Russian chithaphwi. Lalikulu Russian dambo

Chithaphwi. Kumva mawu awa, ambiri amaona mantha zosamvetsetseka. Wowopsa kuyerekeza mmene moyo ambiri anatenga dambo mdima yokutidwa ndi chifunga. Nthawi iwo kunyezimira magetsi mpweya zokha flammable. Iwo sakhulupirira kuti moyo pali pakuthawathawa, amadzimadzi ndi nsikidzi? Dambo Russia - mutu wapadera. Zikupezeka mu dziko lathu lalikulu. Ndipo nthano anthu akuyenda kwambiri. Tiona malo ataima madzi (ali otsika kunama, chosakhalitsa, pa kavalo) kuchokera kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zosiyanasiyana.

Chinsinsi deta cranberries

Dambo Russia, amayi Russia: lonyowa stale mpweya, kuchuluka kwa udzudzu bloodsuckers, horseflies. Mu masiku akale ankaganiza: ano ndi malo kumacheza ndi mizimu yoipa. Kuyambira nthano tidziwa kuti anthu amene ku mibadwomibadwo analandira kuchokera kwa makolo awo kudziwa chinsinsi (mages ndi anyanga), anabwerera kunyamula ngodya kwa miyambo matsenga. Mwina. Palinso maganizo mfiti zimakhudzidwa Kutolere mankhwala a zitsamba. Monga amadziwika, ndi m'madambo zambiri: rosemary, cranberries, cloudberries, anakweranso, ndi mndandanda wina.

Ambiri n'zokayikitsa kuti mukhoza kumanga nyumba pamalo woopsa kwambiri? Koma panali amuna olimba mtima. Osankhidwa zidutswa mtunda anamangidwa okhala ndi whiled kutali zaka kudya masewera zakutchire ndi zipatso. Zifukwa achire ku dziko zambiri anafotokoza prosaic kwambiri: ena hermits anali pothawa adani awo, ena - kuchokera kuyimbidwa kwa yazamalamulo. Mathotho ankatchedwa kokha kusankhidwa eni.

M'maganizo mwanu, popeza anayenda Russia (mwachitsanzo, malire a limati Baltic, Ukraine, Belarus kuti Kamchatka), ife tikupeza: zithaphwi kulikonse. malo abwino kwa asayembekezere amati ndi chodziwa zili chinyezi mpweya ndi zochitika za osaya mtsinje mobisa (pansi). makhalidwe amasiyana M'madera a zitunda mkulu ndi ofunda a kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi.

zana Russian ochititsa chidwi

Mtsinje kum'mawa Siberia ndi Far East pakamwa pa chinyontho kwambiri. mipata osefukira wolemera Titafika pamalo, Madzi oundana zigawo zomwe kulepheretsa chinyezi adzalowerera pansi. M'madambo kumpoto kwa Russia zedi.

Western Siberia amatchedwa malo ambiri lowe mu dziko. Tangoganizirani lonse: makilomita oposa 570, iwo achotsedwa kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kummwera, ndi pa 300 makilomita kuchokera kumadzulo kum'mawa. Vasyugan m'chigwa pakati pa mitsinje ob ndi Irtysh kumeneko Vasyuganskoye chithaphwi. Iwo ali m'gulu la mndandanda wa "akudabwa Chikwi cha Russia". M'dera la 53 sq. M. Km (lalikulu kuposa gawo la mayiko ena European).

Koma ziribe kanthu momwe osayenera moyo zingaoneke chithaphwi, iwo ndi lalikuru kufunika zachilengedwe kwa zigawo, monga anachita ntchito biosphere (accumulative, zamoyo mezhkrugovorotnuyu).

Anathandiza Ice Age

Square Kufalitsa West Siberia zithaphwi ndi chachikulu makilomita 1700 kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kummwera, ndi chimodzimodzi kuchokera kummawa mpaka kumadzulo (ndi zosokoneza pang'ono). Nawa anaikira zopitirira kota ya madipoziti peat dziko. Mwa zigawo lowe wa gawo European monga Karelia (30% peresenti a gawo, mu malo mpaka 70%) ndi wa Kola Peninsula.

Musanayambe inakhazikitsidwa dambo (Russia, monga taphunzira, iwo samachititsa) kuchoka pansi ndi oundana ntchito yabwino, kupanga malo a mapiri, interspersed ndi otsika (onse akale pansi pa nyanja). Waterlogging anayamba khumi kapena khumi ndi zikwi zapitazo. Kuwaona ku view bird's diso, zikuoneka kuti danga kosalimba unadzipiringiza mu zingwe zachilendo, chikugwirizana ndi mzake m'ngalande peat.

Pawiri zinachitika motere: matendawa, anamwazikana mpumulo pang'onopang'ono wodzazidwa ndi zomera wandiweyani zatsalira humus ndi mumafuna kunja, mtanda mwa poto, merging pamodzi. mtundu wotchedwa Karelian m'madambo.

Ryamy ndi uchikumbe

timapepala lalikulu la nkhalango m'mphepete mwa chithaphwi kale awiri ndi zikwi theka zaka. Ndipo lero iwo ali likukulira, agwilitse gawo pakati pa mitsinje, masitepe mtsinje ndipo zigwa chigumula. Mayina a malo awa m'masiku akale, akhala ndi kwambiri.

Mwachitsanzo, ryamy chonse kapena pang'ono chowulungika, inamera zitsamba ndi nkhalango. Ambiri a iwo mu madera nayonso kum'mwera kwa Western Siberia. Iwo mogwirizana ngati fani, mikwingwirima ya widths osiyana (kuchokera mamita 100 makilomita angapo). Chifukwa mfundo mogwirizana, nthambi kupanga dongosolo kwambiri.

Ambiri kumva ndi dzina monga Zaymische. kotero nthawi zambiri amatchedwa dambo inamera mabango. nkhalango Russian ndi zithaphwi n'zogwirizana. Pali zithaphwi mu wogontha zambiri. Anthu - Tesa. Dambo nkhalango lokwererapo - Udall. gawo lotsiriza la waterlogging - apeze zikopa.

Nyanja adzakhala dambo

West-Siberia zithaphwi muli nkhokwe yaikulu madzi, kuwerengera pafupifupi zikwi makilomita kiyubiki. Mighty ob chaka amapanga mu Nyanja Kara nthawi 2.5 zochepa! N'zosadabwitsa kuti peatlands akukulira chaka ndi chaka. Vasyuganskoye m'madambo ndi yaikulu, koma pali ena kwambiri chithaphwi Russia: Tyuguryukskoe (Altai), Grand (Vologda), ndipo ena.

Mu dziko lathu, kwambiri nyanja. Madamu pakanema pafupifupi mamiliyoni atatu. Kwambiri kuya nyanja Baikal (mamita 1620). Ngakhale mu Soviet Union iliyonse sukulu ankadziwa kuti lili theka la madzi athu atsopano. Nyanja anaika omangidwa.

Izo zimatengera zinthu zambiri. Choyamba, kuchokera kapangidwe miyala. Koma zofunika monga mpumulo, nyengo, zimene mtunda kuchokera padzikoli bodza pansi ndi zina zotero. D. Kodi nyengo youma, kuchuluka kwa nyanja zochepa. Inland nyanja ndizodzazidwa ndi particles dothi, kukula osaya. Ngati mulibe kumawasamalira iwo, iwo akhoza kukhala malo omwewo pamene pakuthawathawa moyo. Ngakhale zikuoneka ngati nyanja chikugwirizana ndi zithaphwi Russian (osati iwo)?

Akatswiri ambiri amanena kuti dambo tsoka akuyembekezera ndi Volga Mtsinje, mlingo umene pambuyo yomanga zomera kugwa hydropower (ndi zinthu zina zopangidwa) kwambiri mochedwa, zokha modabwitsa akusokoneza. Ngati vuto yakhudza wina wa mitsempha kwambiri buluu a Dziko Lapansi, zodabwitsa za tsogolo la mitsinje ang'onoang'ono ndi nyanja. Monga ife kale mukudziwa, morass zosatha (zithaphwi) Russia ndi inakhazikitsanso pang'onopang'ono.

Tonga Amur dera

Kum'mawa kwa m'madambo Yenisei bambo sali kwambiri. Kum'mawa Siberia ali ndi iwo yokwana khumi limodzi chabe. M'madera ambiri - ndi lowland m'zigwa (kuphatikizapo ku Central Yakut, ambiri m'madambo zigwa Indigirka ndi North Siberia, pa maziko a lomwe lili ndi Khatanga maganizo). Zingamvekere Madzi oundana. Chifukwa cha otsika kutentha humus (peat) amapangidwa ndi anasonkhanitsa pang'onopang'ono kwambiri. The makulidwe a wosanjikiza alipo mita imodzi yokha, ngakhale pali malo kumene mpaka mamita 5. Izi ndi zotsatira za nthawi amenewo pamene nyengo yotentha.

Ku Far East, nayenso, amakonda chithaphwi floodplains za mitsinje ikuluikulu. Amur Oblast - mtsogoleri (kumene ankaganiza kuti 36 peresenti). Mbali yachisanu ya m'madambo ndi kuwoloka pa onse. Pali Quagmirran: pamwamba wosanjikiza wa peat ndi pansi pa mosungiramo madzi. Dambo amaonedwa Kamchatka (makamaka Okhotsk gombe) ndi Sakhalin.