General Walter Von Reichenau: yonena, zikayenda ndi mbiri

Field polimbana wa Nazi Germany WALTHER Von Reichenau (Walter Von Reichenau) anali mmodzi wa ochepa akapitawo mkulu wa asilikali yemwe ndi Wehrmacht, amene anathandiza mwachangu Nazi. Pa WWII, iye anali mkulu wa asilikali a dziko 6. Iwo anali ndi asilikali ake anatenga Paris mu 1940, komanso Kiev ndi Kharkov mu 1941.

yonena

Walter Reichenau anabadwa October 8, 1884 ku Karlsruhe (German Ufumu). Bambo ake anali Prussian ambiri. Reichenau banja anali mizu wolemekezeka ndipo anali wolemera mokwanira. Mu XIX zaka zoyambirira za XX atumwi linali imodzi mwa mafakitale waukulu mipando inali ku Germany.

Kumapeto kwa 1930 banja anasankha kupandukira izo kwa Nazi yemwe analowa mu kampani usilikali ndipo anayamba kutulutsa pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida nkhondo. Pamene mu 1945, adani anayamba bomba mzinda wa Karlsruhe pa fakitale yake inawonongedwa, ndi yasowa chikoka ndi chuma cha Reichenau banja.

Ali ndi zaka 18, achinyamata, Walter anaganiza kupanga ntchito ya usilikali, ndiponso usilikali. Poyamba anali mu 1 Prussian zida zankhondo Regiment. Patapita zaka ziwiri iye analimbikitsa kuti msilikali, ndi mu 1912 iye analimbikitsa kuti msilikali.

The World loyamba

Nkhondo isanayambe itayamba, Walter Von Reichenau anali wophunzira wa Berlin usilikali Academy, kumene iye anaphunzitsa anyamata onse a General Wogwila. Ndi mliri wa Nkhondo pa Western Front, iye amayenera kubwerera ku wagawo, kumene iye anali msilikali wothandiza mfumu uja kwa mtsogoleri wa Regiment lapansi. Patapita kanthawi, iye anasamutsidwa ku General Wogwila 47. Reserve Division.

First World Walter Von Reichenau maphunziro ndi udindo wa mkulu, koma chifukwa cha utumiki wopambana, iye anali kupereka pa Iron Cross Ine ndi II digiri, Order wa Nyumba ya Hohenzollern ndi zizindikiro zina zingapo kusiyana. Pambuyo pake, anatumikira mu General Wogwila usilikali District, munaima Münster, komanso mkulu wa kampani mfuti. Mu 1923, kale mu udindo wa Major poyamba ulendo England. Pochokera kumeneko, adatenga malo osiyana ndodo mu Berlin ndipo kumapeto kwa 1927 anakhala kazembe wa battalion wa Stuttgart. Popeza pasanathe zaka ziwiri anakhala msilikali wamkulu.

Kenako Reichenau tibwerere ku England, koma nthawi iyi iye kuno kwa miyezi ingapo. Chakumapeto 1929, izo kukhala anakumbukira ku Berlin ndipo anasankha mtsogoleri wa ndodo seconded kuti Woyang'anira pa Utumiki wa zoulutsa wa Reichswehr. malo A unachitikira mpaka February 1931, ali asanalandirebe tinapangana mu East Prussia. Patatha chaka chimodzi, analandira Kukwezeleza wina ndi udindo wa wamkulu.

Wothandizira Nazi achangu

Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti kuchokera pachiyambi cha Reichenau kwambiri ndi maganizo a Socialism National. Mu 1932, amalume ake, admirer lalikulu la Hitler, anayambitsanso mphwake ndi fano lake. Ndiyeno, akuonetsa kuti Mtsogoleri tsogolo la abwana ake Werner Von Blomberg.

Chaka chotsatira, pa 30 January, Adolf Hitler anayamba la Germany. Nthawi yomweyo anapereka Blomberg, nduna ya nkhondo, ndipo anayambitsa iwo Reichenau - mutu wa Dipatimenti pa Utumiki Reichswehr pa awarding ndi udindo wotsatira wa Major General. mwamsanga unali mtundu wa kugwirizana pakati pa mabwana Nazi ndiponso asilikali.

Kumayambiriro 1933, anatula pansi pa mtsogoleri wa asilikali a dziko German Kurt Von Hammerstein. M'malomwake, akufuna ndi candidacy wa Reichenau, Hitler, Hindenburg, koma pazifukwa zina, mwamphamvu anakana ndipo anapereka malo Werner Von Fritsch.

"Night wa Long Mipeni"

Choncho, Walter Von Reichenau, mbiri, ntchito ndi chiyambi chimene onse ntchito kuchokera pachiyambi anali kugwirizana ndi Nazi wakhala mwachangu anathandiza Mfumu tsogolo kulanda mphamvu mu dziko. Anazindikira kuti mu nkhani ya kugwa kwa Nazi Party, ndi udindo wake idzakhale itatha muyaya. Reichenau anaona stormtrooper detachments ndi kukhala wamphamvu, ndi akazembe German anali kukonzekera kuimba mlandu Rohm ndipo ndi Hitler, kotero mwamsanga kuti zinthu ndi Goering ndi Himmler, mkulu wa SS. Iwo anali osati kuyika ndi mphamvu kwambiri kuposa kale za SA. Atakambirana ndi Hitler, ndi atatu anaganiza kuti kunja imeneyi pali njira imodzi yokha kuchokera - kugonjetsa stormtroopers kupha Ernsta Rema.

CA pa dongosolo liquidation anali wokonzeka nthawi. Ntchito anapatsidwa dzina la "Night wa Long Mipeni." Chifukwa, ndi kuyeretsa otchedwa analandidwa ndi mfuti pafupifupi 150 posachedwapa CA mitu. Choona chidwi ndi asilikali sanatenge gawo mu nkhondo imeneyi, monga anachitira lamulo lachindunji: "Kodi saletsa" Ndipo apa, Walter Von Reichenau kamodzinso kuchita ntchito yake mwachizolowezi wa Mtumiki, koma tsopano pakati pa SS ndi asilikali. Komanso, amadziwika kuti anali munthu amene atulukira Nazi zigaŵenga zida.

Kupititsa

Hitler anayamba kulamulira pambuyo pa imfa Pulezidenti Hindenburg a. Nthawi yomweyo anathetsa malo, ndipo anawatcha Chancellor ndi Mfumu ya ulamuliro wa Hitler. Onse asilikali ndi alonda posakhalitsa anapatsidwa lumbiro latsopano, Zakasakaniza amene analemba Reichenau. Izi zisanachitike, onse ankhondo analumbira kuti adzakhala okhulupirika kwa dziko ndi anthu, ndipo tsopano panokha kwa Mfumu. Lumbiro limeneli analandira mwayi, chifukwa sapereka kuthekera alonda German nawo chiwembu chilichonse ndi Hitler yekha.

Powona chidwi imeneyi, Mfumu m'chilimwe cha 1935 ndi Reichenau ku Mulingo wa Major General ndipo anamuika mkulu wa 7 Region usilikali. Mu 1938, mkulu wakale wa Blomberg inachotsedwa malo mkulu wa asilikali a dziko. Imeneyi, Reichenau osati kukweza chala kuti inayake bwana wake wakale, chifukwa pa nthawi amayenera positi. Padakali pano, positi anapereka WALTHER Von Brauchitsch, amene analamulira 4. Army Group.

Ine ndiyenera kunena kuti sanali ngati anthu ena, chifukwa, mosiyana ndi iwo sanali dera lawo, ndi mafoni. Ndi 4 asilikali gulu ndipo anapita Reichenau kugonjera. Nkosafuna kunena kuti anali ndi udindo waukulu: iye ankaganizira m'manja oyang'anira onse amene analenga mphamvu German m'manja, komanso mapangidwe atsopano. Tsopano oti muli nazo zida magawano analamula Guderian ndi Hoth, motsogoleredwa izo, WALTHER Von Reichenau. atsogoleri Nazi ankawalemekeza, ndi kuvala ndime nawo.

Nkhondo ya USSR

M'nkhani ina n'zosatheka kufotokoza kupambana onse amene anali kulamulidwa ndi magulu German mafoni molamulidwa ndi Walter Von Reichenau pa chiyambi cha nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse. Komabe, nkhondo yake yomaliza Satana Soviet Union. asilikali ake pa nthawi imeneyo anadzatchedwa 6 ndipo tsopano iye anali m'gulu la asilikali "South" molamulidwa ndi Gerd Von Rundstedt.

Monga amadziwika, Reichenau ndi asilikali ake anatenga gawo mu adani a ntchito Kiev, Kharkov, Belgorod, Kursk. Komanso iye anaika dzanja lake kwa chilengedwe ndi wotsatira liquidation mumsampha wa asilikali Soviet. Pambuyo opaleshoni analephera pa Moscow, Rundstedt anachotsedwa ndipo m'malo mwa Reichenau, amene anali wokhoza kuti asiye yozizira amanyansidwa a asilikali Soviet ndi kukhala pa maudindo mukukhala ndi pakati pa chaka chamawa.

Imfa Nazi ambiri

Mmodzi frosty January tsiku mu 1942, General Walter Von Reichenau, mwachizolowezi, anapita kwa m'mawa lumpha. Patapita kanthawi, mu apolisiwo nyansi, anayamba chaukali mtima chifukwa cha zomwe anakomoka. akuyesetsa madokotala kutsitsimutsa naye kwa masiku asanu, akhala bwino, kotero pa January 17, anaganiza kusamutsira Field kulamulira mu Leipzig ndi ndege, zingwe iye mpando.

Pa njira, ndege nawo pa ngozi, ndi Reichenau, mwa zina, analinso kwambiri m'mutu choipa. Komabe, ndi Madzulo akadali kwa ndege Leipzig, koma kunapezeka kuti 57 wazaka Nazi ambiri anali atafa kale.

chithunzi mbiri

Kodi munthu anali Walter Von Reichenau? "The otsutsa lankhondo la Russia" - buku Borisa Frolova, pamene iye anayesera kuti recreate zithunzi mbiri yotchuka kwambiri akazembe Western amene anamenya pa nthawi ndi dziko lathu. Malinga ndi iye, anali wachangu, osasunthika, mwankhanzaku ndi wankhanza. chikhalidwe chake palokha ndipo maganizo awo pa nkhani zambiri njira zambiri anakwiyitsa Hitler.

Ndi popanda nkhanza akuwonetseredwa mu ubale kwa nzika ya Soviet Union anasiya chilembo chakuda pa mbiri yake. mankhwala ake yoipa akaidi a nkhondo ndi anthu wamba, komanso changu aliuma amene wopereka kuti "Pa Commissioner" Hitler zikuyendera. theka chabe chaka kupeza asilikali ake pa dera la USSR, manja awo anaphedwa pa 1 miliyoni nzika Soviet. akazembe zotere Reichenau ndi monga, kuti athe akuimira owopsa ndi nkhanza ulamuliro umene uli Fascism.