Woyamba Russian zisinthe: zifukwa ndi zotsatira

Woyamba Russian zisinthe - izi ndi unyolo wonse wa zochitika zimene zinayamba pa January 9, 1905 ndipo zinatha mpaka 1907 unali ndi Russian Ufumu. zochitika izi zidzatheka chifukwa panopa m'dziko la zinthu kunachitika m'zaka za m'ma 20.

Woyamba Russian zisinthe anasonyeza kuti kusintha kwakukulu ofunika boma. Komabe, Nicholas II anali mu palibe mofulumira ndi kusinthika mu dziko.

Zimayambitsa wa Russian zisinthe loyamba:

• chuma (mavuto padziko lonse zachuma kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 20; chitukuko cha backwardness pa ulimi ndi m'mafakitale);
• chikhalidwe (chitukuko cha bizinesi sanali zikuphatikizapo kusintha njira zakale za moyo wa anthu, choncho kutsutsana pa dongosolo latsopano ndi zotsala yakale);
• ndale (mavuto a mphamvu wamkulu, ulamuliro wa kugwa lonse la tsarist Russia pambuyo pa imfa ya chigonjetso mu mofulumira Chirasha Japanese nkhondo, ndipo Motero, kutsegula mwa magulu otsutsa kumanzere);
• national (kusowa kwa ufulu wa mitundu ndi digiri yapamwamba yokumba).

Kodi mphamvu analiko Russia pamaso zitasintha? Choyamba, ndi kayendedwe owolowa manja, ozikidwa pa anthu otchuka ndi bourgeoisie. Kachiwiri, ndi malangizo ndiwofatsa. Kachitatu, kayendedwe kwakukulu-demokalase.

Kodi Cholinga cha ulimi loyamba?

1) kuthetsa nkhani zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo ulimi, ntchito, dziko;

2) napasula autocracy;

3) kukhazikitsidwa kwa dziko;

4) Anthu Azikhala Mofanana;

5) ufulu woyankhula ndi kusankha.

Woyamba Russian zisinthe anali wa khalidwe bourgeois-demokalase. Chifukwa chake kukhazikitsa anali zochitika za chiyambi cha January, ndi dzina la "amagazi Sunday". Zima m'mawa, ulendo mtendere antchito anawalozera kwa mfumu, anakhumudwitsa chithunzi chake ndi apadera "Mulungu Pulumutsani Tsar ...." Pa mutu wa chionetsero cha anali wansembe Gapon. Adakali bwinobwino ngati iye anali angakuthandizeni a boma kapena kutsatira za ulendo wa mtendere, monga mofulumira mwadzidzidzi akhala chinsinsi ... The zochitika amagazi Sunday linaphetsa antchito. Mwambo umenewu anapereka kutsogolera olimba revitalization wa onse magulu lamanzere phiko. Iwo anayamba woyamba wamagazi Russian zisinthe.

Nicholas II amatenga manifestos angapo, kuphatikizapo "Manifesto pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa State Duma" ndi "Manifesto pa kusintha gosporyadka". zikalata zonse ziwiri m'njira loona mawu anayamba mafunde. Pa zisinthe, ntchito zinachitikadi 2 State Duma, amene anali kusungunuka pamaso pa tsiku la kutha. Pambuyo pa kuvunda kwa wachiwiri adalowa mphamvu "Chachitatu wa dongosolo la ndale," womwe zidatheka pambuyo kuphwanya Nicholas II Manifesto ya October 17, 1905.

Woyamba Russian zisinthe, zimayambitsa amene anali padziko kwa nthawi yaitali, zinachititsa chakuti ndale zinasintha ku Russia ndi zinthu zokhudza nzika. m'chiwembucho komanso wafunsira kusintha agrarian. Komabe, 1st Russian utasintha chiyani mabvuto zikuluzikulu - kuwonongedwa kwa autocracy. Nicholas 1 ndi autocracy mu Russia adzapulumuka zaka 10.