Gauleiter mu Germany - Ndani uyu? Ufumu wolowezana wa Nazi Party

Mbiri ya Nazi Germany ndi sakhalitsa, koma wamagazi kwambiri. Yambani kunapatsa Wamkulu Depression (Great Depression) - padziko lonse mavuto azachuma, umene unayamba mu 1929, ndipo makamaka zokhudza ntchito ya dziko lalikulu: United States ndi Canada, UK, France ndi Germany. Mu 1933 iye anawononga Republic Weimar ndipo linali lothandiza kwambiri pa kuwuka kwa ulamuliro Adolf Hitler.

Alandira mphamvu

mamiliyoni asanu lova okwana kukula kusakhutira nzika wafunsira ndi radicalization lakuthwa (kwambiri wotsimikizika kudzipereka ku maganizo ena) wa kampani. Ambiri anali kudzithandiza, chikominisi (pafupifupi 17%), koma kumbali ya NSDAP anali pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri. Adolf Hitler anawonongedwa mu njira yake mphamvu ndi awo, ndi ena, ndipo zotsatira zake n'zakuti 30 January 1933 anakhala Chancellor wa Germany.

Nazi Germany anali boma lopondereza ndi dongosolo chipani chimodzi chokha (ngati ankhanza zonsezi), malamulo a boma amene anali mkati uchigawenga ndi kukula kunja.

lopondereza State

M'magawo mukukhala, ndi akapolo onse a ku Ulaya anali lili ndi m'misasa imfa ndi mantha anakhala ponseponse ndipo lamulo. Nazi Germany wamwalira pamodzi ndi Hitler wake nayo, koma mwalamulo ulamuliro wa Hitler unatha 23 May 1945, pa nthawi imene anali kusungunuka ndi boma Flensburg lotsogoleredwa ndi Karl Doenitz. Kuwonongedwa kwa ndiponso kusala anthu oponderezedwa - nduna lamulo la boma mzukwa, lomwe lilipo kwa zaka 12. Amene analamulira madera ambiri anagonjetsa, yemwe ankayang'anira kukhazikitsidwa ndi kutsatira "kuti latsopano" m'mayiko zopatsidwa kwa iye?

wagawo Political

Gauleiter mu Germany - ndi boma, olemedwa ndi mphamvu zonse pa ntchitoyi ndi dera lawo wagawo, kapena "Gau" imene anamuika kukhala Mfumu yekha. Kwenikweni, ndi chigawo mutu. Mu 1933 - mutu malamulo, amene anali 33. Kenako, pamene madera anagonjetsa, zigawo (osati kupambana) anali 43. Ngakhale mu 1925 pambuyo analephera "Beer Hall Putsch" wa NSDAP anali reorganized, chifukwa mu udindo wa Gauleiter anaonekera. Ndipo mu 1928 positi m'gulu mndandanda wa tithe phwando, ndipo chizindikiro ake awiri thundu tsamba buttonholes awo.

Utsogoleri wolowezana wa ulamuliro wa Hitler

Tithe ku Germany, chiwerengero ndi kanali anali asilikali, SS, chipani. Popeza mtsogoleri gau a dongosolo yamasika, m'pofunika, ndiponso pa phwando zida za Ulamuliro wa Nazi. udindo wapamwamba pa mlingo Imperial wogwidwa Reichsleiter (wamkulu pambuyo Hitler), ndiye Gau anali mwachibadwa Gauleiter, Boma ankaimira krayslyayter ndi orstgruppenlyayter anali makamaka kwanuko. Iwo akhoza kunena kuti Gauleiter mu Germany - ndi mutu wa Nazi Party kumupatsa ntchito chosagawanika m'deralo, ndiko kuti, Iye akutenga malo apamwamba a chipani a m'dera lino. mphamvu zake anali kumeneko analamulira, kokha ntchito ya Mfumu anaima pamaso pake. Iye anali lake mphamvu dongosolo, atumiki, ndicho yomweyo kumbuyo Gauleiter anali wachiwiri wake, amene inanena kuti gauptamtslyayter kapena wamkulu woyang'anira zochitika mkati chipani. Ndiye kuti anabwera amtslyayter, gaptshtellenlyayter, shtellenlyayter ndi mitarbayter.

mutu chipani

Monga taonera kale, Gauleiter mu Germany - ndi chimodzi mwa zigawo pamwamba pa National Socialist Antchito Party Nazi Germany. Mpaka 1939. "Gauleiter" anali ndi udindo komanso mutu, pambuyo - malo okha. Ndipo wachiwiri Gauleiter - pambuyo 1939 akhoza nyamulani positi ndi ntchito za pa udindo ndi befelslyaytera gauptdinstlyaytera. Iwo anali kulamulidwa kuvala armband, kutsimikizira udindo wake. Party utsogoleri wolowezana wa ulamuliro wa Hitler ndi zosokoneza ndithu. Hitler analenga unitary boma, boma ndi chipani zida zimene zinaphatikizidwa zotheka.

Amene ali Reichskommissar

Gauleiter mu Germany - ndi onse lachifumu kazembeyo. Anali wokoma mtima ndi mkulu wa pulezidenti zopatsidwa kwa iye, "Gau". Izi ndi zofunika kwambiri si choncho. Mfumu yoikidwa Gauleiter maboma azigawo atsatila.

Komabe, itatsala udindo Reichskommissars kapena nduna. Kwenikweni, Reichskommissar kuchita ntchito ya boma popanda kulowa matabwa ake, ndipo mwachindunji Kumvetsela yekha kwa Mfumu. Kwambiri konyezimira Mwachitsanzo - Hermann Goering pa malo Ulamuliro wa Nazi Aviation. Koma monga akapolo kwa dziko koposa, posts awa akhala koyamba madera atsopano kuchita pa iwo lamulo lachifumu. cholinga chake chokhacho anali motere: mu gawo loyamba - Finyani zonse zotheka mwa zigawo izi, mphalapala powononga zachuma ndi anthu chuma, pa chachiwiri - bwino, adzawonongeratu kapena yosintha mu nyama zonyamula katundu anthu kumeneko komanso kukonza gawo atsamunda German kwawo.

Kupititsa Chigawo cha madera akapolo

Pakuti ukapolo lenileni la dziko linalanda Reichskommisariat zotsatirazi zinalengedwa: Netherlands, Norway, Ostland, Ukraine (linakhazikitsidwa August 20, 1941, lomwe likulu lake mu Rivne), Muscovy, ndi Caucasus ndi Turkestan. Only otsiriza awiri anakonza, Muscovy unakhazikitsidwa, koma anabalalitsa zifukwa zoonekeratu. Ukraine ovutika - mu 1942 Koch anaikidwa Gauleiter ya Ulamuliro wa Nazi ku dziko lino. Ndani - Erich Koch, pamwamba amene dzuwa, komanso wozizira - Hitler yekha? Malo ndi maudindo iye anali zokwanira. Pa nkhani imeneyi, tisaiwale kuti, kuwonjezera posts onse pamwamba, maudindo, mabungwe akwanitse chinthu mmodzi - mphamvu zopanda malire komanso anali mkulu wa makonzedwe a boma, ndipo ankagwira Erich Koch (District Bialystok).

Onse akugwira Koch

Komanso, izi Obergruppenfiihrer CA (leytinant-General wa Army) anali Gauleiter ndi oberprezidentom East Prussia. Pa malo a Ulamuliro wa Nazi Ukraine iye anakhala mpaka 1944, motero aligning onse udindo pamwambapa. Ndipo maudindo onse chinasiyana pa mwano ndi nkhanza kuposa wina alonda onse Nazi. Izi yaikulu functionary Nazi kuposa wina aliyense wodziwika mu dziko lathu ndendende chifukwa anali gulu la Ukraine, ngakhale dzina lake amagwirizana ndi kutha kwa a Amber Malo, ndi kufika kwa nthumwi Ribbentrop mu 1939 mu Moscow.

Nazi bonze

Erich Koch mu zenizeni tanthauzo Gauleiter a Ukraine sanali, iye anali Ulamuliro wa Nazi Commissioner, chifukwa mutu "Gauleiter" linathetsedwa mu 1939. Ambiri mwina, mu chikumbumtima anthu akuti izi inextricably kumachititsanso ndi mfundo makamu, kudzudzula mphamvu zopanda malire, imene anagwiritsa chathunthu. Ngakhale nkhani umatchedwa "Gauleiter Ulamuliro wa Nazi Commissariat Ukraine." Mwachidule - mwini kapolo amene ndi Russian (Soviet kapena zambiri) iwo sapita. Koch ankanena kuti Wamkulu Germany moyo anthu si ndakuwonetserani, kotero za aliyense wa kulamulira ndi kuzunza kumene si akuyankhula, iwo amangokhala lidzawonongedwa. Mwina zidzawonjezedwa kuti inquisitor zaka 36 anakhala mu m'malo omasuka, monga iwo anamanga ndende palokha, ndipo boma Soviet sanafune extradition wake. Iye anakhala ndi moyo zaka 90.

zikumera a Wachiwiri-Nazism

Gauleiter la Germany anali agalu ambiri okhulupirika Adolf Hitler. Nkhondo itatha, udindo uwu anakumbukira zaka 50 chifukwa cha "Circle wa Nauman," kapena "Circle wa Gauleiters." Ndiye, mu dziko limeneli kwambiri anafulumizitsidwa kayendedwe ka Wachiwiri-Anazi. Yolimbikitsa kumbuyo Naumann (Mtumiki wa Press ndi Propaganda ya ulamuliro wa Hitler), akale ntchito za Nazi ankafuna kudutsa lopambana malamulo ndi wamkulu boma la Germany.