Nyanja Yaikulu ya Vasyugansky

Magulu a Vasyugan ndi aakulu kwambiri padziko lapansi. Iwo ali pakati pa dziko la Siberia kudera lina kwinakwake pakati pa Irtysh ndi Ob. Ambiri mwa malowa amapezeka m'chigawo cha Tomsk, akugwira mbali ya Omsk ndi Novosibirsk dera, komanso Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug. Mtsinje wa Vasyugan umasangalatsa ndi kukula kwake. Malo a malo okongolawa ali pafupi makilomita zikwi makumi asanu ndi zisanu. Chizindikiro ichi chikuposa kukula kwa mayiko ambiri, mwachitsanzo, Estonia, Denmark ndi Switzerland. Kutalika kwa mathithi ndi 320 kuchokera kumpoto mpaka kummwera ndi makilomita 570 kuchokera kumadzulo mpaka kummawa.

Kodi nsombayo inkawonekera bwanji?

Malinga ndi asayansi, kudumpha kwa malowa kunayamba pafupifupi zaka zikwi khumi zapitazo. Koma kukula kwa mathithi sikuletsa ngakhale tsopano. Pazaka 500 zapitazi, malo a chilengedwe adakula pafupifupi 4. Pali nthano kumene kunenedwa kale nyanja ya Vasyugan nyanja. Komabe, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti dera lachilengedweli silinapangidwe osati chifukwa cha matupi a madzi a boggy. Pankhaniyi, chirichonse chinachitika chifukwa china. Malo okongola a chilengedwe adakhazikitsidwa chifukwa cha kuukira kwa nthaka. Izi zinachitika chifukwa cha zochitika zabwino kwambiri, komanso nyengo yozizira.

Poyamba, panali ziwembu 19 pamalo a mathithi. Malo awo anali pafupi makilomita mazana asanu ndi limodzi. Komabe, mbolayi inadula malo ozungulira. Izi zingafanane ndi kuyamba kwa mchenga m'chipululu. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mathithi a Vasyugan ndi chitsanzo cha "nkhanza" komanso mapangidwe othawa.

Mvula yam'madzi

Magulu a Vasyugan, omwe zithunzi zawo zimasonyeza kukula kwawo kwakukulu, zimakhala ndi zomera ndi zinyama zapadera. Mlengalenga m'derali ndi chinyezi komanso zam'mlengalenga. Mu January, pafupifupi kutentha ndi pafupifupi 20 ° C pansi pa zero, ndipo mu July - 17 ° C pamwamba pa zero. Chivundikiro cha chipale chofewa chimakhala pafupifupi masiku 175 pachaka, ndipo kutalika kwake kumakhala masentimita 40 mpaka 80. Chifukwa cha nyengo imeneyi, bokosi la Great Vasyugansky ndi malo apadera, okhala ndi mitundu yambiri ya mbalame ndi zinyama zowonongeka.

Moyo wa zinyama ndi zomera

Zina mwa zomera za Vasyugan nkhumba, mitundu yonse ya zitsamba zamankhwala, komanso mitundu yambiri ya zipatso, monga blueberries, cloudberries, cranberries ndi ena ndi ofunika kwambiri. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti malowa ndi a mbalame, nsomba, nyama ndi tizilombo tosiyanasiyana. Kuti mupumule nthawi ya kusamuka, mbalame ndi mitundu ina ya mbalame zam'madzi imayima pano.

Pamphepete mwachitsulo mumatha kuzungulira zisa zake, zitsamba ndi mbalame zodya nyama, zomwe zimapezeka pakati pa fuko la peregrine. Mitundu yambiri yamitunduyo imatengedwa kuti ndi yosawerengeka. Kumeneku kunali kochepa komwe anawona kachilombo kochepa. Mitundu imeneyi ili pafupi kutha. Kumalo kumene madambo amadutsa m'nkhalango ndi mitsinje, mumatha kuona mabwenzi a nkhuni, mabwenzi a hazeliti, otters, mabokosi, mink ndi ntchentche.

Pafupi mpaka pakati pa 80s pa chigwa cha Vasyugan munthu akhoza kukumana ndi reindeer. Panthawiyi, chiwerengero cha zinyama zodabwitsa izi zatha. M'mayendedwe a mitsinje, omwe amachokera m'mabampu, pali mitundu pafupifupi 20 ya nsomba. M'zipinda zam'deralo, pali mapulusa, carp, pike-perch ndi bream.

Nkhumba za Vasyugan, kuwedza ndi kusaka ndizoletsedwa, ndi malo okhala osowa ndi osatetezeka a mitundu monga ruff, lamprey, peled, ndi nelma.

Ubwino Vasyuganskogo msampha

Pakali pano, mathithi a Vasyugan ndi gwero la madzi atsopano. Malowa ali pafupi mamita kilomita 400. Komanso, derali ndi lolemera kwambiri. Monga momwe kafukufuku amasonyezera, ma deposit odziwika amapezeka matani oposa 1 biliyoni ofunika kwambiri. Izi ndi pafupifupi 2% mwa zosungira zapadziko lapansi. Pafupifupi kuya kwa peat ndi mamita 2.4, ndipo kutalika kwake ndi mamita 10.

Musaiwale kuti ntchito yaikulu ya mathithi ndi kuyeretsedwa kwa mlengalenga. Ndicho chifukwa chake amatchedwanso "fyuluta yachilengedwe". Dziwani kuti peaty Vasyugan mchenga imatenga poizoni zinthu, zimamanga kaboni, imayambitsa mpweya ndi mpweya ndipo imalepheretsa kupanga wowonjezera kutentha.

Zamoyo zamakono

M'dera la Vasyugan gombe, palibe malo alionse. Komabe, chifukwa cha chitukuko cha chitukuko, zinthu zina zimakhudza chilengedwe. Kutenga kwa peat kumaphwanya kwambiri chilengedwe cha chigwa. Kuwonjezera pamenepo, pali vuto lokhudzana ndi kudula mitengo, kudula mitengo, komanso polima. Zonsezi zimakhudza kwambiri chikhalidwe cha vesi la Vasyugan. Chomwe chimatsogolera kuwonongeka kwa mitundu yosawerengeka ya nyama, tizilombo ndi mbalame.

Mafakitale osiyanasiyana olemera, peat m'zigawo, mafuta otayika amachititsa kuti zinthu zachilengedwe ziwonongeke kwambiri. Madzi owonongeka ochokera ku mabungwe ambiri amalowera mitsinje. Mavuto ambiri amapezanso kuchokera ku magawo awiri a miyala yomwe inayamba kuchokera ku Baikonur. Kulowa mumtunda, amaipitsa ndi mabwinja a heptyl - mafuta oopsa kwambiri.