Chilamulo Choyamba Newton

A pali asayansi atulukira m'munda wa sayansi zinalengedwa mazana zapitazo, n'zosadabwitsa popanda kutaya kugwirizana lero. Ndipo ngati udindo wa maselo ndi sayansi kwadzidzidzi kupitiriza kukhala wodzilemekeza, monga kuchita zigawo sayansi - kukhala, zimango zimavuta kupeza zinthu zatsopano.

Aliyense akudziwa kuti zimango za mmene chigawo sayansi lagawidwa mphamvu ndi kinematics. Mu nkhani iyi, kinematics limafotokoza komanso amayang'ana kayendedwe palokha, ndipo mphamvu - zimayambitsa.

Zikhulupiriro zikuluzikulu za kufotokoza chifukwa zikamera ndi kupitiriza gululi, lero amaonedwa kukhala malamulo a mphamvu Newtonian, amene chopereka kuti apange nthambi izi wa sayansi n'zovuta Musaone. Iye ndiye anayambitsa mfundo monga "misa," "inertia", "nthawi" ndi ena ambiri. Komabe, wotchuka kwambiri Isaak Nyuton chifukwa cha malamulo amene amalora ife kufotokoza gululi ndi mfundo za mogwirizana kwa matupi.

Limodzi mwa malamulo amafotokoza amatchedwa lamulo la inertia, kapena woyamba lamulo la Newton. Chiphunzitso likunena za kukhalako kwake mafelemu amenewa limati thupi mathamangidwe wachibale sichitha ndipo sasintha, ngati alibe mphamvu pa zinthu zina kapena thupi. Kuchokera pamenepa mfundo ziwiri angaonere: choyamba, kuti kusintha njira yodutsamo ya thupi kotero kuti zinasintha malo ake konse, koma ngakhale zili choncho, kuti amakhala ililipo, mphamvu ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Palokha galasi pagome sanabwere kuchokera: ndikofunikira kapena kutenga kapena kukankha kapena kugwedeza tebulo. Komabe, popanda kukhudzana ndi zina galasi ataima pa tebulo adzapitiriza ake zoyenda rectilinear pa liwiro zonse. Chifukwa chiyani? Ndipotu ndi ofunika?

Apa ife kubwera pafupi kwa osachiritsika chachiwiri, zomwe zimathandiza kuti lamulo loyamba Newton. Thupi lomwelo akhoza kukhala mu nthawi imodzi monga kayendedwe ndi kukhala pa mpumulo. Koma funso ndi zimene chimango Buku kuganizira izi kapena kuti vuto lake. Chitsanzo chomwecho ndi galasi: wachibale galasi ku gome ndi n'kupuma wachibale amatsata - monga bwino. Ambiri, ndi ulemu kwa chimango aliyense Buku kugwirizana ndi dziko lapansi, galasi adzakhalabe anakonza chitsanzo ichi. Komabe kukuza ngodya maganizo pankhani ya mbalame zouluka pa galasi, udzapitirizabe kusamukira ku mzere wolunjika pa liwiro la kayendedwe ka Dziko Lapansi. Mbalame, mosamalitsa kulankhula, mu vuto ndege sikuli kwa dongosolo lapansi pakuyenerera. More zina vuto, koma si bwino: kayendedwe ka galasi ndi kulemekeza Jupiter. Galasi Jupiter wachibale Buku chimango kusuntha chifukwa Limayenda ndi liwiro la Dziko. Ndipo mu dongosolo n'kupuma chimango ake.

linanena bungwe Scientific kuti amalola kuti lamulo loyamba Newton, ali motere: chimango Buku ndi ulemu umene thupi, pakalibe makhalidwe kunja ikuyenda uniformly, wotchedwa inertial mafelemu pakuyenerera. Mu zinthu tafotokozazi, ndi inertial dongosolo lina chikho adzakhala tebulo. Komabe, iye ali pansi, pansi - mu nyumba, nyumba - mu dziko. Kunena zoona, onse a chimango kutchulidwa kugwirizana ndi Lapansi, ankaona kuti inertial. Pali Komabe, chandalama towerengeka; chifukwa chakuti Earth imazungulira ngati nguli, kwathunthu lamulo loyamba Newton sangathe kuchita mosavuta. Kugwa thupi, mosamalitsa kulankhula, si kugwa vertically (ndi njira yodutsamo kuyenda ake si zizigwirizana mzere wolunjika), ndi kupatuka pang'ono kum'mawa. Komabe, "zolakwika" mu sayansi amakono analandira wanyalanyaza wosalira kuwerengetsera lapansi.

Pakumva pamwamba zonse, n'zosavuta kumvetsa mawu amene zonse likuyenda ndi chirichonse ndi wachibale. Kupumula boma sizikutanthauza pakalibe kayendedwe, ndi njira zina mozungulira - yunifolomu liniya zoyenda pa liwiro zonse.