Ndakatulo Alexander Kushner

Zomwe zakhala zikuchitika kwa zaka zopitirira makumi asanu imodzi mwa mfundo zofunika kwambiri ndakatulo Russian akuti ndi Alexander Kushner. Kodi akugwirizira chidwi owerenga kwa wolemba umenewu nthawi yaitali? Tiyeni tiyese kumvetsetsa zimenezi.

mfundo mbiri

Dzina lake Aleksandr Semonovich Kushner anabadwa mu 1936 ku St. Petersburg. Ngati ife monga axiom ndi mawu akuti malo a kubadwa ndi dziko laling'ono ofunika mapeto a munthu, ndiye maneno awa ali kwambiri zoonekeratu. Anakulira m'banja laluntha mu Leningrad, amene anakonzeratu kusankha zina mwa njira zambiri.

maphunziro Philological pa Pedagogical Institute dzina la Herzen , ndi ntchito zina pa ntchito mphunzitsi mwachindunji yoyamba kufika kwa mabuku wonse. Ziyenera adzanyamula kukumbukira kuti Alexander Kushner, wolemba ndakatulo, inayamba kale kuti. Mnyamata analemba ndakatulo mwamsanga pulayimale. Inali njira kwa iye kuti afotokoze maganizo ake ndi maganizo ake.

"Times musati kusankha"

Ku masitepe oyamba mu mabuku dzina lake Aleksandr Kushner ananena wokha ngati katswiri amphamvu ndi kuzindikira wake ndipo aliyense ngati liwu. ndakatulo wake poyamba kutali zenizeni nthawi ndi tsiku la moyo Soviet. No "Kuzindikira zokomera," iyo siingakhoze wapezeka. Choncho, nthawi zonse kulipira mzere wanu penapake pamwamba tsiku ndi tsiku, kuganizira ndiponso akuyendayenda zosasinthika chodabwitsa, zithunzi ndi matanthauzo. Ndicho chifukwa chake anatha kunena mabuku Russian.

Ena mwa mizere akhala tingachipeze powerenga buku. N'zovuta lero kupeza munthu amene sanadziŵe kuti "The Times sanasankhe, moyo ndi kufa mwa iwo." Mwa zina, ambiri a ndakatulo zake zidakhala nyimbo bard ndipo zikumveka bwino kwambiri ndi gitala. Izi ngakhale kuti Alexander Kushner, omwe zithunzi kukometsera kusonkhanitsa miyambo bardic ndakatulo, malemba wapadera kuchitila amapilira nthawi analemba. Monga Komabe, sankatiletsa ntchito ya ndakatulo awo limodzi ndi nyimbo. Lang'anani, nyimbo wolemba anakhala mbali ina mwadzidzidzi ntchito yake.

St. Petersburg mu ndakatulo iyi

Mu Russian ndakatulo ngakhale ndi golide kwa zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi bwino mumaganiza ziwiri zazikulu agona. tentatively kwambiri amatchedwa awo "sukulu ya St. Petersburg ndi Moscow." Mmodzi wa iwo amakhala ndi kupingasa, mosasamala ndi zithunzi kwakukulu, ndi kwa wina - kalembedwe austerity ndi silinasinthidwe mfundo zachikhalidwe cha mogwirizana ndi zikuchokera. Alexander Kushner - ndakatulo Petersburg mwambo. Ndiponso, iye ndi mmodzi mwa chidwi kwambiri oimira ake a nthawi ya Soviet ndipo pambuyo Soviet wa mbiri.

Ngakhale kuti mavuto enieni likulu kumpoto si kawirikawiri inadutsa mu ndakatulo wake, Alexander Kushner popanda Petersburg representable. mzinda kwenikweni kusungunuka mu chifanizo Chake ndi zonse analankhula ndakatulo analipo m'mbuyomo lalikulu - Block, Ann, Gumilev, Akhmatova ndi Mandelstam. Ku St. Petersburg ndakatulo ya Aleksandra Kushnera ili yogwirizana architectonic Russian classicism. Zinakhalapo ndipo akufotokozera mu mzimu womwewo ndi malo mzinda.

Alexander Kushner ndi Iosif Brodsky

Awiri otchuka m'nthawi anabadwa ndi unachitika monga ndakatulo pa za Neva Mtsinje pa nthawi yomweyo. Kwa nthawi yaitali iwo anali ogwirizana komanso ubwenzi ndi mpikisano kulenga. Pankhaniyi, ubale alakatuli ziwiri si nthawizonse zakhala yosalala ndi mtendere. Kumene, aliyense anadzimva mu zina, zokhala ndi kukula munthu. Ubwenzi andakatulo anapitiriza pambuyo emigration amakakamizidwa Brodsky. Kukambiranako awo konse linasokonekera, kugwedera kwa mtundu epistolary.

Tsogolo Nobel wodzipereka kwa bwenzi lake ndakatulo awiri, ndi Kushner - mkombero ndakatulo. Imfa yadzidzidzi ya Iosifa Brodskogo mu January 1996 anakhala mantha wolemetsa Aleksandra Kushnera. Chaka pamaso Brodsky anatsogolera ndakatulo madzulo mnzanga ku New York. Msonkhano ndi owerenga anali ndi luso ndipo anasiya akukumbukira bwino kwa onse kuti aipereke.

Ana ndakatulo Aleksandra Kushnera

Ndithu tcheru pa ntchito yake dzina lake Aleksandr Kushner amalipira ndakatulo ana. ndakatulo ana ake osati ambiri lofalitsidwa ndi kuwerenga, komanso kupezeka mu mawonekedwe a nyimbo mu zisudzo ndi zojambula. Wolemba ndakatulo saganizira omvera ana aang'ono. Komanso, amakhulupirira kuti munthu sangathe kupanga munthu wangwiro kulankhulana zonse ndi zitsanzo mkulu mabuku. Ndi ana munthu makamaka tcheru zonse amaona ndi kumva. Zonsezi ali ndi kufunika zikuluzikulu mapangidwe ndi abwino, ndi tsogolo. Ndipo udindo uwu resonates ndi magulu aang'ono. Anthu amene anabadwa mu lachitatu Zakachikwi, kukumana m'mavesi wolemba ndakatulo Mu zaka zapitazo, chinachake pafupi yekha. Alexander Kushner kwa iwo si mlendo.