Karl Smely: MBIRI. N'chifukwa chiyani Charles molimba mtima amatchedwa Knight otsiriza?

Mmodzi wa yowala ndipo ambiri zokongola zithunzi za ku Ulaya, mosakayikira, Karl Smely, amene analamulira Burgundy mu zaka za m'ma XV. Mu mbiri ambiri amati kuti "Knight otsiriza" makhalidwe amene ziwanda, kapena kuti iye anapangidwa kunena. Iye anakhala mu m'badwo wankhanza, ndipo sangathe adamnenera zokhudza zimafotokoza chifukwa cha makono munthu kunjenjemera.

Mwana ndi wolowa nyumba ya Filipo Good

Karl ali chibadwa zabwino ndithu. atate wake, Filipp Dobry, ngakhale kuti inaipitsa mbiri yake ndi kupereka English Joan waku Arc anatha kupereka mphamvu ya Burgundy, imene yotengedwa ndi kutchuka mkulu mu Europe. Pamene khoti ducal analimbikitsa chitukuko cha luso, ndi wolamulira anali kutsatira odzipereka pa malamulo knightly ndi woyambitsa wa Order ya Golden ubweya, amene watsikira kwa masiku athu.

Philip anali ankakonda chibwana a jousting thupi ndi mpikisano minnesingers. M'pomveka kuti anabadwa November 10, 1433 wolowa nyumba, adapasa iye dzina Carl, iye anayesetsa kuphunzutsa zimapangitsa Knight woona. ntchito Philip sizinali pachabe, ndipo mwana wa kwathunthu tinatengera chikondi chake m'mikangano ya nyama komanso nkhondo.

Youth wa Duke tsogolo la Burgundy

Itsogolela za ndale, bambo komweko betroth mwana wake Katarina, mwana wamkazi wa French mfumu Charles VII, ndipo kuti munthu anagwira mkwatibwi wopanda anachita izo pamene wolowa anali atachoka zaka zisanu. Mwa njira, wodala bwenzi anali ndi zaka zinayi zokha wamkulu kuposa bwenzi lake. Kenako, Charles anakwatiwa kawiri zambiri - ndi Frenchwoman Isabelle de A Bourbon ndi mngelezi Margaret wa York. Onse anali a magazi achifumu.

Mu unyamata wake Karl Smely kukumana ndipo ngakhale anzanga ndi Chipilala mdani wake m'tsogolo - wolowa ku Mpandowachifumu French, Louis, pamene iye anali mu Duchy wa Burgundy anali kubisalira mkwiyo wa atate wake. Pafupifupi zaka chomwecho, iwo ali modabwitsa osiyana Chrixitu. Karl Smely - ndi "lomaliza Knight" - anali wamtali ndi wamphamvu mnyamata, wokonzeka ndi lupanga mu dzanja kutsimikizira wosalakwa. Louis chomwecho, lalifupi zitani, ndi kuwonjezeka yaing'ono tsenga osiyana ndi kuchenjerera.

Asilikali ntchito yochotsa ndi mnzake

ubwenzi wawo zinatha pamene July 22, 1461, Louis anakhala wachifumu wa bambo ake, iye anakhala mfumu ya France, Louis XI. Kuyambira masiku oyamba ku ofesi, iye anatsogolera pophatikizana mfundo Ufumu m'mayiko wokwatibwa ndi ambuye ang'onoang'ono anakhala mtumiki wake. Unachititsa kusakhutira kwawo kwambiri, chifukwa mu barons yekha ndi atsogoleri ogwirizana ndi mbuye wake, atamaliza mgwilizano amatchedwa "League of ubwino." Ndi mgwirizano umenewu ndi amaganiza ndi Karl Smely, amene anakakamizika kuti agwirizane mfumu yatsopano mu mkangano pa County wa Charolais, kumene iwo onse amanena.

Posachedwapa, ndi atasemphana ndale kunkakhala nkhondo asilikali. Pa nthawiyi, Filipp Dobry anamwalira, ndipo Karl anatengera osati wambiri bambo ake lalikulu, komanso mutu wa Duke wa Burgundy. Tsopano pa mutu wa asilikali anasonkhana "mwa League of wamba chabwino," kwathunthu ndi mwayi moonetsera kulimbamtima ndi kulimba mtima kwawo.

Yambani mwazi

Woyamba wanzeru chigonjetso anapambana Karl Smely mu 1465, anagonjetsa asilikali a mnzake poyamba mu nkhondo ya Montlhéry. Izi analamulanso mfumuyo kusiya amanena kuti anatsutsana County Charolais. Atalimbikitsidwa ndi bwino, Kalonga anathamangira kwa anamanganso latsopano. Anakumbukira kuti zaka zingapo zapitazo mu mzinda wa Liege pansi pake panali zachiwawa chifukwa cha misonkho mopambanitsa. Koma choyipitsitsa cha zonse, kuti mwa opandukawo anali kufalitsa mphekesera imene - Karl Smely, Duke wa Burgundy - sanabadwa ndi Philip Wabwino, atate wake boma, ndi bishopu, amene amake Duchess Isabella kupuma kwa kuvomereza.

A Knight woona, ndipo chotero kuziganizira yekha Karl, asakhululukire chipongwe chifukwa kwa donayo, makamaka mayi ake. Iye anachita mu mzimu wa nthawi yake - wankhanza ndi mdima Middle Ages. Yolanda Liege, amene anthu analibe ngakhale kuyesa kupewa adawononga iwo onse, kuphatikizapo akazi ndi ana. Monyadira kulera mutu wake, Karl anasiya kusonkhezera mabwinja dzulo ukuyanga mzinda. Ndinkamuchezera mwa njira iyi ndi malo ochepa a duchy wake.

Poyembekezera wa Burgundian Nkhondo

Anali definitively unakhazikitsidwa m'mitima mwa ukulu wake, Carl analakalaka kuti phunziro lake ufumu wa Burgundy, ndi zambiri mu nkhani iyi kulandira m'manja mwa korona Papa. Koma ngati mapulani wofuna wa Duke amayembekezeka ndithu. Iwo sankafuna mfumu ya Roma, ndipo mfumu ya France. Palibe mmodzi kapena ena sanali yopindulitsa phindu Burgundy.

Zolinga za Charles molimba mtima ndi Louis anali pakati 11 - ndende pazipita mphamvu manja awo, koma kukwaniritsa iwo anafuna njira zosiyanasiyana. Ngati Burgundian lonse anadalira mphamvu chakuthengo, mfumu zinthu mochenjera ndipo intrigue, amene anali chosaneneka mbuye. Kuwononga mdani wake, anatha amkoka iye mu mndandanda wa Zopatsa asilikali, kenako otchedwa Burgundian Nkhondo.

The impoverishment a dziko

Muulamuliro wake, Karl Smely anapanga pofuna kuti agwirizane cholowa chake Alsace ndi Lorraine. Chiyambi ankawalimbikitsa, koma ndiye Louis XI imayendetsedwa ndi zokambirana chinsinsi kutenga kumenya iye pafupifupi theka la Europe. Kwadzaoneni bogged pansi mu yokopa ya Duke wa Burgundy moyo kwathunthu anasamukira ku nkhondo maziko. Popeza ntchito yokonza asilikali unawonongekeratu chuma, zosangalatsa zonse zalephereka. Atapita ndi mpikisano wa olemba ndakatulo ndi oimba, ndi zamanja, zochitika osakhala asilikali, chabe anathetsa. Chuma kale anatembenukira kwa njala ndi umphawi.

Kugonjetsedwa pa Gransone

zinachitikira m'mbiri zikusonyeza kuti kaya kwambiri kutchuka, palibe wolamulira yekha sangathe kulimbana ndi Mgwirizano wa mayiko olemera. Karl Smely, Duke wa Burgundy, anali nazonso. Ngati Germany ndi France, mwanjira ina kuti apirire, zabwino nthawi Swiss asilikali anali amphamvu kwambiri kwa iye.

Woyamba onongani kugonjetsedwa sadalole mu 1476 ku Nkhondo ya Gransone. Atatsala pang'ono kuti, Duke Karl Smely anagonjetsa mzindawo, masuku pamutu kuperekedwa kwa munthu wa zokometsera zake. Ndi asilikali atengedwa ukaidi, iye anatero, komanso ntchito kuchita izo - asilikali Anapachikidwa, pamene ena anamira mu nyanja Neuchâtel.

Swiss, akuthamangira ku kuwapulumutsa, zinadziwika ndithu zomwe iwo mu nkhani ya kugonjetsedwa. Ngakhale kumira kapena popachika mmodzi wa iwo sanafune, kotero ouziridwa, iwo anagonjetsa Burgundians. Karl Smely - Burgundian wolamulira - kupulumuka, kusiya mdani wake patsogolo pa nthawi, zida zankhondo ndi msasa kwambiri, chodzaza ndi chuma anagonjetsa a msonkhano.

m'mbuyo pang'ono wina

Komabe, kugonjetsedwa si chazilala swagger ndi kudzikuza kwa mtsogoleri wa. Zonse mafupa okhaokha, umene anali kubwera, kudikira Duke pafupi ndi tauni ya Murten. Apa, Carl analandira kuchokera Swiss kwambiri kuphwanya kugonja. Kuchokera mu zolemba za m'nthawi ya amadziwika kuti anali ndi mwayi, masuku pamutu lachitatu chipani pokambiranapo kukhazikitsa mtendere ndi kulola wokongola tacky, koma amoyo kubwerera Burgundy kwawo. Komabe, anakwiya ndi amasowa yausilikali, anaphonya mwayi wa chipulumutso ndipo potero anasaina imfa yake chilolezo. chakuti zolinga wofuna a Charles molimba mtima sanali mwachinsinsi ndi kuthekera zimene anali nazo.

Mapeto omvetsa chisoni a wolamulira Burgundian

Kumapeto kwa chaka chomwecho pa mutu wa asilikali utangoyamba, anakwera ku mzinda wa Nancy. The zokometsera anasonyeza chidwi kulimbikira, ndiponso kuzinga anakokera pa. Ngakhale kuti chifukwa kutentha otsika ambiri asilikali ake ali frostbite ndi sangathe kupitiriza kumenyanako, Karl anakana kumbuyo uko, poganiza kuti njala kukakamiza anazinga kuti mudzipereke. Panthawi imeneyi mzinda anathandiza lalikulu la ankhondo, imene inali ya Alsatians, Austrians, Germany ndi French.

Tsiku 5 January 1477 anasonyeza koopsya kwa asilikali a Charles molimba mtima. Wosanyengereredwa kupewa kuposa Goliyati manambala, izo inawonongedwa. Mkulu yekha anaphedwa pankhondo. Patapita masiku ochepa thupi lake ziwalo ndi kuwavula looters mabala, anapezeka mu mtsinje pafupi. Anadula nkhope yake inali ndisawazindikire kuti Duke anali kudziwa yekha dokotala la zipsera akale.

Zokhumudwitsa zotsatira za ulamuliro wa Charles

Imfa ya Charles molimba mtima wamaliza ndi lothandiza lonse mu mbiriyakale ya Burgundy. Iikidwe wolowa mu mzere wamwamuna, posakhalitsa wogawanika pakati banja lolamulira la Habsburg ndi korona French. Zachoka mtengo wa Duchy ngati woima boma European. Iwo anakhala gawo la mbiri ndiponso wolamulira indefatigable Karl Smely, amene yonena ndi mndandanda mosalekeza za nkhondo ndi yokopa. Zimenezi n'zosadabwitsa, chifukwa moyo wake wonse anali akapolo ku zokhumba zawo.

Opandamantha wankhondo ndi wandale zoipa

Kaperekedwe Charles molimba mtima, nampatsa ofufuza, ndi maganizo ndithu. Palibe angatsutse kuti mphamvu zonse anatumiza kwa nkhani Burgundy wake ndi acceding m'mayiko anagonjetsa anagula ukulu kwambiri. Komabe, chifukwa cha mfundo militarist wakhala pa kugwa kwa duchy ndi impoverishment ambiri. Analeredwa m'nyumba ya bambo ake, Philip Wabwino, Charles ankati mfundo za chivalry, koma, malinga ndi miyambo yake, kuphedwa mwanjira iliyonse anthu osalakwa analanda midzi.

funso n'lakuti: chifukwa Charles molimba mtima amatchedwa "lomaliza Knight"? Mwina, yankho lake lili chakuti iye anali mmodzi wa iwo amene ankaganiza masewera ndale ndipo zokhota manyazi ndi osayenera ankaona kuti muthetse onse nkhondo lotseguka, monga mokomera ndi Knight woona. Mosakayikira, njira zimenezi adzapereka otchuka kwa munthu aliyense payekha, koma chifukwa mutu wa boma ndi zosayenela. utsogoleri dziko ndi limodzi kuchokera ndale zamafumu, ndipo mu chaputala ichi tiyenera kukhala katswiri.