Kufotokozera mwachidule za "Chovala" cha Gogol ndi mitu

Ana a sukulu zamakono samvetsa nthawi zonse chilankhulo ndi syllable ya olemba otchuka akale, kotero ntchito zina zimakhala zovuta kuthetsa kuwerenga. Koma kuti mudziwe bwino zolembazi ndizofunika, pambali pa nkhanizi muli nawo maphunziro a sukulu. Kodi tiyenera kuchita chiyani? Kuphunzira nkhani ya ntchito yotchuka ya Nikolai Gogol kudzakuthandizani kuti mumveke mwachidule "Chovala".

Kudziwa ndi khalidwe lalikulu

Iwo ndi Akaky Akakievich Bashmachkin. Chifukwa chake wolemekezeka ali ndi dzina lotero ndi lodziwika bwino, tidzakuuzani tsopano.

Mwanayo anabadwa usiku wa March 23rd. Ndiye anawo amatchedwa mwapadera okha ndi mayina a oyera: Dula, Varahasiya, Tryphilia, Sosia, Mokkia - limodzi la mayina awa liyenera kuperekedwa kwa amayi a mwana wake. Koma sadakonde chilichonse, kotero mayiyo adaganiza kuti amutche mwanayo ndi bambo ake, omwe ndi Akaki. Dzina lawo linali Bashmachkin.

Mnyamatayo anakulira ndikukhala munthu wamkulu, yemwe tsopano anali Akaky Akakievich. Iye adalowa mu dipatimentiyi, komwe adagwira ntchito kwa zaka zambiri, koma zaka zambiri sankakhoza kulemekezedwa ndi anzake okha, komabe ngakhale atumikiwo: osamalira nyumba sanamulonjere, ngati kuti sanamuone.

Ogwira ntchitoyo adanyoza Akaki momveka bwino, anayenera kupirira ma jeers awo. Iwo akanakhoza kuponyera zidutswa zong'amba pamutu pake ndi kunena kuti ndi chisanu. Pa malingaliro ake kwa iyemwini, iye amangopempha mwamantha anthu kuti asamachite izi.

Kuyankha mwachidule za "Chovala" kumapitiriza ndi kufotokozera maonekedwe ndi khalidwe la msilikali wotchuka. Iye anali wamfupi, wamisala.

Ntchito

Akaky Akakievich anatumikira kwa zaka zambiri ngati konsisi ya boma. Ntchito zake zinali kuphatikizapo mapepala. Iye ankakonda kwenikweni ntchito iyi. Mlembiyo adatulutsa kalata iliyonse, mosakayikira kuti ena ndi okondedwa ake.

Mwina yekhayo amene ankachitidwa bwino ndi aphungu a boma anali bwana wake. Iye anayesa kupereka Akakia ntchito zovuta kwambiri kuti apititse patsogolo udindo wake. Koma Bashmachkin, akuyesera kukwaniritsa, anawatsata pa iwo ndipo anapempha kubwezeretsa ntchito yake yakale.

Zinali zophweka, komanso zimalipiridwa moyenera - pang'ono. Chifukwa chake, abusawo amavala bwino. Ponena za izi mudzanena mwachidule za "Chovala".

Maloto

Chovala cha clerk sichinali cholemera, ndipo chovalacho chinali chowonetseratu chowawa. Akaky Akakievich kale kawirikawiri adalongosola kuti kukonzanso kamodzi kamodzi kake Petrovich. Nthawi yotsiriza yomwe adanena kuti kunali kosatheka kuyika zikhomo pa chovala chake, chifukwa posachedwa zidzasokonezeka. Taylor anafotokoza mwachidule kuti kunali koyenera kugula zatsopano, ndipo zimadula ruble 150. Kwa nthawi imeneyo kunali ndalama zambiri, choncho Bashmachkin anakwiya kwambiri. Ndipotu, ku St. Petersburg komwe ankakhala, kunali nyengo yozizira kwambiri, ndipo alibe zovala zapamwamba, mlembiyo ankangozizira. Ofesiyo analibe ndalama, koma ankafuna malaya akunja. Nkhani yochepa ya nkhaniyi idzafotokozera momwe Bashmachkin adachokera.

Iye ankaganiza kuti ngati Petrovich akanasamba zovala, zikanakhala ndi ruble 80. Komabe, mtsogoleriyo anali ndi zaka 40 zokha. Kenako adawabwezera ndi mavuto aakulu, kupulumutsa pa chirichonse. Koma abusawo anali ndi mwayi: mkuluyo adawonjezera malipiro ake. Tsopano mmalo mwa makumi anai adalandira ma ruble 60. Kuti akhale wokwanira pa chinthu chatsopano, Bungwe la Boma linayenera kuchepetsa ndalama zomwe adalipira, choncho tsopano anali ndi njala. Komabe, patadutsa miyezi 2-3 ndalama zowonjezera zidakonzedwa.

Chimwemwe cha Bashmachkin

Kuyankha mwachidule za "Chovala" kunabwera nthawi yabwino, pamene ora la kukwaniritsidwa kwa maloto a khungu la boma linafika. Palimodzi ndi Petrovich anapita kukagula nsalu ndi chirichonse chofunikira kuti apange nsalu yatsopano. Kwa ntchito yake, wopanga, monga analonjezedwa, anatenga ma ruble 12. Koma zotsatira zake zinali zachikondi komanso zokongola. Petrovich anasangalala kwambiri ndi ntchito yake. Anagonjetsa Akakia m'njira zozungulira, kuti akomane naye, kachiwiri kukondanso kuti chinthu chabwino chinakhala chinthu.

Chidwi chachikulu chinapangidwa kwa ogwira nawo ntchito ndi chovala chovala chokongoletsera. Kufotokozera mwachidule nkhaniyi kumapitiriza ndi kuti pamene Bashmachkin anabwera kudzagwira ntchito, aliyense anayamba kulingalira chinthu chatsopano ndikumuyamikira. Ndiye wina anati chochitika ichi chiyenera kuzindikiridwa. Ofesiyo sankadziwa choti achite. Koma mnzake adamupulumutsa, yemwe adalengeza kuti akuitana aliyense kuti adziphatikize naye. Kuwonjezera apo, iye anali ndi tsiku la kubadwa, lomwe linali loyenera kuzindikiridwa.

Ngati Akaky Akakyevitch ankangodziwa kuti izi zidzatha bwanji, sakanatha. Nkhani yochepa ya nkhani "Chovala" imauza owerenga za zochitika zomwe zinachitika.

Maloto akuwonongeka

Msilikali wathu anabwera ku adiresi. Zinali zosangalatsa apa. Poyamba, aliyense analankhula, kukambirana za zovala za Bramachkin, kenako anapita ku gome. Anthu ankamwa ndi kuwedza. Ofesiyo anali bwino ndi kampaniyo. Koma koloko idatha kale pakati pausiku, kotero iye anaganiza zopita kunyumba.

Vinyo anali ndi gawo: Akaki anali wabwino ndi wosangalatsa, iye ankafuna kuti asamalire mkazi, koma mwamsanga anachoka. Komabe, posakhalitsa panali anthu awiri okayikira pafupi naye. Mmodzi mwa anthu odutsawa adakankha konsara ya boma ndikuvula zovala zake.

Bashmachkin anayesa kugwira nawo achifwamba, kuti ateteze kwa alonda, koma zonse zinali chabe. Iye analangiza anthu osauka kuti apite kwa wogwira ntchito mawa ndikumuuza zonse. Munthu wosasangalala uja anachitadi zimenezo. Koma ngakhalenso superintendent kapena akuluakulu akuluakulu adamuthandiza. Komanso, "munthu wofunika" yemwe mlembi wake anayesera kufunafuna chitetezo, adafuula ndikum'thamangitsa.

Kutha

Chifukwa cha kusowa chilungamo koteroko, Bashmachkin adasochera kunyumba m'zovala zake zakale kwambiri, akumeza mphepo yamkuntho. Kotero, iye anazizira, anadwala kwambiri ndipo posakhalitsa anamwalira. Izi zatsala pang'ono kumaliza mwachidule. Gogol analemba "greatcoat" mu 1842, koma tsopano nkhaniyi ndi yeniyeni.

Kuchokera apo, mzimu wa Akaky Akakievich nthawi zina unkadutsa-ndipo unkafunanso chikhoto chawo. Ndipo popeza "munthu wapadera" mzimuwo wabba malaya awa akunja ndipo kuyambira pamenepo wasiya kuonekera kwa anthu, atakhala chete. Izi zimathetsa nkhaniyi ndi kufotokozera mwachidule.

"Chovala" ndi mitu

Nkhaniyi siyigawidwa machaputala, koma n'zotheka kuiswa mu magawo asanu ndikuwonetsa mwachidule zomwe zilipo.

Kotero, kuchokera koyamba timaphunzira za kubadwa ndi kutchulidwa kwa Akaki, za zovala ndi ntchito zake zochepa. Yachiŵiri imanena momwe Bashmachkin anafika ku Petrovich, kuti akonzeke zovala zake. Chaputala chachitatu chikuwuza kuti wophunzirayo adapatsa Akaky Akakievich kuti apeze chovala chatsopano. Chaputala chachinayi chimafotokoza mmene madzulo amasangalalira chifukwa cha msilikali wathu, ndipo adayesetsa kufunafuna chitetezo kuchokera pamwamba, koma palibe yemwe adamuthandiza. M'gawo lachisanu la nkhaniyi, timaphunzira za imfa ya mlembiyo komanso kuti mzimu wake umayenda mozungulira Petersburg ndikufunanso zovala zakunja.

Izi zimathera mwachidule. Gogol adatenga "jekeseni" ngati "nthabwala zachipembedzo" ponena za msilikali wosauka, ndipo adazichita. Pokhapokha ndikupepesa chifukwa cha khalidwe lalikulu - wochepa, wosadziwika, yemwe sanachite choyipa aliyense, ndipo adanyozedwa, ndipo chimwemwe chake chokhalitsa chinasanduka vuto lenileni.