Chikhalidwe cholemba, wolimba mtima. Zithunzi ndi zilembo

Ndi ndani mndandanda wamakalata? Timapereka nkhaniyi ku nkhani yathu. Momwemo, tidzakudziwitsani komwe dzinacho linachokera, zilembo ndi zithunzi zomwe zilipo, ndi momwe mungazifotokozere m'mawu a zolemba pogwiritsa ntchito zofuna zanu kapena zofuna za aphunzitsi.

Ndiponso, kuchokera mu nkhani yathu mudzaphunzira chomwe chithunzi "chamuyaya" chiri ndi zomwe zimatchedwa zamuyaya.

Wophunzira mwaluso kapena khalidwe. Ameneyu ndi ndani?

Kawirikawiri timamva lingaliro la "chikhalidwe cholemba". Koma anthu ochepa okha angathe kufotokozera zomwe akunena. Ndipo ngakhale ana a sukulu, amene adangobwera kumene kuchokera ku phunziro la mabuku, nthawi zambiri amavutika kupeza yankho la funsolo. Kodi mawu awa osamvetsetseka akuti "khalidwe" ndi chiyani?

Lingaliro ili linabwera kwa ife kuchokera ku Chilatini chakale (persona, munthu). Tanthauzo ndi "munthu", "munthu", "munthu".

Kotero, chikhalidwe cholembedwa ndi protagonist ya ntchito yolemba. Zambiri zokhudzana ndi mtundu wa prosaic, chifukwa zifanizo za ndakatulo nthawi zambiri zimatchedwa "msirikali wamakono."

Popanda zisudzo, simungathe kulemba nkhani kapena ndakatulo, buku kapena nkhani. Apo ayi, izo zidzakhala zopanda nzeru ngati si mawu, ndiye, mwinamwake, zochitika. Masewera a zolemba zapamwamba ndi anthu ndi zinyama, zolengedwa zongopeka komanso zodabwitsa, zinthu zopanda moyo, mwachitsanzo, msilikali wamatope wolimba kuchokera ku Andersen, mbiri yakale komanso mitundu yonse.

Chiwerengero cha malembo olemba

Olemba mabuku angasokonezedwe ndi chiwerengero chawo cha mabuku. Ndipo ophunzira a sukulu za sekondale ndi ovuta kwambiri. Ndipo makamaka kuti iwo amakonda kusewera masewera omwe mumawakonda koposa kuchita masukulu. Momwe mungasankhire zilembo, ngati mphunzitsi kapena, poyipitsa, woyesa amafunikira?

Njira yosatsutsika: kugawa anthu owerengeka molingana ndi kukula kwa ntchito. Pazifukwa izi, aluntha amalembedwa kukhala apamwamba ndi apamwamba. Popanda protagonist, ntchito ndi chiwembucho zidzakhala mawu ochepa. Koma ndikutayika kwa anthu awiri, timataya nthambi ina ya storyline kapena kufotokozera zochitika. Koma kawirikawiri ntchitoyo siidzavutika.

Zotsatira zachiwirizo ndizochepa ndipo sizikugwirizana ndi ntchito zonse, koma nkhani zabodza ndi mitundu yosangalatsa. Uku ndiko kugawidwa kwa masewera kukhala zabwino ndi zoipa. Mwachitsanzo, m'nthano za Cinderella, osauka Cinderella mwiniwake ndi wokondweretsa, amachititsa chidwi, amamvera chisoni. Koma alongo ndi amayi opeza oipa ndizosiyana kwambiri.

Zizindikiro za khalidwelo. Kodi mungalembe bwanji?

Masewera a ntchito zolemba nthawi zina (makamaka mu phunziro la mabuku kusukulu) amafunika kulongosola mwatsatanetsatane. Ndipo momwe mungalembe izo? Njira yomwe "adakhala-inali msilikali wotere." Iye sangavomereze nthano za izo ndikuti, ngati kuunika kuli kofunikira. Tidzakambirana nanu mwapadera kupambana kupindula maonekedwe a chilembo (ndi wina aliyense). Tikukupatsani ndondomeko mwachidule za zomwe muyenera kulemba komanso momwe mungalembe.

• Mau oyamba. Tchulani ntchito ndi msilikali, zomwe munganene. Mukhozanso kuwonjezera apa chifukwa chomwe mukufuna kufotokoza.
• Malo a msilikali mu nkhani (buku, nkhani, etc.). Pano mungathe kulemba ngati ali wamkulu kapena wachiwiri, wabwino kapena woipa, munthu kapena khalidwe la nthano , munthu wongoyerekezera kapena wolemba mbiri.
• Maonekedwe. Zosasangalatsa zidzakhala mafotokozedwe a maonekedwe, ndizotheka ndi ndemanga zomwe zidzakusonyezani ngati wowerenga mosamala, komanso, zidzawonjezera maonekedwe ku khalidwe lanu.
• Makhalidwe. Chirichonse chikuwonekera.
• Zochita ndi makhalidwe awo mmalingaliro anu.
• Zotsatira.

Ndizo zonse. Sungani dongosolo ili nokha ndipo lidzabwera moyenera.

Malembo otchuka

Ngakhale kuti chidziwitso cha msilikali wamakalata chikhoza kuwoneka kuti sichikudziwika kwa inu, koma ngati mutauzidwa dzina la msilikali, mungakumbukire zambiri. Izi ndizo makamaka mwa anthu otchulidwa m'mabuku, monga Robinson Crusoe, Don Quixote, Sherlock Holmes kapena Robin Hood, Assol kapena Cinderella, Alice kapena Pippi Long Stocking.

Amuna oterewa amatchedwa malemba. Mayina awa ndi ozoloŵera kwa ana ndi akulu ochokera m'mayiko ambiri komanso makontinenti. Sadziwa - chizindikiro cha ubwenzi ndi umbuli. Choncho, ngati mulibe nthawi yowerenga ntchitoyi, funsani wina kuti afotokoze za anthuwa.

Lingaliro la chithunzi m'mabuku

Kuphatikizana ndi khalidwe lomwe mumatha kumva lingaliro la "chithunzi". Ichi ndi chiani? Chimodzimodzi ndi msilikali, kapena ayi? Yankho lake lidzakhala labwino komanso loipa, chifukwa chilembo chikhoza kukhala zolemba, koma chithunzicho sichiyenera kukhala chikhalidwe.

Nthawi zambiri timatcha fanoli kapena fanolo, koma mofanana, chikhalidwe chingathe kuchita ntchito. Ndiyeno mutu wa pepala lofufuzira ukhoza kukhala "chithunzi cha chilengedwe mu nkhani ...". Kodi mungakhale bwanji mu nkhaniyi? Yankho liri mu funso palokha: ngati liri za chirengedwe, malo ake mu ntchito yomwe mukufunikira kuti ikhale nayo. Yambani ndi kufotokozera, kuwonjezera zigawo za khalidwe, mwachitsanzo "mlengalenga munali kunjenjemera", "dzuwa linali lopsa mtima," "usiku unkawopsya mdima", ndipo khalidweli ndilokonzeka. Chabwino, ngati mukufuna kufotokoza fano la msilikali, ndiye momwe mungalembere, onani ndondomeko ndi ndondomeko pamwambapa.

Zithunzizo ndiziti?

Funso lathu lotsatira. Apa tikusiyanitsa zigawo zingapo. Pamwamba pa ife tinalingalira chimodzi - zithunzi za masewera, kutanthauza, anthu / zinyama / zolengedwa zamaganizo ndi mafano a chirengedwe, mafano a anthu ndi mayiko.

Ndiponso, zithunzi zitha kutchedwa "kwamuyaya". Kodi "chifaniziro chosatha" ndi chiyani? Lingaliro limeneli limatchedwa wolimba, lopangidwa kamodzi ndi wolemba kapena manthano. Koma anali "khalidwe" komanso wapadera kuti pambuyo pa chaka ndi nthawi olemba ena alemba malemba kuchokera kwa iye, mwinamwake kuwapatsa mayina ena, koma kufunika kwake sikukusintha. Amuna oterewa amaphatikizapo wrestler ndi Don Quixote, wokonda masewera olimba Don Juan ndi ena ambiri.

Mwamwayi, anthu otchuka amakono samakhala osatha, ngakhale chikondi cha mafani. Chifukwa chiyani? Ndibwino kuti mukuwerenga Don Quixote Spider-Man, wokongola kwambiri uyu, mwachitsanzo? N'zovuta kufotokoza izi mwachidule. Kuwerenga bukuli kungakupatseni yankho.

Lingaliro la "kuyandikana" kwa wolimba mtima, kapena Chikondi changa chokondeka

Nthawi zina wolimba mtima pa ntchito kapena mafilimu amakhala pafupi kwambiri ndipo amamukonda kuti timayese kutsanzira iye, kuwoneka ngati iye. Izi zimachitika chifukwa, ndipo sizongopanda kanthu kuti chisankho chimagwera pa chikhalidwe ichi. Kawirikawiri shuga wokondedwa ndi fano yomwe imatikumbutsa kale. Mwinanso kufanana kuli mu khalidwe, kapena kukumana ndi msilikali ndi inu. Kapena khalidwe ili liri mu zofanana ndi zanu, ndipo mumamvetsa komanso kumumvera chisoni. Mulimonsemo, sizoipa. Chinthu chachikulu ndikuti mumatsanzira oyenerera okha. Ndipo pali zambiri mwazolembedwa. Tikukhumba kuti mukumane ndi akatswiri abwino ndikutsanzira makhalidwe abwino omwe ali nawo.