Ndi maziko methodological kwa GEF chiyani? Wamakono wa maphunziro Russian

Mfundo yatsopano anali molimba ntchito ya aphunzitsi. GEF anayambitsa nyengo yatsopano ya maphunziro Russian. Tiyeni tione zimene ndi maziko methodological ya GEF, kodi tiyenera kukhala mphunzitsi.

Kufunika kwa m'badwo wachiwiri miyezo

Mu 2010, atolankhani anali kuperekedwa zotsatira za kafukufuku PISA, yomwe imachitika m'mayiko 65, kuphatikizapo la Russia. Izi kafukufuku wa mayiko ankaona mafunso atatu:

• ngati mfundo mayiko a maphunziro;
• zimene kusintha zinachitika mu zaka zaposachedwapa mu dongosolo maphunziro;
• kodi malangizo a kusintha zina kulangiza ndi kuphunzitsa mu uthenga ulalikidwa-mkuzamawu.

Monga mbali ya kusanthula ntchito njira dongosolo ntchito kwa kafukufukuyu nawo ophunzira 15 wazaka. Lowunikira zinachitikadi pa mbali zotsatirazi: kuwerenga njira, luso mfundo, luso lachibadwa sayansi. inali ntchito kwa ofufuza: kuonanso bwino luso la ana kugwiritsa ntchito nzeru zopezera sukulu zinthu wamba.

Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa boma latsopano la Russia anali pa malo 45. Werengani m'maiko 65 obschebrazovatelnyh ophunzira sukulu kulemba. Akatswiri Russian anatchula ubwenzi mwachindunji pakati pa chuma cha banja ndi zotsatira zabwino za maphunziro a mwanayo. Atsogoleri a Korea South anayamba kafukufuku, Finland, China, Singapore.

Pafupifupi 27% a sukulu Russian sanasonyeze kufunika njira kuwerenga, 29% musati katswiri mfundo zofunika masamu, 22% musati katswiri chikhazikitso cha sayansi.

GEF-2 m'badwo zinakonzedwa monga yojambula weniweni maphunziro Russian. Mfundo ofotokoza kapangidwe - unsembe Baibulo la zonse za masukulu ndi "kukakwera-" kuti "zotsogola" chitsanzo, maphunziro omwe si buku-European. GEF Leo ndiAmene anatenga nkhani computerization la anthu, anayamba chikhazikitso cha chiphunzitso pamaziko a mawonedwe yatsopano yophunzitsa. Kumapeto kwa OU apite nzika bwino omwe competencies ndi luso, kukonda dziko ndi miyambo yawo. Palinso mbali zimasiyanitsa ya GEF Leo chikhomo kusintha kwa njira ya ukachenjede komanso kamangidwe pa maziko a dongosolo ntchito njira, kufunika kuchuluka kwa ntchito yophunzitsa Os.

Zaluso mu GEF

mawonedwe zofunika linasinthidwa kukhala ndi chidziwitso pa dongosolo ntchito. aphunzitsi pulayimale anazindikira kuti ndicho ngodya ndi maziko methodological ya GEF. Kwa phunziro lililonse, iwo amasonyeza luso chilengedwe chiphunzitso, amene ayenera patapita mwana aliyense.

A dongosolo maphunziro yapita patsogolo mphunzitsi anali ndi ntchito - kupereka ophunzira pazipita kuchuluka kwa zinthu zatsopano. Pakuti nzeru ntchito mawonedwe anakhala yamtunduwu njira, kukula munthu. GEF zochokera mmudzi maphunziro chifukwa komaliza. Udindo yankholo mu mfundo yatsopano pa onse otenga mbali mu ndondomeko maphunziro, kuphatikizapo wophunzira yekha.

Tsatirani funso kuti kodi maziko methodological ya GEF, ntchito mfundo ya maphunziro auzimu komanso makhalidwe umenewu. Mfundo yatsopano amafuna kusamala kwambiri kuti ndondomeko yophunzitsa Os. Zimene amaona sukulu monga galimoto Pawokha chikhalidwe. Du udindo kulera patriot ndi nzika, kwathunthu kukhala matalente ana, akulitse iwo, kusunga mogwirizana ndi mabanja a ana asukulu, mabungwe chikhalidwe.

Sukulu ndi Society kwa GEF luso anazindikira abwenzi, akulankhula za mgwirizano pakati pa boma la, Du banja.

Amaganiza kunyamuka kwa miyambo dongosolo gulu phunziro, kutukula luso mamangidwe chitukuko cha luso kufufuza palokha ndi kusankha nkhani.

Maziko methodological kwa kugwiritsa ntchito GEF kumafuna maluso a malingaliro, njira yosankhira, ndi kusanthula zotsatira. Polemba mbadwo watsopano wa GEF patsogolo anali mapangidwe luso kuphunzira ambiri ndi ntchito yawo zochitika zenizeni.

"Ofunika pachimake" ya GEF

Kutukula ndi chikhulupiriro chonse kuti Chachikulu kusiyana pakati pa GEF mu njira sanamvere kwa yomanga malo maphunziro pamaziko a chikhalidwe ofunika. Pa mapangidwe chuma kufunika kwa maphunziro ndi lodziwikiratu. Ndi chinthu chachikulu ntchito umisiri wotsogola, ku Russia mwayi mpikisano mu msika. Olemba zosiyana ndi ACU Molchanov S. V., Volodarskaya IA, Asmolov AG Iwo amakhulupirira kuti kunali koyenera kuti monga anafufuza chikhalidwe mu muyezo ambiri a maphunziro. RF kusintha kwa mafakitale kuti mudziwe mtundu anthu, limene amatsimikiza angathe mkulu nzeru. Ntchito yaikulu ya maphunziro mu zenizeni ngati ndi chidziwitso, umunthu, ambiri chikhalidwe chitukuko. mwana A amalandira maphunziro, ayenera kuphunzira.

Chithunzi cha GEF maphunziro kalasi 4

Pambuyo pa zaka zinayi kuphunzira wophunzirayo Ayenela:

• kukonda anthu a kwawo, m'mphepete;
• kulemekeza ndi kuvomereza makhalidwe a anthu ndi banja;
• ndi chidwi kufufuza dziko, kugwira ntchito ndi kufuna kudziwa;
• kuwagwiritsa kupeza nzeru, amene zochita anachita ndi anthu ndi banja;
• kumamveka, kumvetsera kwa munthu wina, kulimbikitsa maganizo anuanu, kufotokoza ndi;
• adzatsatira malamulo a moyo wathanzi.

Chithunzi cha GEF maphunziro a makalasi 9

Lingaliro la wamakono wa maphunziro amaika zinthu zina zofunika kwa graders chinayi:

• kukonda kwawo, dera kudziwa chinenero, kulemekeza miyambo wauzimu ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu ake;
• kuzindikira ndi kuvomereza makhalidwe a banja ndi moyo wa anthu, ololera kuti oimira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zipembedzo;
• ndi chidwi kudziwa dziko, kumvetsa kufunika kwa ntchito, kuganiza mozama, sayansi;
• athe kuona kufunika kwa kudzilungamitsa maphunziro, kugwiritsa ntchito nzeru anagula mu moyo wawo;
• ndikulemekeza malamulo a boma latsopano la Russia, kukhala chikhalidwe yogwira, adzalandira makhalidwe;
• amayamikira interlocutor kuchita kukambirana watanthauzo, ntchito ngati gulu kukwaniritsa cholinga ichi;
• bwino kuchita ndi kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha chilengedwe;
• kuganizira msika ntchito, kufunika kwa ntchito akatswiri kwa anthu.

Chithunzi cha GEF High School maphunziro

• kukonda ndi kusamalira dziko, dera, wodziwika miyambo yawo wauzimu ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu, kulemekeza anthu;
• kuzindikira ndi kuvomereza makhalidwe a anthu, banja, kulemekeza multiethnic, kumvetsa umwini wa dziko lawo;
• maganizo a kulenga ndi kudzudzula, purposefully kuphunzira za dziko lapansi, kutenga mtengo wa luso ndi sayansi anthu ndi anthu chinachititsa kuti kudziletsa maphunziro ndi kuphunzira mu moyo;
• mukudziwa ndizosowa chidziwitso cha dziko, kusonkhezeredwa ndi luso komanso kuganiza mozama;
• wokonzeka kuti mgwirizano, kugwiritsa ntchito yomangayo ndipo kafukufuku ntchito;
• kuzindikira eni monga anthu, kulemekeza malamulo m'dzikoli, udindo ku dziko, anthu, banja, anthu;
• wolemekezeka interlocutor maganizo kupeza mumafanana mu ndondomeko kukambirana;
• kuchititsa maphunziro kusankha amazindikira ntchito, kumvetsa kufunika kwake.

The zikuchokera muyezo

Wamakono wa maphunziro Russian kunali kofunika anapatsidwa zenizeni za anthu. muyezo zikuphatikizapo magulu atatu a zofunika:

• kuti pakhale maphunziro pa koyamba, pakati, mkulu mlingo wa maphunziro ;
• OOP dongosolo, buku chiŵerengero ndi zotsatira;
• anthu, chuma ndi zipangizo luso.

Nanga maziko methodological kwa GEF? Pakuti m'sukulu za pulayimale anapitiriza kugawikana mu madera osiyana nkhani, amapereka mapulani munthu maphunziro, Baibulo lake la maphunziro ndi ana olumala ndi mphatso ana (mphatso). mphunzitsi amachita monga namkungwi chakale amathandiza wophunzira kudzimvera kusintha ndi chitukuko.

Kodi kusintha mu sekondale (zonse) maphunziro pambuyo kumayambiriro GEF?

Choyamba mfundo zonse zimafuna kuchepetsa kwambiri chiwerengero cha nkhani. Wa anthu 21 adzakhala 12. latsopano umafuna muyezo ophunzira sekondale kusiya 6 madambwe, anyamata kusankha okha amafunika kulangidwa. Monga nkhani mokakamizidwa mu Du kumanzere: "Russia mu dziko", moyo chitetezo chikhalidwe thupi. chilango anasankha imatengedwa pa mbali zitatu za phunziro:

• gawo loyamba (Integrated);
• Gawo lachiwiri (m'munsi);
• Mbali yachitatu (mbiri).

Pakuti akufuna kuphunzira mbiri 5 maola kwa Integrated ndi tsinde - maola 3 sabata. Munthu maphunziro ophunzira sekondale zikuphatikizapo, atatu chofunika mfundo zitatu zitatu pachimake. Mlungu katundu sayenera upambana maola 33.

Luso ogwira

Bwino kumayambiriro mfundo yatsopano yophunzitsa zimadalira chiyeneretso cha aphunzitsi. Unduna wa Maphunziro a Federation ndi Russian wakhazikitsa malamulo atsopano kwa chitsimikizo cha aphunzitsi, komanso nthawi chofunika maphunziro (nthawi osachepera 1 zaka zinayi).

Inde ndi aphunzitsi ntchito anira pakati ndi mkulu wofotokozedwa maola 108 pa pulayimale sukulu - maola 72.

Pa nthawi imene oyamba wachiwiri m'badwo Os GEF

Maphunziro chachikulu unakhazikitsidwa mu 2015 a Mabwana Oyang'anira Ntchito mkulu - 2017. graders chachisanu, amene anabwera mu 2015 ku pulayimale, kumaliza maphunziro awo pansi mfundo yatsopano. M'dera lililonse ndi dera la Chitaganya cha Russia ndi malo apadera experimental. Mu misonkhano anthu uthenga ulalikidwa, misonkhano, kuyezetsa, ri zotsatira za luso. Standard wakhala nzothandiza mphamvu pa chitukuko akatswiri a mphunzitsi. Aphunzitsi ntchito mu mawonekedwe mwambo wa maphunziro, chabe kutumiza chidziwitso chanu kuti ana ankanena wailesi. GEF mbadwo watsopano mphunzitsi atenge mbali ya namkungwi, pamodzi ndi ana a kulenga ntchito amachita kafukufuku. Mlangizi ndi kulinganiza, mtsogoleri ntchito ana osati zinyama.

Kodi sizingakhale ana zimamuchulukira ndi dongosolo latsopano maphunziro?

Ngati Tikayerekeza wakewo a sukulu Russian ndi anzawo a ku Ulaya, kusiyana ndi pafupifupi 25%. Komanso, mu dziko alibe maholide yaitali monga mwa ophunzira Russian OU. Mu kusanthula maola mlungu uliwonse, pali overloading kwambiri ophunzira sukulu. Mu Russia, kutalika osachepera sukulu - zaka 10, pamene mu mayiko a "dziko lapansi lakale" ana kuphunzira zaka 12-13. Pamene kutambasuka kwa moyo GEF sukulu mpaka zaka 12 zimatulutsa anyamata angayerekeze kukayikira kusowa nthawi pa mbiri ya mwambowu.

Pomaliza

mumaganiza Chatsopano mu Maphunziro thandizo kupanga umunthu bwino, ndinazolowera zenizeni ano. Atsatire dongosolo-ntchito njira kupita maphunziro a nzika za dziko, amene amadziwa ulemu ndi kuzindikira miyambo. Ophunzira kuphunzira kuugwira khalidwe lawo, kusamalira iwo, kusankha pa maziko a chidziwitso anapeza mu sukulu, ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku. Posintha cholinga kuchokera luso yopapatiza mutu ndi chidziwitso kuti konsekonse, kudzikonda kudziwa chitukuko. Mfundo yatsopano ndi maziko achikhazikitso, zikusonyeza kuwonjezeka ana chidwi nkhani m'madera munthu nkhani, ambiri, ndi kuphunzira. Kufunika kwa kudziŵa sunakane, koma patsogolo nzika, wakutemwa, asamangochita zimene akufuna. chidwi linaperekedwa kwa ntchito yophunzitsa. Pamodzi ndi makolo mphunzitsi ayenera kupanga mzimu mwana ndi makhalidwe abwino apamwamba.