Wolemba mbiri waluso Ivan Tolstoy

Tonsefe ndife owerenga. Aliyense wa ife ali ndi bukhu limodzi, koma werengani. Ndipo ndizo zabwino. Chifukwa cholemba zinthu zogwira mtima ziri ndi khalidwe limodzi lodabwitsa - sizongokhala chidziwitso cha chidziwitso komanso zokhudzana ndi zenizeni za ubale kapena ubale wa anthu, ndi zina. Kuwerenga, timadzipeza tokha mu nthawi imeneyo, kumvetsetsa ndi kumvetsetsa zinthu zambiri, kumbukirani maubwenzi pakati pa anthu.

Ntchitoyi imakhudza dziko lathu lapansi, moyo wathu. Kodi nthawi zambiri timamvetsa zomwe zalembedwa? Chifukwa chiyani? Kodi wolemba uja akufuna kunena chiyani pofotokoza zochitika izi? Koma palinso anthu omwe amafunsa mafunso ovuta, omwe nthawi zambiri amawawopsya: ndizo zongoganizira zokongola, zomwe zimaiwalika kapena kuzikweza kwa izi kapena chikhalidwe chawo. Olemba mbiri, monga Tolstoy Ivan Nikitich, atithandize ife kuyankha mafunso onse.

Ivan Nikitich ndi banja lake

Pa January 21, 1958 Tolstoy Ivan Nikitich anabadwira ku Leningrad. Banja limene anabadwira amadziwika ndi aliyense. Ivan Nikitich ndi mdzukulu wa wolemba wotchuka A. Tolstoy pa bambo ake. Mayi, Lozinskaya Natalia Mikhailovna, ndi mdzukulu wa ndakatulo Lozinsky, MI. Bamboyo ndi katswiri wa sayansi ya sayansi ya sayansi, pulofesa Tolstoy NA M'bale Mikhail ndi katswiri wa sayansi ya sayansi, Natalia ndi Tatiana.

Mu 1975 anamaliza sukulu ndipo adalowa m'sukulu ya zachipatala. Anaphunzira kwa zaka zitatu, pomwe adathamangitsidwa kawiri kuchokera kwa iye. Monga momwe Ivan Nikitich akunenera, atathamangitsidwa kwa nthawi yoyamba ndi kubwezeretsedwa, adazindikira kuti izi zidzachitikadi, chifukwa sanafune kuphunzira kumeneko. Kuti aone kuti majini a "agogo aamuna" adakhudzidwa, mankhwalawo sanamuthandize. Tsiku lina mkazi wake anamuuza kuti ngati mukufuna philology, muyenera kukhala katswiri wamaganizo. Choncho analowa m'bungwe la University of Leningrad.

Chisoni cha mbiriyakale ya kusamuka

Anaphunzira kuntchito, chifukwa adagwira ntchito m'mapiri a Pushkin. Ngakhale ndiye anali ndi nkhawa pa nkhani ya kusamukira kwawo. Ndipo mwinamwake iye anawona ku Khoti la Pushkin loletsedwa kutulutsa voliyumu Nabokov "Commentary pa nkhani" Eugene Onegin ", anatsimikizira akuluakulu kuti apereke mabuku awa kwa iye. Iwo anali mu Chingerezi, ndipo mobwezera Ivan Nikitich Tolstoy analonjeza kuti adzamasulira ku Russian kwa antchito.

Anamasulira ndemanga ya Nabokov kwa nthawi yaitali, inali nthawi yoteteza diploma. Anauza aphunzitsi kuti akufuna kukonzekera phunziroli pa diploma. Kumene adayankha kuti dzina la Nabokov siliyenera kutchulidwa ku yuniviti ya Soviet, tiyenera kuyang'ana mutu wina. Ndinayenera kubwezeretsa chiganizochi kwa kanthawi kochepa. Atamaliza maphunziro ake, anaphunzitsa Chirasha ndi mabuku kusukulu ya sekondale.

Thaw ndi zolemba zoyamba

Nthawi yonseyi ndinaphunzira zolemba mabuku, zofalitsa mabuku komanso mabuku. Ndinkafunitsitsa kusindikizidwa pa 21, Ivan Tolstoy akukumbukira. Koma podziŵa kuti anali ndi chidwi chofuna mabuku ochepa, palibe buku lililonse limene linkafuna kufalitsa zida zake. Ndipo pa 25 analetsedwa kusindikiza. Khalani odziwika ndi chowonadi kuti si kwanthawizonse. Kotero izo zinachitika. Mu 1986, chiletsocho chinachotsedwa, ndipo maganizo a Nabokov m'dzikoli adayamba kutentha. Ndipo mu 1987 Ivan Nikitich anali yoyamba mabuku.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, amaphunzitsa ku Polygraphic and Humanitarian Institutes. Mu 1994 amatsogolera maphunziro apadera ku Nabokov ku yunivesite. Anagwira ntchito monga mkonzi wa magazini yotchedwa Zvezda, wolemba mabuku m'nyuzipepala ya Russian. Amaphatikizapo kusuntha mabuku ndi mbiri, m'mabuku a nthawi ya Cold War.

Buku Lopanga Chilengedwe

Mu 1992 Ivan Nikitich Tolstoy anali mkonzi wamkulu wa nyumba yosindikiza Tobias Grzhebina. Kusindikiza mabuku a olemba akukakamizidwa kuti achoke mmayiko ena, komanso ntchito zoperekedwa kwa anthu ochokera kudziko lina komanso kudziko lawo. Kuchokera mu 1994, iye ndiye mkonzi wamkulu wa magazini Experiments. Idasindikizidwa zoposa 500 za ndemanga zake, ndemanga ndi ndemanga. Mlembi wa mabuku "The Italic of the Epoch", "Buku Lopatulika la Zhivago."

Kugwira ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku kwa mtolankhani

Kuyambira mu 1988, Ivan Tolstoy amagwira ntchito monga wolemba nkhani (freelancer) pa Radio Liberty. Kumapeto kwa 1994 kampani imamuitanira kwa antchito. Kuyambira mu 1995, amakhala ndi ntchito ku Prague. Kuchokera m'mawu a Ivan Nikitich, pali ntchito yabwino kwambiri. Palibe amene amapanga chirichonse, samakakamiza kuti aphimbe nkhani zina ndipo samadziwa mapulogalamu oyenera kuchita. Mutu amadzisankha yekha. Ivan Tolstoy, yemwe ali ndi mbiri yake, angakhale nkhani yosangalatsa komanso yochititsa chidwi yokhudza banja lodziwika la Count Tolstoy.

Ivan Nikitich si mbuye wodabwitsa nkhani zokambirana - momveka bwino, mophiphiritsira, mowala. Koma iwo ndi mbuye wabwino kuti awapeze iwo. Amagwira ntchito zambiri ndi zolemba, kuchokera m'mawu ake, ndi zosangalatsa kwambiri, nthawi zina zinthu zosayembekezeka zikuwonekera zomwe zimafotokoza moyo wambiri wochokera kudziko lina. Ngati mumadziwa ndi kulingalira nkhaniyi, ndiye kuti mbiri yakale imakhala yosangalatsa kwambiri. Izi ndizo zomwe wolemba mbiri ayenera kuchita. Ivan Tolstoy akuphunzira zipangizo za dzulo, zomwe mosakayikira zimatsogolera masiku ano.

Maulendo a Ivan Tolstoy

Ivan Nikitich saganizirapo kalikonse. Nkhani zake zonse zimachokera pazowona. Ndikofunika kuti ndiphatikize mfundo zogwira mtima mwathunthu - m'mbiri. Yerekezani izi. Tikayerekeza, timapeza nkhani yosangalatsa. Ntchito yokhayo, Ivan Tolstoy, ndiyo kupanga mbiri ya mbiriyakale yokondweretsa kwambiri kuti sizingangomvedwa. Koma aliyense adatha kumvetsa chifukwa chake izi zinachitika, ndi kugwirizana kotani pakati pa izi kapena zochitikazo.

Wofufuza wodabwitsa, amapeza nkhani zosangalatsa kwambiri kwa owerenga ndi omvetsera ake. Ivan Nikitich - wothandizira mapulogalamu, kuphatikizapo "Nthano ndi Maonekedwe". Mlembi wa mndandanda wa "Radio Freedom. Zaka 50 zapitazo. " Wolemba ndi wolemba mabuku a Ivan Tolstoy's Historical Travels ndi Heritage Heritage pa Culture channel.

Mu mapulogalamu ake mwamtheradi nkhani zosadziwika za anthu, ntchito, zochitika zimatsegulidwa. Wothandizira chikhalidwe cha Chirasha, wolemba mwaluso komanso munthu wozizwitsa. Amangokhalira kukondwera ndi ulendo wake - m'mabuku, m'kupita kwanthawi.