The Trojan nkhondo

chifukwa chimene Trojan nkhondo, amadziwika, zikuoneka kuti ngakhale wophunzira Koma kunena mawu ochepa za iwo akadali zofunika. Ndi kuyamba ku ukwati wa Thetis, nyanja wamkazi ndi ngwazi Peleus. ukwati umenewu unatchedwa pafupifupi milungu, kupatulapo wochepa: Eris, mulungu wa kusagwirizana, anaganiza kuti kuitana. Ndipo, ndithu mwachibadwa, iye akhumudwa pa masautso zochitika. Eris anatchuka chifukwa nthabwala zake zoipa, ndipo nthawi imeneyi iye sanali kumbuyo pansi makhalidwe awo. Pa tebulo chikondwerero zinali kuponya apulo golide limene linalembedwa, "Zabwino."

Iwo ankanena mutu milungu itatu: Athena, Aphrodite ndi Hera. Ndipo analephera kuthetsa mkanganowo pa phwando. Ndiye Zeus analamula kusankha Paris, ndi Trojan kalonga, mwana wa Priam. Wamkazi anabwera kwa iye pamene anali kudyetsa nkhosa kunja kwa mpanda wa mzinda anafunsidwa kuthandiza aliyense wa yaikazi wolonjezedwa Paris munthu kapena mphoto zina kuti "Chabwino" kusankha. Hera analonjeza Paris ulamuliro pa Asia, Athena - ulemerero usilikali ndipo Aphrodite - chikondi cha mkazi wokongola, Helen.

Predictably, Paris anasankha Aphrodite wopambana. Helen anali mkazi wa Menelaus, mfumu ya Sparta. Paris anabwera Sparta ndipo kunyalanyaza malamulo a alendo, adatenga Helen, pamodzi ndi akapolo ndi chuma kusungidwa mu nyumba yachifumu. Atamva izi, Menelaus Anapempha m'bale wake, Agamemnon, mfumu ya Mycenae. Pamodzi iwo anasonkhanitsa asilikali, lomwe panaoneka mafumu onse ndi akalonga, amene nthawi yawo akamufunsirire Helen, ndipo analumbira kuti amuteteze komanso ulemu wake.

Choncho anayamba Trojan nkhondo. Tengani mzinda mwamsanga analephera ankhondowo, pamene anali bwino kutetezedwa. Kuzinga anakokera kwa zaka ndi zaka 9, koma ambiri mwatsatanetsatane tikudziwa zochitika za chaka chathachi 10. Change akuyamba ndi nthawi imene Agamemnon sizithandiza Achilles wa ukapolo wake, Briseis. Iye anali wansembe mu kachisi wa Apollo, ndipo kunali koyenera kuti abwerere, kupewa mkwiyo wa Mulungu. Achilles anakwiya ndipo anakana uchuvstvovat mu Nkhondo zina.

Kuyambira nthawi kuti mafunde asilikali chasanduka ndi Ahelene. No maganizo sizinathandize, Achilles analimba maganizo ake. Only munda mmene Trojans anathyola mumsasa ndi potentha limodzi la zombo, Achilles walola bwenzi lake, Patroclus, kusintha mu zida zanu ndi kukhala detachment wa asilikali ake. Iwo ankayendetsa Trojans, koma mtsogoleri wawo, mwana wamkulu wa Priam, maekala, anapha Patroclus.

chochitika Zimenezi zinachititsa kuti mkwiyo wa Achilles, ndipo yanjanitsidwani ndi Agamemnon, anapita kubwezera olakwa. Iye anali aukali amene anapha Hector, womangidwa mtembo wake pagaleta lake ndi ankayendetsa kangapo kuzungulira mzindawo. Ndipo atangochoka kuti ngwazi yekha anapeza imfa yake.

Mupheni Achilles anali pafupi zosatheka, dziwani kuti mayi yomweyo pambuyo pa kubadwa kukhudza gwero, amene anamuika invulnerable. Koma akusunsa, iye namgwira Iye pyatochku lapansi. Apollo chinachititsa Paris, kuti kunali koyenera kugunda chidendene cha Achilles.

Pambuyo pa imfa yake, Agiriki anayamba kuuza wakeyo, iye ananena kuti ngwazi awiri: Odysseus ndi AJAX. Motero, zida anapita poyamba, ndiyeno AJAX anadzipha yekha. Motero, gulu lankhondo la Greek anali mosatsata zilembo ziwiri. The Trojan nkhondo anabwera latsopano zinasintha. Kubwereranso kupeta mamba ziyangoyango mu mtima mwawo, Agiriki wotchedwa thandizo anthu ena awiri: Philoctetes ndi Neoptolemus. Iwo anapha awiri atsogoleri otsalira a Trojan asilikali, kenako yamasika chidatha kupita ku nkhondo kumunda. Khalani mzinda wazingidwa akhoza kukhala nthawi yayitali ndipo kotero Odysseus, otchuka chifukwa cha kuchenjera kwake, anandiuza kuti anyenge Trojans. Iye akufuna kumanga kavalo yaikulu ndi mtengo n'kubwera monga mphatso kukazungulira mzinda, ndipo yekha kuti ayerekeze kuti kusambira. Agiriki anatentha msasa, anakwera ngalawa zawo ndipo anayamba kupalasa kwa headland yapafupi.

Trojans anaganiza kokani kavalo mu mzinda, osadziwa kuti mimba yake kubisala bwino nkhondo Ahelene. Wansembe Laocoön anachenjeza anthu pokonzekera vuto, koma palibe amene anamvera. Pa zipata za kavalo sanali pochitika ndi Trojans anagwetsa mbali ya khoma. Usiku nkhondo anatuluka m'mimba mwa kavalo, tiyeni mzinda wa Agiriki amene abwerera. Aphambo amuna ndi akazi ndi ana anagwidwa. Choncho anathetsa Trojan nkhondo.

Zambiri pa chochitika lino, tinaphunzira ndakatulo "The Iliad", analembedwa ndi amene analembedwa Homer. Komabe, tsopano kukhazikika bwino kuti Ndipotu, ndi Greek dziko epic, amene akuuza anthu okhala m'mizinda, oimba wamba, aedy, ndi Homer anali mwina anthu otchuka kwambiri aedov, kapena kungoti anasonkhana mu zidutswa osiyana mu chimodzi.

Kwa nthawi yaitali Trojan nkhondo ankaonedwa nthano ndi chokongola nthano, koma kenanso. Makamaka, chifukwa cha izi ndichoti munali osadziwika komwe Troy, zomwe zikusonyeza kuti mzinda umenewo kulibe.

Koma ndiye katswiriyo Genrih Shliman anapeza mabwinja a Troy. Ndiye zinaonekeratu kuti Trojan nkhondo, mbiri ya amene ananenedwa "Iliad", anali kwenikweni.