"Paks" - mphamvu za nyukiliya zomera Hungary (Photo)

Mphamvu ya chitetezo cha mphamvu kupereka mosadodometsedwa ndi odalirika ntchito zomera zosiyanasiyana mphamvu. Data zinthu chidwi cha anthu osati apadera luso, komanso atsogoleri dziko pamwamba, chifukwa kugwira ntchito yachibadwa mphamvu magetsi zimadalira onse mlingo chuma ndiponso umoyo wa chitukuko cha deralo, komanso linakhalapo otetezeka. M'nkhaniyi, ife kuyang'ana "Paks" - zomera mphamvu za nyukiliya inali ku Hungary.

zambiri

Choyamba onetsetsani kuona kuti malopa ndi yekhayo amene akadali ntchito pa dziko Magyar. "Paks" (NPP) kuchotsedwa likulu, makilomita 100, ndipo makilomita 5 okha ku mudzi eponymous, ndi anthu pafupi anthu zikwi makumi awiri. Chimphona mafakitale udaikidwa ndi akatswiri Soviet ndi opaleshoni ake panopa mathanki onse kwathunthu yofanana - VVER-440.

nkhani za m'mbiri

"Paks" (NPP) Iwo anayamba ake "moyo" mu kale kutali kwa ife August 1974. Ndi pamene omanga anayamba kumanga gawo loyamba, zimene zinaphatikizapo mayunitsi mphamvu ziwiri. zaka zisanu ndi zinayi pambuyo - mu October 1983 - unit woyamba unayambitsidwa, ndipo patatha chaka chimodzi anali ndi chipika chachiwiri.

Pomanga gawo lachiwiri inayamba mu 1979, ndipo mu 1986 anaikidwa mu ntchito wagawo nambala firii. November 1987 anaona kugwirizana kwa unit nambala 4.

Ambiri, kukonza kunena kuti "Paks" (NPP) Iyo inali ya zomangamanga, omwe anali nawo zosiyanasiyana zoposa 110 lonse la mabungwe ndi mabizinesi. Onse amene anali padziko lonse. Ntchito yobweretsa zida zomangira mwachindunji, adanyamula kuchuluka yaikulu chisanadze kutumidwa ndi unsembe kuyang'aniridwa ndi akatswiri ochokera m'mayiko amenewa kutsogolera ankagwira monga Germany, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, Hungary. Chifukwa cha khama akatswiri onse amene akukhudzidwa, "Paks» Ziwerengero NPP IAEA chimatengedwa ngati mmodzi wa zomera bwino wa mtundu uwu mu European Africa lonse.

luso zizindikiro

NPP "Paksi" (Hungary) koma ali anayi, mphamvu za omwe ali mu osiyanasiyana 500 MW. Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu magetsi opangidwa ndi malopa, ndi 40% buku okwana zikupezeka dziko.

Aliyense chipika tso zotsatirazi Gawo:

• Water-madzi riyakitala, amene umagwira ntchito mwa neutrons matenthedwe.
• Six nthunzi magudumu popanga matani 450 pa ola la zimalimbikitsa, nthunzi youma pa mavuto 4.7 MPa.
• Six makope mpope, amene chachikulu ntchito ndi kuonetsetsa yothandizira coolant otaya.
• Khumi zamakolo chitsekere wolemera mavavu olumala pamene kuzungulira kutero.
• mayunitsi awiri chopangira mphamvu mwachindunji yosintha kutentha mphamvu mu magetsi.

Kumanganso ndiponso wamakono

Kumapeto kwa 2014, pakati pa Boma Corporation "Rosatom" ndi "Paks» NPP ku Hungary mgwirizano A chinasainidwira kwa kumanga ndi kuika mu machitidwe a mayunitsi latsopano. Malinga ndi mfundo analengeza kuchuluka okwana ndalama kukonzekera chochitika sadzakhala mayuro oposa biliyoni 12,5. Basi miyezi ingapo pamaso pa kalembera wa chikalata pakati Russia ndi Hungary, mgwirizano anaphedwa pa zifukwa umene Russia alonjeza kupereka mayuro biliyoni 10 kumaliza ntchito yomanga siteshoni ngongole. Yomanga mayunitsi mwachindunji nambala 5 ndi nambala 6 adzayamba mu 2018. Malinga ndi ndondomeko yanuyo chipika chachisanu adzayenera kuima pa mzere mu 2023, ndi chimodzi - patapita zaka ziwiri. Mphamvu ya aliyense wa magwero mphamvu latsopano lidzakhala 1200 megawatts.

Tsatanetsatane wa ndikupeleka

Choncho, Hungary chofunika kupeza ngongole kuyamba kubwerera mu miyezi sikisi pambuyo oyamba a mayunitsi ntchito. Muyenera ngongoleyo zaka 21. Pankhaniyi, zaka khumi chidwi malipiro pa ngongole sadzakhala upambana 4%. Pambuyo awiriwo adzakhala kuonjezera: choyamba, mpaka 4.5%, ndipo kenako - kuti 4.9%.

Masana 15 mwezi ntchito mkombero

Kumapeto kwa 2015 atomiki kuyang'aniridwa Hungary wapereka chilolezo siteshoni tafotokoza pa ntchito mafuta, amene adzakonza mlingo patsogolo kale 4.7%, osati 4.2%, monga izo zinaliri kale. Izi zipangitsa kuti mayunitsi onse anayi a kampani mphamvu ntchito mu mkombero watsopano wa miyezi 15.

zochitika

Mwachionekere, si bwino kufotokoza izo zina, mmene loopsya "Paks» NPP. Ngozi pa izo, mwatsoka, akadali anaonekera pafupi. April 10, 2003, nthawi ya kukhazikitsa munakonza mpandawo pa chipika yachiwiri M'nkhani ya zinachitika, kenako anatenga zaka zoposa zitatu Kupha zotsatira. Mfundo yaikulu ya chochitikacho yafupika chakuti m'chimake wakhala kuonongeka misonkhano mafuta pa mankhwala kukonza kwawo mwapadera wokwera kuti thanki iyi. Ntchito ikuchitika view wa makampani AREVA anayamba luso. Mwamwayi, kupyoza kuipitsidwa chovomerezeka amayamikira izo zinajambulidwa kunja woyendera nthambi mafakitale siteshoni. Pamaziko a zochitika padziko lonse nyukiliya onga ngozi mlingo lachitatu anapatsidwa.

Mikangano ndi kutsutsana

"Paks NPP-2" ntchito Inasanduka mokwanira lalikulu chopunthwitsa pakati Union ndi European ndi boma la Hungary. Monga kale lipoti womkanikizawo, bungwe European ikuchitika mozama kufufuza mu thandizo boma kuti ntchitoyi kuonetsetsa yomanga odalirika midadada awiri ano pamalopa. Chifukwa cha Nduna ya boma Chihangare Yanosh Lazar, mafunso onse ndi mfundo za nkhaniyo anali okhazikika ndi zopinga kugonjetsa. Malinga ndi iye, Hungary watenga nkhani kuzipenya wa zibwenzi zake European ndi kumachita chirichonse zinthu za magulu onse amagwira ntchito atatengedwa kupita ku nkhani ngati kuli kotheka.

Mwa njira, akatswiri Chihangare zachilengedwe anayesanso ina iliyonse kuteteza kukhazikitsa mgwirizano pa ntchito yomanga midadada ano. Mu lingaliro lawo, anaganiza oyamba a mkulu mphamvu kungasokoneze kwambiri pa chuma, popeza mphamvu yotengedwa motere zodula ndipo kwambiri patsogolo mlingo wa kudalira la Hungary kuchokera la Russia, potero kukumba ulamuliro wa.

kumuyalutsa

Mlembi State wa Hungary Zoltán Kovacs ananena kuti mudziwe ofalitsidwa ndi nyuzipepala British Financial Times za Letsani ankaimbidwa ya mgwirizano EU pakati Russia ndi Hungary pa ntchito yomanga midadada yatsopano mu "Paks" NPP Ndi lolakwika ndipo alibe zizigwirizana zinthu zenizeni. Komanso, kapolo wa boma anapempha kuti buku la izi Albion yotsutsa otchuka.

Umboni winanso mmene tcheru chonse asaiwale "Paks" NPP, amene anaika chithunzi m'nkhani atha kutumikira ngati kuba kufika ya wotsogolerayo laputopu wa siteshoni. Izi kunyamula makompyuta muli kampani zanu zachinsinsi zokhudza wamakono anakonza pamalowo nyukiliya. Mutu wa kampani zotayika wothandizira ake digito pa nthawi, pamene ine ndinapita ku msonkhano malonda pakati Budapest ndi kumanzere galimoto kwa kanthawi, kusiya mkati katundu wake wake.

kukula kwa mtengo wa mgwirizanowo yomanga mayunitsi kwa Hungary akhoza Akuti mwa muyezo izi: ambiri mavoti ya boma yamalamulo anakuvoterani kuzindikira zinthu zina chinsinsi athane ndi Russia pa Kumangidwa kwa latsopano awiri chipika kwa zaka makumi atatu. Pa chitsimikizo cha nyumba yamalamulo kusuntha anali malinga ndi cholinga molondola kuteteza zofuna za dziko ndiponso ya chitetezo cha dziko.

Kukambirana ndi ena

M'chaka cha mamembala 2015 wa gululo boma, lotsogoledwa ndi mkulu wa nyukiliya "Paks" kampani mphamvu, anapita Moscow Forum "Atomexpo", ndipo makamaka - maimidwe a Chibelarusi nyukiliya magetsi. alendowa zinali zomveka kwambiri, chifukwa chinthu yomanga ku Belarus ndi yofanana ndi kukonzekera Hungary.