The maginito ndi yunifolomu ndipo sanali yunifolomu: mapangidwe ndi chizindikiritso

Imodzi mwa mfundo zofunika ntchito mu sayansi, ndi maginito. Chili pa kusuntha milandu magetsi. Amaona ndipo sadamve ndi munthu, koma kupezeka ake angathe kuonedwa ndi maginito kapena chitsulo. N'kosavutanso zokwanira kuti azindikire momwe maginito amatchedwa homogeneous ndi sakanikira.

Kuzindikiritsidwa ndi kudziwika njira ya m'munda maginito

Pamene takumana ndi mfundo ya maginito ilipodi, tili ndi funso za mtundu wa munda maginito, yunifolomu kapena osakhala yunifolomu izo. Pamaso poyankha funso limeneli, m'pofunika kudziwa mawu koyamba.

The maginito amaganiza kuti tikambirane mtundu wapadera zakuthupi alipo pafupi kusunthira milandu magetsi, makamaka pafupi ndi ochititsa panopa kumangopitirizabe. Mungapeze pogwiritsa ntchito maginito singano kapena chitsulo filings.

munda homogeneous

Iwo anapeza m'kati Mzere maginito ndi solenoid, pamene kutalika ndi wamkulu kuposa awiri a. Pankhaniyi, ulamuliro wa chala contours ya m'munda maginito udzayamba kulamulira counterclockwise.

mizere maginito ndi kufanana ndi molunjika, kupanda pakati pawo yofanana, mphamvu ya chikoka pa singano maginito sasiyana mfundo zonse ukulu wake ndi malangizo.

munda inhomogeneous

Pankhani ya inhomogeneous mizere maginito adzakhala ndichotse, lopanda therebetween ndi osiyana mu ukulu, mphamvu yaikulu ndi muvi umodzi wa maginito zimasiyanasiyana pa mfundo zosiyanasiyana m'munda ukulu wake ndi malangizo. Komanso, mphamvu kuchita Mzere aikidwa mu maginito munda muvi, amachita mu mfundo zosiyanasiyana ndi osiyana mu ukulu ndi malangizo a asilikali. Izi akutchedwa munda inhomogeneous. The mizere m'munda ali yokhota kumapeto amenewa, pafupipafupi zimasiyanasiyana mfundo kuwalozera.

Kudziwa mtundu uwu wa kumunda, mwina pafupi ndi mwachindunji panopa kumangopitirizabe wochititsa, Mzere maginito ndi solenoid.

ndi mizere maginito Kodi

Mu malo oyamba ngati ntchitoyo ayenera kuona ndi maginito kuti ndi homogeneous kapena inhomogeneous, aumbike, tiyenera kudziwa mizere maginito, mawonekedwe amene zimaonekeratu kuti khalidwe la.

Yosonyeza ya maginito anayamba ntchito mizere maginito. Iwo n'kupanga kungoganiza ili pamodzi singano maginito ndipo anaikidwa maginito ilipodi. Ndi mzera maginito kupyolera mfundo zonse za m'thengo, adzakhala malangizo ndi zonse pafupi.

malangizo

Tuluka mwa kumpoto a maginito ndipo anajambulitsa kum'mwera. Mkati mwa maginito onse mosamalitsa zosiyana. The mizere alibe chiyambi kapena mapeto, ndi chatsekedwa kapena ku malire kwa osawerengeka.

Kunja maginito mizere ali kuli pafupi mizati. Kuchokera pamenepa, zimaonekeratu kuti kwambiri kwambiri zimakhudzira munda pafupi mizati, ndi mtunda kuchokera pansi pa imafoola. Popeza kuti n'kupanga maginito ali yokhota kumapeto, malangizo a mphamvu kuchita ndi muvi umodzi wa maginito, ndi zinasintha.

Kodi kudzatunga

Kuti timvetse kusiyana yunifolomu maginito ya sakanikira, amafunika kuphunzira kusonyeza ntchito mizere maginito.

Mwachitsanzo yatsoka yunifolomu maginito tiyenela kuiganizila pamwamba dzina otchedwa solenoid omwe ndi cylindrical waya koyilo kudzera omwe panopa ali ololedwa. Mkati izo, maginito tinganene kuti homogeneous, malinga kutalika ndi wamkulu kuposa awiri a (kunja mmunda coils adzakhala si yunifolomu, mizere maginito adzaikidwa komanso gulu-chiphaso maginito).

munda yunifolomu amadziwikanso ankakhala mu likulu la okhazikika maginito Mzere. M'dera zochepa danga zotheka kubereka ndi yunifolomu maginito, imene amadza mphamvu pa muvi maginito adzakhala ofanana ukulu ndi malangizo.

Yosonyeza ya maginito, pogwiritsa ntchito chitsanzo chotsatirachi. Ngati mzere adzakhala ili perpendicular kwa ndege kujambula ndi akuuzidwa ndi wolotayo, iwo akamachita mitanda, ngati wolotayo - mfundo. Mofanana ndi panopa, aliyense mtanda ngati mchira kuonekera zouluka pakuwoneka mivi ndi mfundo - mivi lakuthwa, amene ntchentche kwa ife.

Lamulo la "Jambulani yunifolomu ndipo sanali yunifolomu maginito" mosavuta doable. Mwachidule kujambula mizere maginito ya m'munda anapatsidwa makhalidwe (homogeneous ndi inhomogeneous).

Komabe, kuli minda si yunifolomu complicates kwambiri ntchitoyo. Zimenezi chimake, yokonza chifukwa thupi ntchito aone kuti pali ambiri chodziwikiratu.

kusiyana

Yankho la funso za kusiyana yunifolomu maginito ya sakanikira, mosavuta zokwana kutipatsa. Choyamba zimatengera pa mizere maginito. Pankhani ya munda yunifolomu mtunda wa pakati pawo adzakhala yemweyo, ndipo iwo wogawana anaika, ndi mphamvu kuchita zipangizo pa mfundo iliyonse. onse mosamalitsa kumunda si yunifolomu zosiyana. Mzere omangidwa ili mu malo osiyana kuchita ndi mphamvu wosiyana pa zipangizo.

Zochita zambiri kumachitika munda inhomogeneous, komanso kukumbukira, chifukwa minda homogeneous angayambe kupatula mwa chinthu, monga maginito kapena solenoid. polojekiti kunja adzakhala kulemba heterogeneity.

munda kudziwika

Pozindikira kuti yunifolomu ndipo sanali yunifolomu maginito, ndi kudziwa awo mfutizo ayenera kudziwa njira zimene mukhoza kudziwa iwo.

Mophweka kwambiri chifukwa izi ndi kuyesera ankachititsa ndi Oersted. Amakhala mu ntchito singano maginito, amene amathandiza kudziwa kuti pali magetsi. Kamodzi panopa kuyenda kupyolera wochititsa lili mivi kuti kusuntha, chifukwa chakuti pali homogeneous ndi inhomogeneous maginito minda.

Mogwirizana ndi ochititsa panopa

Aliyense panopa-yonyamula katundu wochititsa anati munda wake maginito, kumachita ndi mphamvu zina lotsatira. Malinga ndi malangizo panopa, ndi ochititsa adzakopedwa kapena kuopsedwa Chrixitu. m'minda akuwuka kwa zinthu zosiyanasiyana ndipo apangidwe kupanga umodzi chifukwa kumunda.

Kodi ndi chiyani

Zitsanzo za homogeneous ndi inhomogeneous maginito ntchito mu cathode ray chubu, ndi coils amene panopa wadutsa. Kupeza mawonekedwe Napempha kwa munda maginito ntchito shelving Onyamula Zazitali Ayi, zishango maginito anapanga nsalu kolimbikira maginito permeability.

Mmene minda inhomogeneous maginito amatha kusintha njira ya zochitika sizingasinthe zachilengedwe thupi ndi mankhwala, makamaka sakanikira ndondomeko. Maonekedwe a mayamwidwe chipwirikiti amatsogolera ndi kuwonjezeka malamulo angapo ukulu liwiro kayendedwe ka mpweya kwa madzi pamwamba mu mawonekedwe a microbubbles. Zotsatira za m'dera madzi m'thupi ndipo ion particles chifukwa microcrystallization ndondomeko intensification. Mu zopatsa mphamvu TV otaya anachita angathe kubala ufulu ankafuna kusintha zinthu mopitirira, singlet mpweya, peroxide ndi mankhwala asafe. Zimachitika coagulation, ndi mankhwala amadzimadzi chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kukokoloka.

Pa cavitation lalikulu thovu hydrodynamic phindu chifukwa ndi cavities complicates entrainment awo a madzi ochokera m'madera a mochedwerako mu zone apamwamba kuthamanga kumene thovu kugwa imachitika. Pa kugwa kuchuluka ka kuwira ali zili otsika mpweya ndipo pali amphamvu mankhwala anachita ofanana ndi madzi a m'magazi kumaliseche. Pamaso pa minda si yunifolomu maginito kumabweretsa cavities Kusakhazikika, azingokhala awo ndi zikamera wa vortices ang'ono-ang'ono ndi thovu. Popeza vuto la pakati pa mzinda wa mmene kanyamaka ndi adatchithisira, ndi wotembenuka mu thovu yaing'ono kukula mpweya.

Pa miyezo kupatsidwa ulemu m'munda nonuniform maginito tiyenera kukumbukira kuti Nyumba ya voteji ndi njila kwa ukulu wa pakuchitika munda mphamvu mkati m'dera njanjira ndi pamwamba transducer.

Kuganizira ndi matabwa paraxial amagwiritsidwa ntchito si yunifolomu maginito popangidwa ndi coils chidule coils multilayer, kutalika kwa amene ali mwachinsinsi ndi awiri zake. An elekitironi kugwa ngati munda, mphamvu, kusintha malangizo ake. Pakompyuta kufooketsedwa ndi mphamvu zimenezi akuyandikira mandala olamulira, ndi ndege imene ali njira yodutsamo ake ali yokhota kumapeto. The elekitironi akamayendetsa woterewu gawo lomwe intersects disolo olamulira pa mfundo zina.

Okhudza malo Chinthu kuwonjezeka chifukwa cha inhomogeneous minda okhudza malo rassredotachivaniem pa gawo la kachitidwe sakanikira, anaposa madzi. Kupeza anthu milingo inversion kulekana njira ntchito inhomogeneous munda analenga multiband maginito. mawonekedwe mzati ndi lofanana ndi ndodo mu quadrupole capacitor oscillator maselo ntchito ammonia.

Njira ntchito

Maginito chilema kudziwika njira ndondomeko zochokera pa samatha mphamvu ya particles maginito minda si yunifolomu kuti awonekere ziwonongeke. Ndi kudzikundikira ufa ngati akaone pamaso pa chilema, kukula kwake ndi udindo pa zinthu scanned.

Ndithu sangathe njira ya matabwa maselo ndi munda kwambiri inhomogeneous maginito imatengedwa zotsatira yaing'ono pogawanikana pamawere. Pali njira yosavuta ndi looneka akuimira cha kuchuluka zotsatira. Amakhala mu ntchito kunja maginito kuwala kumunda. Yotsirizira zingakuthandizeni kuonjezera ntchito magnetometers precession nyukiliya motsogozedwa minda si yunifolomu maginito.

The ntchito njira imeneyi ndiye mkulu kuthetsa mphamvu, kupanga n'zotheka kukonza inhomogeneous maginito mwachinsinsi ndi mtengo wa maginito tinthu wosanjikiza tepi, ndi kuthekera kupeza kuwonongeka pa pamalo zovuta ndi kutseka mipata.

The kuipa ndi chosowa cha sekondale zambiri processing zinalembedwa particles yekha minda maginito pamodzi lamba, zovuta ndi kusunga demagnetization tepi ndipo m'pofunika kuteteza chikoka minda kunja maginito.

The maginito ndi yunifolomu ndipo sanali yunifolomu ndi zofala, ngakhale mfundo yakuti wosaonekayo wokhala yosavuta. Zitsanzo za homogeneous ndi inhomogeneous maginito angathe kuonedwa mu maginito bandpass ndi solenoids. Pankhaniyi, iwo Tingaone pogwiritsa ntchito maginito singano kapena chitsulo filings yosavuta.