire yekha zigawo zikuluzikulu ulipo, ndiye kupita kwa magetsi, mawu amatchedwa mosiyana. dzina lina - kampasi dipole mphindi (masana, nthawizina m).

Bwaloli ndi limodzi mwa zinthu chifungulo cha chinthu chilichonse. Akukhulupirira kuti dipole mphindi ukapezeka chifukwa mafunde (monga microcosm ndi macrosystems). Pansi microcosm kukutanthauza atomu: akusuntha mu zozungulira m'mipita milandu (ma elekitironi) tinganene kuti ngati panopa magetsi. Popeza nkhaniyo imakhala particles pulayimale, aliyense amene ali patsogolo yake. Chonde dziwani kuti pansi pa particles pulayimale ayenera kuzindikiridwa osati mamolekyulu ndi maatomu, komanso mapulotoni, neutrons, ma elekitironi, ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu mwina ngakhale ang'onoang'ono. Ku maganizo a pa kwadzidzidzi zimango za dipole maginito mphindi chifukwa chibadidwe makina kasinthasintha - sapota. Komabe, kopanda uyu kumene kunadetsa kufunsidwa mu kuwala kwa atsopano chiphunzitso kumunda-tinthu. Mwachitsanzo, anthu ambiri amavomereza kuti kuli otchedwa anomalous dipole amene phindu isiyana ndi mawerengedwe aone kuti pali mchiphunzitso kwadzidzidzi. Koma kuchokera kumunda maganizo amene maginito Nyerere aliyense pulayimale si kwaiye mlandu chonyamulira sapota kasinthasintha, ndipo ndi imodzi mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu zonse za kuthengo atomu, nthenda dipole mosavuta zomveka. mtengo limanenedwa ngati makamaka akonzedwa a manambala kwadzidzidzi ndi kukonzedwa chigawo sapota. Choncho, nthawi maginito ya nyutironi ikuyambitsa zimadalira mphamvu ndi magetsi inawadutsa osiyanasiyana m'munda wake mu atomu.

Pamene kuwerengetsa kufunika kwake kwa dera ntchito njira Kuwonjezera yofunika ya mphindi dipole ya pulayimale dipole panopa, kupanga chatsekedwa zozungulira kuzungulira.

Dipole kamphindi mu electrodynamics anatsimikiza mtima mfundo:

Madzulo = S Ine N,

kumene ine - mtengo wa loyenda panopa; S - chatsekedwa kuzungulira malo (zozungulira); N - vekitala imatsogoleredwa perpendicular kwa ndege imene kuzungulira ndi ili. Ngakhale chilinganizo pamwamba sangosonyeza, masana kunagwa monga vekitala amene malangizo akhoza anatsimikiza yodziwika magetsi chakale ulamuliro wa chala (lamanja wononga): ngati wononga onsewo kungoganiza poyerekeza ndi akulowera panopa, ndi wononga zoyenda za thupi lifanane ndi vekitala ankafuna.

Munda magetsi a dipole ziri mosiyana ndi mfundo kuyang'anira munda, poyamba pa zonse, kasinthidwe mizere wakumunda. Popeza pamaso pa sayansi dipole ofanana ndi moyenera dongosolo la awiri milandu magetsi, zomwe ndi zofanana kwa zigawo, ndipo polarity zosiyana (+ ndi -), mzere lolingana wa mavuto pa chiyambi cha mlandu, ndi kumapeto. Pankhani ya mfundo imodzi yokha ya mizere mlandu chonyamulira mogwirizana kumbali zonse, ngati babu kuwala.