Nkhondo ya 1812

Kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo ya 1812, zimayambitsa ndilo chilakolako cha Napoleon kumalamulira dziko, nalanda onse a boma, wakhala chinthu chapamwamba kwambiri mu mbiri ya dziko lathu. Pa nthawi imeneyo, kuchokera ku Ulaya anapitiriza zinthu paokha, kokha Russia ndi England. Makamaka sakumvetsa Napoleon anali ndi boma Russian, akupitirizabe kutsutsa patsogolo mokwiya ake ndi mwadongosolo akuphwanya anatseka misewu chokhala.

Kulowa kulimbana ndi France, Russia anali kumbuyo limati monarchical a ku Ulaya.

Mwa kukonzekera nkhondo kuyambira 1810 pa chaka. Russia ndi France amadziwa kuti nkhondo mosalephera.

The French Mfumu anatumiza asilikali mu Duchy wa Warsaw, kulenga zida malo kumeneko. Russia anachita mantha ndipo anayamba kuculuka kukula kwa asilikali m'madera kumadzulo.

Kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo ya 1812 anayamba nkhondo ya Napoleon pa 12 June. 600,000th French asilikali anawoloka Neman.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, boma la Russia zachitika dongosolo kukakumana ndi adani. Iye analenga izo Prussian asilikali theorist Ful. Malinga ndi dongosolo, lonse Russian asilikali anali ndi mbali zitatu. magulu The anasankhidwa Bagration, Tormasov, Barclay de A Tolly. Ndi kopanda, Fulya, asilikali a ku Russia ankafunika abwerere udindo zokhalamo zonse ndi united, kulimbana kumbuyo alimbane wa French. Komabe, Nkhondo ya 1812, anayamba m'njira yosiyana. asilikali Russian anabwerera, ndipo Napoleon anali kuyandikira Moscow. Ngakhale kukana Russian, French anapezeka okha pafupi likulu.

Nkhani ina amene anayamba kutenga mawonekedwe, adamfunsa kanthu mwamsanga. Mkulu wa asilikali Russian wotanganidwa Kutuzov 20 August.

Yofunika nkhondo chinachitika pa August 26 pafupi ndi mudzi wa Borodino (Borodino nkhondo). Nkhondo imeneyi inali yamagazi tsiku limodzi nkhondo mbiri dziko. Mu nkhondo imeneyi, panalibe wopambana. Koma otayika anali osiyana. Komabe, potaya zinthu, Kutuzov anaganiza abwerere pambuyo nkhondo. Anaganiza kutumiza ku Moscow wopanda nkhondo. anthu onse ananyamuka mwa likulu, ndipo mumzindawo kutenthedwa.

asilikali September 2 Napoleon anabwera kwa Moscow. Mkulu Wolamulira wa French ankaganiza kuti Muscovites Mudzambweza mafungulo ku mzinda. Koma mzindawo unawotchedwa, anatentha nkhokwe onse ndi zida ndi zinthu zina.

Napoleon sankadziwa choti nkuchita lotsatira. Mu ankhondo, kuyambira lidzangowonongeka chilango, asilikali anayamba aledzere. Mpaka 7 October, asilikali French anali mu Moscow. Napoleon anaganiza abwerere kum'mwera, m'madera osati munali nkhondo.

Nkhondo lotsatira anali kumenyana pa Maloyaroslavets. Papita katundu ndewu imene French asilikali chinachepa. Napoleon anali kugwera mmbuyo pa njira yomweyo imene iye anadza (pa Smolensk akale).

The ndewu zotsatirazi inachitika pansi wofiira, Vyazma, pafupi ulendo wa Berezina. Asilikali Russian anali pothamangitsa French kuchoka m'dziko lawo. Choncho inatha kuwukira Napoleon wa Russia.

Kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo ya 1812 inatha December 23, monga Alexander 1 anasaina Ndondomeko. Komabe, kampeni Napoleon anapitiriza. Nkhondo kunachitika mpaka 1814.

Kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo ya 1812. Zotsatira

Asilikali kanthu pamene anakhala ndi wofunika m'mbiri chochitika mu Russia. nkhondo Izi zayambitsa uyenderere mu chikumbumtima mtundu wa anthu Russian. Nkhondo ndi Napoleon chinkhoswe mwamtheradi anthu onse, kaya akhale a msinkhu.

Chigonjetso mu kukonda dziko lako Nkhondo ya 1812 anatsimikizira Russian ungwazi ndi kulimba mtima. Izi nkhondo anapereka mbiri ya anthu otchuka: Kutuzov, Rajewski, Bagration, Tormasov ndi zina akazembe Russia, amene mayina awo ali kosatha mbiri. Nkhondo ndi asilikali Napoleon ankaimira chitsanzo chidwi kwambiri wodzipereka chipulumutso cha anthu a kwawo.