Zizindikiro za alendo a Famusov pa mpira. A.S. Griboyedov "Tsoka kwa Wit"

Musewera wake "Tsoka kwa Wit" Griboyedov anasonyeza kusagwirizana kwa mbadwo wakale ndi watsopano womwe ukutsutsana wina ndi mzake, malingaliro a zaka zapitazo ndi za zana lino. Anthu amabwera ku mpira wa Famusov, omwe amachititsa kuti anthu azikhala okoma kwambiri, amtundu wotchuka wa Moscow. Iwo ali ambiri-osamalitsa ndipo samabisala ma serf awo nkomwe, iwo ali odzaza ndi kusadziwa, zonyansa, umbombo ndi chuma. Kufotokozera kwa alendo onse a Famusov kumalankhula. Chatsky adzapereka mauthenga ambiri a mapiko kwa iwo.

Zizindikiro za alendo a Famusov pa mpira

Kunyumba ya Famusov, ngakhale asanalowe alendo, Colonel Skalozub akuwonekera - wamkulu ignoros ndi careerist, yemwe mu maloto ake - kuti anthu onse a Russia azitsatira malinga ndi malamulo. Iye ndi wothandizira kwambiri wa dongosolo lakale, wolemera ndipo akufuna kuti akhale olamulira. Anakhala mlendo wokondedwa kwambiri m'nyumba ya Famusov. Chifukwa cha kufika kwa Skalozub chinali kufunafuna mkwatibwi wolemera. Choncho Famusov adamuzindikira pomwepo ndipo adamupeza mkwati wodalirika kwambiri kwa mwana wake wamkazi Sophia.

Gorici

Ndiye alendo a Famusov anayamba kubwera ku mpira umodzi. Woyamba akubwera ndi banja la Goritsche. Amenewa ndi osakwatirana omwe ali okwatirana. Kawirikawiri, maonekedwe a alendo a Famusov pa mpira ndi osangalatsa kwambiri: Griboyedov mwachidwi anatsindika mwa iwo mtundu wa anthu ochokera kudziko la nthawi imeneyo. Kotero, pamtsinje womwewo, Chatsky amadziwana bwino ndi Platon Gorich, adatumikira palimodzi ndikupanga mabwenzi. Anali munthu wokondwa, wolimbika komanso wokondwa, koma atakwatiwa ndi mkazi wokhala ndi chikhalidwe - Natalia Dmitrievna - anasintha, anadzikuza ndi mnyamata. Tsopano samamupatsa ngakhale pakamwa kuti atsegule. Koma Gorich anali atagwiritsidwa kale ntchito kale ndipo anadzileka yekha ku malo ake. Chatsky, Platon Mikhailovich akudandaula kuti, iye akuganiza, iye sali wofanana monga iye analiri poyamba.

Tugouhovskie

Potsata banja la Goriches, banja lachifumu la Tugoukhovskys likufika mpira ku Famusov. Amayi a banja amakhudzidwa kwambiri kupeza mkwati kwa ana ake aakazi. Nthawi yomweyo anazindikira mnyamata wa Chatsky ndipo amafuna kumuitanira kunyumba kwake, koma, atadziwa kuti sanali wolemera ndipo alibe udindo wapamwamba, anasintha maganizo ake nthawi yomweyo. Mwa lingaliro lake, ndi bwino kukhala woipa, koma kuti osachepera zikwi ziwiri anali nazo.

Chitsamba

Ndiyeno madona awiri a Khrymina anapita ku mpira. Uyu ndi mdzukulu wa Hryumin, nthawizonse sakondwera ndi chirichonse ndi kukwiyitsa pa dziko lonse chifukwa sangapeze mkwati, ndi agogo ake omwe anamwalira. Osakhala ndi nthawi yobwera mpira, mdzukulu wa Hryumina nthawi yomweyo anadandaula kuti anali oyambirira komanso kuti analibe wina woti azilankhula naye ndipo palibe yemwe akuvina nawo. Ndipo kuti mudziwe bwino munthu amene mungakwatire naye, panalibe mwayi uliwonse. Amasonyeza kuyamikira kwake kulikonse kunja kwake ndipo amamupatsa chilakolako cha "masitolo ogulitsa." Kunyada kwake kumakhudza Chatsky, ndipo akutsanulira mawu otchulidwa mu adilesi yake.

Zagoretsky ndi Khlystov

Pa mpira ku Famusov, Zagoretsky akutuluka - wonyenga, wabodza, wotchova njuga, wodolola komanso wamba. Komabe, ngakhale ziwonetsero zake zonse zowonongeka, adakalibe ndi anthu apamwamba, ndipo zitseko za Famusov zinali zotseguka kwa iye. Chikhalidwe chake chochepa, koma chothandiza kwambiri muzoona zenizeni zonse ndikunyengerera. Nthawi zonse amawonekera pa nthawi yoyenera komanso pa nthawi yoyenera kutumikira wolemekezeka.

Pa mpira ndithu anawatsogolera ndi kusokoneza ubongo wamkazi wamkazi Khlestov zaka 60. Nthawi zonse amatenga malingaliro ake ndipo amadzidziwa yekha mtengo. Ndi a serfs, iye samaima pamsonkhano. Ndipo Khlestova mpira anatenga galu ndi mkazi arabka. Kwa munthu uyu palibe kusiyana pakati pa serf ndi galu, chirichonse kumusangalatsa kwake.

Alendo ena a Famusov

Mlendo waposachedwa kwambiri wa mpira uja anali Repetilov. Iye ndi munthu wokhala wosakhulupirika, wodalirika ndi lingaliro lachinyengo nthawiyo. Kubwereza nthawi zonse kumakamba za "mgwirizano wachinsinsi" ndi "misonkhano yachinsinsi", kumene amamwa champagne zambiri ndikukambirana za nkhani zoletsedwa. Iye, mwa zolinga zake zapamwamba, amagwiritsa ntchito chisomo cha anthu ochokera kumtundu wapamwamba kupita kwa iye.

Chidziwitso cha alendo a Famusov pa mpira sadaope, panali anthu ena ambiri ochokera kudziko, koma Griboyedov adawalemba iwo ndi makalata N ndi D. Iwo anakhala ofalitsa nkhani za ulesi wa Chatsky, ngakhale kuti iwo okha sadakhulupirire, koma amamvetsera mokondwera, Zimene ena akunena. Mchifanizo cha miseche yaing'ono, zofuna za nzika za Famus zikuwonetsedwa pofunafuna chuma, ulemu ndi miseche.

Chatsky - mmodzi mwa anthu ochepa omwe anali osiyana ndi alendo a Famusov. Mwa chikhalidwe chake, makhalidwe achidziwitso anali atatengedwa. Iye ndi wouma mtima, wachikondi-mfulu ndipo akufotokoza momveka maganizo ake. Sakonda kukondwa kwa alendo, amatsutsa serfdom ndipo amanyansidwa ndi chigololo, ndipo sakuchita chifukwa.

Chatsky

Makhalidwe a alendo a Famusov pa mpira ndi weniweni. Muzunguliro la gululi Chatsky anakhala tsiku limodzi ndipo nthawi yomweyo anazindikiritsa zoyenera zake, pambuyo pake panalibe chiyembekezo chokumana ndi anthu oganiza bwino. Chatsky sakanakhoza kuyang'ana mosiyana pa izi zonse, ndipo motero, pambuyo pa malingaliro angapo osasangalatsa, iye amafunsa galimoto ndi kuchoka ku Moscow.

Bulu m'nyumba ya Famusov ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la ntchito "Tsoka kwa Wit". Chatsky sanabwere ku Moscow kwa zaka zitatu ndipo sadaperekepo kanthu za iye mwini. Mwadzidzidzi, mwadzidzidzi, iye akuwonekera m'nyumba ya Famusov. Ndipo zomwe iye akuwona, sizikugwirizana naye nkomwe, ndipo mwinanso nkudabwa.

Makhalidwe a alendo a Famusov pa mpira amasonyeza kuti anthu oterowo atha kukhala osatha, malingaliro awo ali kale kale, ndipo maganizo apamwamba atangoyamba kupyolera mu chinyengo chachinyengo, phindu ndi chinyengo. Griboyedov analemba zojambulazo "Tsoka kuchokera kwa Wit" kubwezera, chifukwa m'magulu amakhalanso "wamisala" Chatsky, wosakonzekera kupirira zomwe zilipo.