China - m'dziko kwambiri ambiri mu dziko

Kumapeto kwa October 2011 alionse padziko lonse kuposa biliyoni 7. chakuti dziko kwambiri ambiri m'dziko - China, kudziwika kwa aliyense, ndipo chiri choona kuyambira nthawi makedzana. Pakuti mbiri lowonekeratu wa chitukuko anthu , anthu China wakhala ochuluka kuposa. Ndi N'zosadabwitsa mavuto zaziwerengero tikhale pano lonse makamaka lalikulu.

nkhani

Mu zaka za m'ma XIX linali Chinese anthu atatu padziko lathuli. Dziko kwambiri ambiri m'dziko chonena pamene anthu pafupifupi mamiliyoni 420, ndipo anthu, amanenera, anthu biliyoni 1,25 lonse. Kuchepa kwa malo oyenera ulimi, ngakhale kukula lalikulu la dziko, nthawi zonse zoyenera, koma pa nthawi China pamene ulimi amatenga ambiri, iwo apeza pamlingo waukulu.

Kuyambira 1850 ku China anayamba nkhondo yoopsayo, amene anabweretsa ndi Taiping, amene ankakhala kum'mwera kwa dziko. Iwo anapandukira Manchu Qing Mafumu, pa mbali ya asilikali achilendo anali - British ndi French. Pakuti theka khumi, anapha 20 kuti anthu okwana 30 miliyoni. chiwerengero chake akale ndi ambiri ku dziko wakhala n'kulipeza chiyambi chabe cha nkhondo ina - Dziko Lonse Yoyamba.

Zikamera wa China

Zotsatira za nkhondo ndi Japan anali China osati monga zoopsa monga zotsatira za kupanduka Taiping. Ngakhale kuti imfa ya asilikali Chinese inali nthawi eyiti woposa wa Imperial Japan, osawerengeka chuma mkati mwa China kwachititsa chakuti ndi mapeto a nkhondo, chiwerengero cha anthu chawonjezeka miliyoni 538.

The nkhondo Japan m'malo ndi aboma - kumenya anthu Kutulutsidwa Army motsutsa KMT. Chifukwa cha kupambana kwa asilikali Mao Zedong ndi anthu ambiri m'dziko la dziko anapitiriza kulibe pansi dzina latsopano - Republic.

The zaziwerengero mfundo kuzisiya

Choyamba, boma latsopano amapereka mapangidwe mabanja akuluakulu. Ndi 1960, chiwerengero cha anthu oposa 650 China. Koma kwambiri mfundo zachuma wa Party Communist la China lotsogoledwa ndi "mmodzi wowongolera lalikulu" kwachititsa kuti vuto zoopsa ndi makonzedwe a chakudya. Chifukwa cha njala anaphedwa, malinga ndi ziwerengero zosiyanasiyana, anthu 20 miliyoni 40. Koma zomvetsa anali kuchepetsa ndi ziwawa kubadwa, ndi Mipingo oyambirira, anthu China anafikira anthu mamiliyoni 969.

Njira imodzi kulimbana kuchepa kwa ulimi Mao ndinaganiza zakulera. CCP ali anapezerapo kampeni wina, tsopano pansi pa chiphiphiritso cha "banja limodzi - mwana wina". Pansi Mwambi ichi watengera malamulo kusamalira dongosolo kuyeza chilango zikamera wa mwana wachiwiri m'banja. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa anthu pa zaka khumi zapitazi utachepa.

mokoma ziwerengero

Ngakhale lero amadzadyanso wochokera chachisanu - nzika ya China, ndipo kuli anthu ambiri ku dziko - nyenyezi yaing'ono boma la Monaco, zochitika za pa yokhala okha akuimira zinthu zaziwerengero. chiwerengero cha Chinese pa mtunda umodzi ² - 648 anthu, limene katatu zosakwana chiwerengero cha nzika za Monaco pa malo omwewo, koma anapatsidwa kusiyana mu kukula kwa maiko awiri, tikhoza kunena kuti chizindikiro zaziwerengero mu China - mmodzi wa wapamwamba dziko.

Izi ndi chifukwa likamaomba kwambiri a anthu. M'madera ena, makamaka m'madera ambiri matauni, anthu kachulukidwe ndi kangapo kuposa m'madera palibe ngakhale olimapo dziko. Mwina, Bangladesh - kwenikweni kuli anthu ambiri m'dzikoli ulimi mu dziko, koma kufunika kwa wakale mwambi Chinese "Anthu ambiri, koma ochepa a dziko lapansi" anatsindika.

ziyembekezo

Policy Population kukula zoletsa ku China kubala zipatso Komabe, kuti pakhale mavuto ena pa nthawi yomweyo - kuwonjezeka lakuthwa mu anthu okalamba ndi disparity pakati pa chiwerengero cha amuna ndi akazi. Ngakhale nzika apeza njira zosiyanasiyana circumvent chiletso kwa mwana wachiwiri - mwachitsanzo, amayi ambiri amabereka m'mayiko ena, komwe ana kulandira dziko lina - boma Chinese ndi wofunitsitsa kuganizira okhwima mfundo anthu, makamaka m'madera a kumidzi.

Akatswiri ukuonetsa kuti pofika chaka cha 2050 lidzakhala zenizeni osiyana yankho la funso kuti kodi anthu ambiri ku dziko. kuwerengetsera amasonyeza kuti malo China mwina kutenga chimphona osauka dziko lina - India. Ngakhale lero, kusiyana ntchito a m'mayiko awiriwa si chachikulu chotere. Malinga ndi kafukufuku, pa chiyambi cha 2016 ku China, kunyumba kwa anthu 1.374.440.000 ku India - 1.283.370 000. Koma ngati kuganizira slowdown mu mlingo kukula kwa chiwerengero cha anthu mu mtsogoleri ndi azilandira lero kukula kwa chizindikiro ichi mu imodzi mwa mayiko ambiri pompopompo osauka, pa dziko ndiponso angathe zachuma, adzawononga zotuluka pa ziyembekezero zoterozo.