Ndakatulo Eduard Bagritsky: yonena, zilandiridwenso, chithunzi

Edward Bagritsky (dzina lake lenileni Dzyuban (Dzyubin)) - Russian ndakatulo, Wolemba wina komanso womasulira. Iye anabadwa mu Odessa. banja lake anali Myuda, bourgeois. Iwo anali ndi miyambo cholimba. Edward Bagritsky, zithunzi zomwe mupeze nkhani imeneyi, anaphunzira zaka 1905-10 mu Odessa College of St. Paul. Kenako anapitiriza maphunziro ake mu 1910-12 mu pa msewu Kherson (Odessa) Real School. Zhukovsky. Monga mlengi Edward nawo buku la magazini pansi udindo "Masiku a Moyo Wathu." Kenako mu zaka 1913-15, wolemba ndakatulo m'tsogolo m'dziko woyeza sukulu, koma sanayambe ntchito mu ntchito.

Kuyamba mabuku

Edward Bagritsky ndakatulo nayamba kulalikira mu 1915. Ndipo osati pansi pa dzina lake. Nthawi yomweyo anatenga pseudonym Bagritsky. Komanso ankadziwikanso pansi pa amati ndi mkazi, kusainira ntchito zake "Nina Voskresenskaya." ntchito zake zinali inafalitsidwa koyamba mu anthologies Odessa zolembalemba. Edward posachedwa anakhala mmodzi wa kanjedza olemekezeka pakati olemba ana a Odessa, amene kenako anakhala olemba kwambiri (Yuri Olesha, Valentin Kataev, Ilya Ilf, Semyon Kirsanov, Lev Slavin, Vera Inber).

Kulowa mu Red Army, ntchito ku Odessa

Pa Civil Nkhondo (mu 1918), anadzipereka kwa Red Army. Edward wagwira ntchito mu olimbanawo wapadera iwo. Komiti Executive Central, mu dipatimenti ndale. Iye analenga ndakatulo mabodza. Nkhondo itatha, Edward ntchito ku Odessa. Apa anayamba ntchito wojambula ndi ndakatulo mu YugROSTA pamodzi ndi V. Narbut, Olesha, V. Kataev, SA Bondarinym. Edward Bagritsky asindikizidwe m'nyuzipepala zosiyanasiyana Odessa, ndi azithunzithunzi magazini. Iye ankadziwika ndi pseudonyms "ntchito kudzera Hillbillies," "Nina Voskresenskaya" ndi "Winawake John".

Kusamukira ku Moscow, maonekedwe a mabuku oyamba a ndakatulo

Bagritsky mu 1925, anafika ku Moscow. Iye anadzakhala membala wa "Pass", wotchuka zolembalemba gulu. Patapita chaka chimodzi, Edward anaganiza kuti agwirizane ndi Constructivists.

deta yake yoyamba ya ndakatulo anabadwa mu 1928 ( "kum'mwera"). "South West" linasindikizidwa mu 1928. Ambiri mwa ndakatulo mu chopereka zinalembedwa ndi lofalitsidwa kwa nthawi yoyamba mu Odessa: "autumn," "vembe", "Mpaka Eulenspiegel". Buku Izi zikuphatikizapo wotchuka ndakatulo Bagritsky "kuganizira Opanas" chake ndi ndakatulo wotchuka, "ozembetsa". Zosonkhanitsira lotsatira, "opindula" linasindikizidwa mu 1932. Pa nthawi yomweyo lasindikizidwa ndi buku la "The Night Last". Wolemba ndakatulo anabwera mu 1930 RAPP. Iye ankakhala mu Moscow, ku "Nyumba ya wolemba co-uthenga ulalikidwa" pa Kamergersky Pereulok 2.

"Lingalirani mantha"

Mu ndakatulo yake "Duma ovomereza Opanas 'akusonyeza atasemphana zomvetsa chisoni Opanas, dziko mnyamata Ukraine, kulota moyo chete dziko kwawo; ndipo Iosifa Kogana, ndi High Commissioner achiyuda, amene analimbikitsa anthu "apamwamba" choonadi ndi phindu la ulimi dziko. Tikumbukenso kuti, pambuyo pa imfa ya Edward, mu nthawi ya "kukamenyana cosmopolitanism", ndakatulo iyi anatchedwa "Zionist ntchito" nkhani July 30, 1949, lofalitsidwa mu "nyuzipepala zolembalemba". "Lingalirani za Opanas" amanenedwa ngati miseche ndi anthu Chiyukireniya.

makhalidwe a ndakatulo iyi

Edward Bagritsky anali erudite kwambiri. Izi zinali ngakhale lodziwika bwino. Phenomenal kukumbukira kotero kusunga kuchuluka kwa mizere ya ndakatulo. Iwo sakudziwa malire a nzeru zake, ndi mtima analimbikitsa mu 20-30s osati ndakatulo. Bagritsky anati oyamba wamng'ono talente Oshanina L., J. Smelyakov, DM. Kedrina, A. Twardowski. Choncho akuyamba kwenikweni akuphulikira kuti kumvera ndi kuunikira ntchito zawo.

Bagritsky womasulira

Edward Bagritsky sanali kokha ndakatulo kwambiri. Iwo angatchedwe ndiponso anamasulirapo wanzeru wa Valtera Skotta ndi Thomas nyumba, Nazim Hikmet, ndi Dzho Hilla, Vladimir Sosyury ndi Mykola Bazhana, Robert Burns.

Akamagwiritsa ntchito kuchita ndi chikominisi

Bagritsky - mbuye, amene anali wanzeru sensitiveness osowa. Iye analandira zisinthe. Achikondi ndakatulo Bagritsky anaimba yomanga chikominisi. Edward pamene momvetsa amayesa kupereka zifukwa m'maso mwake nkhanza za mfundo chosintha ndi Ulamuliro parishi. Mu 1929, iye analemba ndakatulo "ma TV". Ndi mtengo wogwira ndipo odwala wolemba anali mochedwa Felix Dzerzhinsky, za zaka kubwera anaona kuti ngati iye akanati, "Bodza", ayenera kutero. Ndipo ngati ukauzidwa kupha, ndiye m'pofunika kukwaniritsa.

Zaka zomalizira za moyo wake, Bagritsky maliro

Mu Bagritsky kuyambira chiyambi cha 1930 kukula mphumu. Matendawa sadalole kuyambira ali mwana. Mu 1934, February 16, anafa mu Moscow kwa nthawi chachinayi kudwala chibayo. ndakatulo iyi anaikidwa Novodevichy manda. A squadron asilikali wamng'ono anatsatira bokosi wake ndi lupanga lake unsheathed.

Ndakatulo "February"

Ndakatulo "February" imene inafalitsidwa atamwalira Eduarda Bagritskogo, komabe amachititsa mkangano waukulu. Tinganene, chibvomerezo cha mnyamata wachiyuda, amene anali gawo la zisinthe. Publicists anatsekula odana ndi Ayuda mobwerezabwereza olembedwa kuti ngwazi ya ndakatuloyi, kugwirira hule, amene ankakonda ya sekondale, nkhope yake amachita chiwawa lonse la Russia, motero kubwezera manyazi awo "makolo pokhala." Komabe, kawirikawiri lotengeka buku la ndakatuloyi - pafupifupi gawo lachitatu la iwo. Ntchito imeneyi - Myuda, mwana wa sukulu amene anadzakhala munthu, atadutsa yoyamba yapadziko lonse ndipo zisinthe. Banda, anagwira mbali yaikulu, komanso tichipeza magawo osachepera awiri a Ayuda. Izi zikuonekera bwino ndi mayina a anthu ake - Petka akuvutika, Semka Rabinovich ndi Monya Brilliantschik.

Tsoka la mkazi wake ndi mwana Eduarda Bagritskogo

Mu 1920 anakwatira Edward Bagritsky. moyo ndi zokhazo ukwati. Lydia Gustavovna Suok Eduard moyo mpaka imfa yake. Mkazi wamasiye wa ndakatulo iyi anazunzidwa mu 1937. M'ndende, iye anabwerera yekha mu 1956. Vsevolod, mwana wa Edward, anamwalira mu 1942 pa kutsogolo.

Amenewa ndizosowa ndakatulo iyi chidwi Edward Bagritsky. Wambiri mwachidule m'nkhani ino chimangooneka chithunzithunzi cha izo. Uzani onse a ndakatulo wake, amene Mpofunika kuti kuimbira.