Art. 48 la Civil Code. Lingaliro la bungwe lalamulo. ndemanga

Panopa ambiri mabungwe osiyana ntchito kumabungwe osiyanasiyana chuma. Nzika ichitikire kapena payekhapayekha ogwira lotseguka kwa kupanga ntchito, kupanga katundu, makonzedwe a misonkhano. Imodzi mwa ntchito zikuluzikulu za bungwe lirilonse lili kuti phindu. Tiyeni tipitirize mfundo bungwe lalamulo.

wa Civil Code

The Code alipo mu mutu 4. p. 1 tbsp. 48 la Civil Code anafotokoza tanthauzo ambiri a "munthu malamulo". Monga yaima, kampani, amene ali malo osiyana, ndi udindo udindo yake. gulu akhoza kugula ndi kugulitsa m'malo awo ufulu ndi udindo, kuti akhale mu bwalo ndi wotsutsana ndi odandaula. Norma anapereka choyambilira, amene ayenera kutsatira gulu lamulo lililonse. Art. 48 la Civil Code amafuna gulu pochitika kulembetsa boma. zambiri pa ogwira ntchito ayenera kupezeka mu Wonse. Mu N. 2 tbsp. 48 la Civil Code anakhazikitsa kuti kampani m'kaundula mu gulu malamulo mawonekedwe, kachidindo ena.

ufulu kulunjika

Mu N. 3 tbsp. 48 la Civil Code inakhazikitsa kusiyana pakati pa boma oyang'anira tauni unitary mabizinezi / mabungwe ndi makampani amapeza. Zoyambazo monga gulu, mu ulemu wa katundu amene umamvera ufulu kampani ya oyambitsa awo. Choncho, mu Gulu lachiwiri ndi amene makampani omwe ophunzira ndi makampani options malamulo. Bank chapakati za malamulo udzakhazikitsidwe kamba oyendetsera dziko ndi malamulo "Pa Bank ku Central".

Art. 48 la Civil Code ndi ndemanga

Chapter 4 Code analowa zotsatira pang'ono kale kwambiri za chakudya cha Part. 1. Poyerekeza ndi malamulo a RSFSR ndi USSR chikhazikitso cha mfundo yapachiweniweni ufulu wa mabungwe alamulo sanasinthe kwambiri. Pa nthawi yomweyo zikuonekeratu kuti zosiyanasiyana mphamvu ya zolowa boma ukasintha osiyana ndi mmene zinalili m'mbuyomu. Choncho, kusintha m'kupita zo anthu pa mapangidwe ndi ntchito Magulu osiyanasiyana m'gulu ndiponso malamulo a mabizinezi. Kusinthika kumene kunachitika mu boma, zinachititsa kusintha lamulo boma. Makamaka ndithu kwambiri anawonjezera mndandanda wa bungwe malamulo Zithunzi Zophunzitsira, kusintha anapangidwa malamulo umunthu malamulo, mitundu ya mabungwe ndi zina zotero. Tikumbukenso kuti ambiri mwa malangizo kale za mabungwe alamulo ali malamulo. Masiku ano, chakudya alipo wambiri pa zikalata feduro malamulo, ndi kiyi wa iwo - pa Civil Code. Popeza mu Art. 48 tanthauzo Civil Code imakhudzanso mabungwe onse, kaya ndi malonda kapena ayi.

umboni

Pali mfundo zina ziti zomwe gulu. Article 48 a Civil Code akunena kwa iwo liwulo gulu la zisudzo zachuma. Pali zizindikiro za mabungwe thupi ndi malamulo. Zoyambazo monga:

1. Lakunja ndi mumtima structural kudziyimira pawokha umodzi.
2. Osiyana katundu.
3. Chinthu umodzi.
4. Cholinga ambiri a zochita za mbali zonse za kampaniyo.

mbali malamulo a bungwe ndi:

1. The kumbali ya chirengedwe.
2. mphamvu ya kuchita ntchito, kukhala ndi ufulu wa.

logwirizana

Pansi ayenera kumvetsa kuti dongosolo la ankachita mayunitsi onse amene amapanga dongosolo la kumalo a ntchito, ndi mzake. Pa nthawi yomweyo m'gululi anakhazikitsa subordination bwino unit lolamulira. Internal structural kukhulupirika amalola kampani kuchita osati monga akonzedwa yeniyeni ya zinthu (zovuta), komanso wina.

ufulu kunja

Ndi ufulu wodzilamulira ya gulu makamaka mogwirizana ake ndi zisudzo zina nawo makope boma. Mu nkhani iyi, kudziyimira pawokha kunja kumaonekera osati kugona ndi ma sheya hoda, komanso anthu ena onse.

kudzipatula katundu

chizindikiro zikuloza mwachindunji nkhani mu funso 48 a Civil Code. Ngati muyeso wa gulu la chuma kudzipatula nkhani umwini mtima, kasamalidwe ntchito kapena kasamalidwe zachuma. Ambiri, kampani amachita monga mwini malamulo a chuma chake. Eni chuma Mwachitsanzo, mabungwe malonda (mabungwe, ndi zina zotero.), Cooperatives (ogula ndi mtundu mafakitale), mphatso zachifundo, zipembedzo ndi zina zotero.

Boma akumeneko boma, mabungwe ndi makampani boma chuma ndi kunditumiza ku kasamalidwe ntchito. mabungwe Unitary kugwira kasamalidwe zachuma. Mukamakambirana nkhani ya chuma, tisaiwale mgwirizano zachuma chofuna kuchita chilli lamulo lililonse. Kwenikweni ake ndi kuti chuma chogwirika wokwatibwa ndi kampani wonse osati mayunitsi payekha malonda. Ntchito mfundo zovuta zakuthupi anasonyeza pamaso pa Ziwerengero za anthu kapena kudzilemekeza moyenera.

umodzi chotsogolera

Iwo anafotokoza pamaso pa apamwamba bungwe lolamulira. Kunena mwachidule, bungwe lalamulo la mphamvu wapawiri sangakhale. Monga ulamuliro, ntchito kumalo a ntchito anakonza dongosolo yeniyeni limba. Kungakhale Mwachitsanzo, CEO, gulu la oyang'anira, msonkhano onse. Aliyense dongosolo amakhala osiyanasiyana mphamvu. Kawirikawiri lonse zokwanira. Komabe, wapamwamba bungwe lolamulira Mulimonsemo padzakhala mmodzi.

umodzi zinchito

Tisonyeza zimenezo mwa chakuti zinthu zonse za kampani (a Chigawo) amadziwa ntchito yapadera. Features Zamkatimu umamumvera maphunziro ndi ntchito kumalo a ntchito. Yunifolomu ntchito lathu zipangitsa kukwaniritsa zolinga. Nchito ndi zolinga komanso mfundo zina za bungwe lalamulo zinafotokozedwa zikalata woyamba.

The kumbali ya chirengedwe

Choyamba ntchito zonse cheni cha ogwira ntchito sayenera mosemphana ndi chilamulo applicable. chikhalidwe china kiyi kwa kumbali ya amachita mogwirizana ndi dongosolo anakhazikitsa kulenga gulu. Art. 48 la Civil Code amafuna Ndime ya boma kulembetsa wochita ntchito. Malamulo ake kukhazikitsa zimatsatira lamulo zogwirizana feduro. Pamene boma zokhudza bungwe lalamulo tidzakwatulidwa adalowa m'kaundula. Iye ali yemweyo kwa mabungwe onse kuti muli otseguka mu dziko. Ngati kapangidwe ka kampani pakhala ena kusintha kwakukulu, nkhaniyi apitambo mu Wonse. Mwachitsanzo, lamulo limeneli likugwiranso ntchito kwa mtundu wina uliwonse wa ziŵalo, bankirapuse, kutsegula kwa ofesi nthumwi kapena nthambi.

umunthu

Mu Art. 48 la Civil Code, monga chizindikiro china cha mabungwe ndi kuthekera kuyendetsa ufulu kukhazikitsa iwo. Mu mapangidwe kampani adzapeza zosiyanasiyana zina mwa ufulu. Waukulu imalimbikitsa mwayi wofalitsa mu dzina lawo timakhala boma. bungwe mwina katundu wawo, kutaya iwo, amachita pafupi, ndi zina zotero. Pamodzi ndi ufulu wa kampani ndi amapeza maudindo ena. Mu Art. 48 la Civil Code limanena kuti bungwe uonekere ku khoti wozengedwa a. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kampani adzakhala wopalamula kwa kudzipereka kwake. Angongole mwina kugonjera zonena zawo kuti mu chimango cha mapangano alipo ndi wosathandiza. Pa nthawi yomweyo kampani akhoza akambirane. Izi zikutanthauza kuti gulu ali ndi ufulu kuti amadandaula kuti anzawo ndipo amafuna kuti kukwaniritsidwa kwa maudindo, komanso chipukutamisozi kumawononga.

mokoma udindo

The adayambitsa munthu malamulo kapena mwini chuma si woyenera pa kuchita, zimene analanda gulu. Choncho, kampani si woyenera kuti mangawa a gulu kapena mwiniwake wa chuma. Pakuti Zikatero Komabe, chitsanzo chapadera. Iwo akhoza operekedwa ndi lamulo kapena zikalata constituent wa kampani.

ufulu wa gulu

mipata malamulo oyambitsa zingasiyane akukhudza. Gulu makampani chuma (zibwenzi ndi zina zotero.), Ndipo mamembala a ogula cooperatives lamulo la udindo poyerekezera ndi katundu wa mabungwe awa. The adayambitsa oyang'anira tauni mabizinezi / boma akumeneko ndi poyerekezera ndi chuma chogwirika a mabungwe alamulo ufulu chuma. Pamene otengako mbali mu chochitika ichi ndi Utumiki wa silikhali, zigawo za dziko ndi Russia. Umwini katundu nazonso m'manja mwa anayambitsa mabungwe.

kuchotserapo

Tikumbukenso kuti lamulo amakhazikitsa osiyanasiyana mokwanira lonse mabungwe, imene ophunzira mulibe udindo kapena katundu ufulu rem. Mabungwe a mtundu uwu, makamaka, pazikhalanso achipembedzo ndi anthu ocheza nawo, mabungwe ndi mayanjano malonda, lachifundo ndi ndalama zina. Mwachitsanzo, malinga Art. 28, Para. 2 Chilamulo Federal №95 "Pa zipani", monga eni chuma cha mabungwe awa, kuphatikizapo maudindo awo dera akutumikira gulu lonse. mamembala ake alibe ufulu mfundo zakuthupi.

Pomaliza

Malamulo bwino ndithu n'kukulemberani zinthu zofunika zokhudza mabungwe alamulo. chidwi linaperekedwa kwa malamulo a ufulu wa umwini ndi udindo ngongole. Pa nthawi yomweyo kuonetsetsa ntchito wabwinobwino wa gulu la zinthu zina ayenera kukwaniritsa. Makamaka zokhudza njira kukhazikitsidwa kwa mabungwe alamulo, kulembetsa kwa woyamba zikalata. mfundo yofunika kwambiri yokhudza bungwe ali hayala ake. chikalata ichi limafotokoza kulongosola ndondomeko, zolinga, ntchito ogwira ntchito, maudindo komanso ufulu wa oyambitsa ndi kampani lonse wonse. kusintha opangidwa kwa hayala ayenera akalembetse m'kaundula. Mu njira yachibadwa ya malonda, kampani sangathe kuchita kokha ntchito anthu zogwirizana ndi zolinga ananena. Nthawi zina, kukhazikitsa ntchito zina amafuna chilolezo. Ndondomeko kupeza izo anakhazikitsa zogwirizana zolimbana kuchita. Mu kukhazikitsa ntchito chiphatso popanda chilolezo kampani adzakhala wopalamula pansi pa lamulo.