Ndi angati dziko nkhondo anali ndi utali iwo unatha?

Anthu kwa zaka anagwedeza nkhondo. Koma kalelo, iwo sanali chotero khalidwe lalikulu m'ma XX. Ndi angati dziko nkhondo anali padziko lapansi? kutsutsana koteroko anali awiri: First World nkhondo ndi Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World. A yaikulu kuwonongeka, imfa ya asilikali ochuluka ndi anthu wamba - ndi zotsatira za makampani asilikali.

Lingaliro la Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse

Munthu ano nkhondo, kwenikweni, mukudziwa mabuku ndi mafilimu chizindikiro mabuku. Koma si aliyense akumvetsa tanthauzo la mawu akuti "Dziko lonse." Kodi zikutanthauza, ndi angati dziko nkhondo anali kuti?

Nkhondo, zimene zikuphatikizapo mayiko angapo ndipo atachotsedwa ku maiko osachepera makumi awiri, wotchedwa World nkhondo II. Monga ulamuliro, mayiko ogwirizana ndi mdani wamba iwo. M'mbiri yamakono, kutsutsana koteroko anali ziwiri: mwa chiyambi cha m'ma XX, Dziko Lonse Yoyamba, ndipo mu 30s mochedwa M'zaka zomwezi - Wachiwiri World nkhondo. Mu zonse za nkhondo, mayiko ambiri anali mtsikana: Germany, France, Italy, UK, Russia, USA, Japan. Mayiko onse nawo zowawa zomvetsa yaikulu, kuchititsa m'mavuto kwa anthu, imfa ndi chiwonongeko. Zingati anali nkhondo dziko, nthawi yawo ndi zotsatira za nkhawa chidwi ndi mbiri onse.

nkhondo premonition

mayiko a ku Ulaya kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma latsopano anatha magawano m'magulu awiri otsutsanawa. The standoff anali kupita pakati France ndi Germany. Lirilonse la maiko awa kufunafuna ogwirizana mu nkhondo m'tsogolo. Ndipotu kuchita pamafunika zinthu zoopsa. Mu atasemphana la England anathandiza France, ndi Austria-Hungary - Germany. Nayonso inayamba ku Ulaya Pasanapite nthawi Sarajevo adawomba kuti kuwombera mu 1914, omwe anakhala chiyambi cha nkhondoyi.

Pakuti kulandidwa kwa ufumu m'mayiko monga Russia ndi Serbia, anthu osema miyala French anali yotupa ndondomeko, akukankha boma la nkhondo. Kodi anali nkhondo dziko, nkhondo si mfundo za m'dzikoli, iwo onse amayamba ndi zina zochitika zofanana, poyambira. Ndipo Pofuna pa Archduke Franz Ferdinand la Austria, ochitidwa Sarajevo mu June 1914, n'chifukwa oyamba a asilikali Austria ku Serbia. Austria-Hungary mwalamulo kulengeza nkhondo pa Serbia July 15, 1914 ndi tsiku lotsatira ndi bomba Belgrade.

The World loyamba

Asilavo Serbia - Orthodox dziko. Russia wakhala analimbikitsa patroness ake. Mu zinthu izi, Russian Tsar Nicholas II, sanathe kukhala kutali ndipo ndinawafunsa Kaiser la Germany si kuthandiza Austria-Hungary mu "zopanda pake" nkhondo. Ataona zimenezi, kazembe German, werengani Pourtales, anapereka n'kulemba mbali Russian ndi kulengeza nkhondo.

Mu nthawi yochepa mayiko onse akuluakulu European anapita kunkhondo. ogwirizana Russia anali France ndi England. Anamenyana Germany ndi Austria-Hungary. Pang'onopang'ono nkhondo anakopeka 38 limati, chiwerengero anthu amene pali pafupifupi biliyoni anthu. Ndi angati inatenga World nkhondo? Zinatha zaka zinayi ndipo inatha mu 1918.

World

Zinaoneka kuti zimene zinachitikira First World nkhondo, imfa lowopsya la moyo amayenera kukhala phunziro kwa mayiko a nkhondo. About angati nkhondo dziko linalembedwa mu mabuku onse sukulu. Koma anthu akuyamba kulakwitsa komweko kachiwiri: Pomaliza First World nkhondo, Pangano la Versailles sunawakhutitse m'mayiko ngati Germany ndi Turkey. Otsatidwa ndi mikangano dera lawo, amene kumawonjezera mavuto Europe. Mu Germany, Anazi anapita gululi, dziko akuyamba zikuchepa kuonjezera umatha asilikali.

Woyamba wa September 1939 , Germany anachita nkhondo ndi atalanda Poland. Icho chinali chiyambi cha Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World. Poyankha zimene Germany, France ndi England kulengeza nkhondo pa akagwiriridwa, koma analibe chilichonse pothandiza Poland, ndipo mwamsanga kwambiri wotanganidwa - masiku 28. Kodi zaka zambiri kuti unatha World nkhondo, amene anakokera mu atasemphana mayiko 61 a dziko? Iwo inatha mu 1945, mu September. Choncho, zinatha ndendende 6 zaka.

masiteji Waukulu

Wachiwiri World nkhondo zoipitsitsa pa dziko lonse mbiri ya anthu. Kuti zida za nyukiliya anayamba ntchito pa nkhondo. Against Nazi Germany anathandiza limati ambiri. Zinali odana ndi Hitler bloc, umene anthu: Soviet Union, France, Greece, England, ndi United States, China ndi ku mayiko ena. Ambiri a iwo osati mwachindunji nawo maudani, koma kuti athandize n'kotheka m'dipatimenti mankhwala, chakudya. kwambiri, panali m'mayiko ambiri kumbali ya Nazi Germany, Italy, Japan, Bulgaria, Hungary, Finland.

Njira waukulu wa nthaŵi tikambirana nkhondo iyi:

1. European German blitzkrieg - 1 September 1939 mpaka 21 June 1941.
2. Kuukira Soviet Union - June 22, 1941 kuti November 1942. Kulephera kwa Hitler Opaleshoni Barbarossa.
3. Kuyambira November 1942 mpaka kumapeto kwa 1943. Pa nthawi iyi pali kusintha mu njira ya nkhondo. asilikali Soviet anapita tingalimbanirane. Ndipo pa msonkhano ku Tehran ndi nawo Stalin, Churchill ndi Roosevelt anaganiza kutsegula kutsogolo chachiwiri.
4. Kuyambira 1943 mpaka May 1945 - siteji chinali ndi chigonjetso Red Army, komanso adani a Berlin ndi a capitulation la Germany.
5. Gawo lotsiriza - kuchokera May kuti September 2, 1945. Nthawiyi yomenyera ku Far East. Kodi ndege American anagwiritsira ntchito zida za nyukiliya ndi kumumenya Hiroshima ndi Nagasaki.

Kugonjetsa Fascism

Choncho, Chachiwiri World nkhondo inatha mu September 1945. Kodi asilikali anaphedwa ndi anthu wamba ambiri, tikhoza kunena pafupifupi yekha. Kufikira tsopano, akatswiri ena anapeza manda, amene akhalanso pa nthawi ya nkhondo mwankhanza ndi zowononga anthu onse.

Kuyerekezera akhakula akatswiri imfa kumbali zonse za nkhondo analipo anthu oposa 65 miliyoni. Ambiri a mayiko onse membala anataya nkhondo, ndithudi, Soviet Union. Ndi nzika okwana 27 miliyoni. nkhonya onse anawagwera, monga Red Army anakoloweka wamakani kukana kuti ankhondowo lopondereza. Koma malinga ndi ziwerengero Russian wa chiwerengero cha anthu amene ali apamwamba kwambiri, ndi ulaliki wa kanjedza ndi otsika kwambiri. Ndi angati dziko nkhondo anali pa dziko, koma zomvetsa monga mu Chachiwiri, mbiri konse. Akatswiri okhonda anavomera kuti imfa ya Soviet Union anali yoopsa kwambiri. Chithunzi cha miyoyo miliyoni 42,7.