Zikugwira ntchito pendulum - pafupipafupi oscillation

Magawo njira oscillatory amadziwika mfundo thupi - matalikidwe ndi nthawi. Choncho, pansi Phokoso kuzindikira malamulo angapo zodziwitsa ndi kubwereza ndondomeko ya kusintha wambiri zooneka kufunika kwake zikutanthauza kapena ziro. Tiyeni tinene kuti lamulo limeneli lili ndi khalidwe sinusoidal. Choncho, ngati ntchito F (x) kwa ndondomekoyi kwapatsidwa mwa mtundu F (x) = K * tchimo (x), tili chabe ngati ntchito zokhala omwe, kumbukirani, mmwamba ndi pansi, mmwamba ndi pansi ...

Taganizirani Zithunzi za anati ntchito za, mfundo, phindu pa Y olamulira amaimira y1, ndi kuyendera ndi X olamulira, y2 kupeza mfundo ina ndi mtengo wa y1. Tsopano, ngati X-olamulira, ku mfundo V2, mwayi imeneyi wofanana T = (y2 - y1), ife kumvetsa mfundo v3 ndipo adzakhala wofanana y1 ndi y2. The mawonekedwe a Zithunzi pakati pa mfundo izi ndendende mobwerezabwereza pa zigawo zonse wotsatira zofanana T. Choncho tapeza ndi chizindikiro T kwa ndondomeko anafotokoza njira F (x) = K * tchimo (x), amene ali ndi chuma chapadera kuti chingasinthe mwa mfundo X T kutsogolera kusintha mu ntchito F (x) pa osiyanasiyana lonse la zake. Chifukwa kusintha mu X-olamulira ndiye wakukhonda mala pa nthawi, mwa kulankhula kwina, chiwerengero cha m'zinthu T wamphamvu ambiri, ndiye tili ndi cyclical, mwachitsanzo Ine ndikubwereza, kusintha ntchito. Mkombero nthawi T amatchedwa nthawi oscillation ndi amayezedwa masekondi. Koma kulandira mu luso ntchito muyeso wagawo, ndilo lotchedwa oscillation pafupipafupi, amaimira f ndi computes f = 1 / T, unit umatchedwa hedzi (Hz). Pafupipafupi 1 Hz - ndi oscillation limodzi pa mphindi.

Tazunguliridwa ndi "yochititsa" dziko. Kusinthasintha - izo zikumveka, ndi magetsi ku mawaya, kugwedera limagwirira, kuwala, mafunde, ndi kasinthasintha wa mapulaneti, ndi ... kodi si zoona pakati, Phokoso izi. Onsewo ndi malire mokwanira pafupipafupi awo ochiritsira, kunena "osiyanasiyana a kusintha." Mwachitsanzo, oscillation pafupipafupi lomveka mafurikwense phokoso munthu - kuchokera 16 Hz 20 kHz (1 kHz = 1000 Hz), ndi uthunthu wa mafurikwense phokoso colloquially lagona mu uthunthu 100 - 4000 Hz. Mfundo odziwika kuti anthu onse amve lonse osiyanasiyana phokoso - ambiri kale 12-15 kHz earshot. Njira imeneyi imagwiranso kunjenjemerako akupanga 100, 200 kHz ndi pamwamba. Tsatanetsatane njira amathanso kwanthawi mu uthunthu lalikulu mafurikwense - ndi kugawana Hz ndi makumi kHz. Koma ambiri osiyanasiyana mafunde mu atomu - kuchokera m'zigawo ndi kuti ambirimbiri mwa mamilioni a Hz. Mu sipekitiramu izi lonse mafunde kuunika kwa dziko ndi ochepa, koma kuti zazindikirika ndi wathu ziwalo masomphenya. Osiyana oscillation pafupipafupi mu sipekitiramu mafunde kuwala Mzimuyo mtundu wa kuwala looneka - kuchokera wofiira wofiirira.

Koma kumbuyo kuti "lalikulu." Nthawi zambiri, ndi yabwino ntchito mayunitsi pang'ono kusinthidwa. artifice amenewa amalola wosalira zambiri mitunduyi ndi kuwapanga iwo yoonekera. Ndipo ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti sinusoidal oscillation ntchito anatchula chifukwa cha ntchito zosintha mu mayunitsi wa muyeso wa kumathandiza kupeza ngodya - radians kapena madigiri. Koma pa nthawi yomweyo, mu mawerengedwe a "zakukwawa" zonse 2p, amene pamodzi ndi pafupipafupi anapeza mawu ambiri masamu. Ndiye iwo anaganiza kuti atchule kusinthidwa unit wa muyeso pafupipafupi, ndipo anamutcha dzina lakuti "ozungulira oscillation pafupipafupi." Akamanena za wagawo izi kuti pafupipafupi ake anatsimikiza chiwerengero cha oscillations pa 2 * π masekondi, i.e. 6,28 gawo. pafupipafupi ozungulira kuchita masamu ndi chilinganizo ω = 2 * π * f. Kukhala pafupipafupi ozungulira amalifotokoza wagawo ake muyeso - radians pa mphindi.

dongosolo zokhala ali ena a magawo zomwe khalidwe lake. Tengani wathu pendulum zinthu zakale ndi pang'ono wapadera kuchepetsa kuti boma la ndondomeko kugwedera - bango-tock, bango-tock. Kuchita zimenezi kamodzi yokwanira kanikizirani ndi ... ndekha. Kodi tikuona? pendulum A oscillates motalika kokwanira popanda ntchito iliyonse zina mphamvu, oscillation ake pafupipafupi sasintha, ndi matalikidwe amachepetsa pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa cha mphamvu mikangano mu zipangizo leni. kusinthasintha amenewa pamene potsegula pambuyo Kankhani wa m'gululi pendulum, kapena kachitidwe ina kugwedera anatsimikiza kokha mwa magawo anacemerwa mwini. Ngati tingayerekezere kuti pa nthawi yomweyo wotseka mphamvu ndi ofanana ndi ziro, ndipo lophweka - onse mu manja athu, chotero pendulum, ilo likutchedwa masamu, adzakhala oscillate mpaka kalekale, ndipo nthawi oscillation akhoza kuchita masamu ndi odziwika, amene wayamba kale kukhala tingachipeze powerenga, chilinganizo - C = 2 * π * √ L / g.

Kuyambira kuwunika n'zotheka kupanga mfundo yofunika: pafupipafupi zachilengedwe a oscillation wa pendulum ndi anatsimikiza kokha mwa magawo mkati mwa dongosolo - kutalika ulusi ndi ukulu wa mathamangitsidwe yokoka lapansi.