Aone kuti pali oscillations amgwirizano ndi tanthauzo lake mu kuphunzira chikhalidwe cha njira oscillatory

Onse harmonics ndi mawu masamu. katundu wawo amadziwika chifukwa cha maikwezhoni trigonometrical, zovuta zomwe anatsimikiza ndi zovuta za ndondomeko oscillatory, katundu dongosolo ndi chilengedwe zimene zidzachitika, i.e., ndi zinthu zina zokhudza ndondomeko oscillation.

Mwachitsanzo, mu zimango za oscillation amgwirizano ndi kayendedwe, amene amakhala ndi:

- khalidwe m'mbali;

- m'goli;

- kusuntha matupi aumunthu, amene amapezeka ndi sine kapena cosine njira yodutsamo ngati ntchito ya nthawi.

Kuchokera pa katundu awa, angachititse amgwirizano oscillations aone kuti pali lomwe lili mawonekedwe:

× = A Ko ωt kapena mtundu × = A ωt tchimo, kumene × - mwandondomeko mtengo A - kufunika matalikidwe a oscillation, ω - koyefishienti.

Zoterezi aone kuti pali oscillations amgwirizano n'kofunika kuti oscillations onse amgwirizano, zomwe zafotokozedwa kinematics ndi zimango.

Chizindikiro ωt, imene chilinganizo uyu wayima chizindikiro cha ntchito trigonometric, wotchedwa gawo ndi limamutchula malo a zokhala misa mfundo panthaŵi yotchulidwa pa matalikidwe anapatsidwa. Tikaonetsetsa kusinthasintha ozungulira chigawo yogwira ndi 2n, izo zikusonyeza chiwerengero cha Phokoso makina mwa kayendedwe ka nthawi ndipo amaimira yakumadzulo. Pankhaniyi, anthu aone kuti pali oscillations amgwirizano lili ngati kufunika index kwa ozungulira pafupipafupi (zozungulira).

Ife akuganiza aone kuti pali oscillations amgwirizano, monga taonera kale, akhoza kutenga zosiyanasiyana, malingana ndi zifukwa zingapo. Mwachitsanzo, apa pali njira. Kuganizira ndi masiyanidwe aone kuti pali ufulu oscillations amgwirizano, munthu ayenera kuganizira mfundo yakuti onse amakonda attenuation. Losiyanasiyana oscillation, zodabwitsazi kumaonekera m'njira zosiyanasiyana: kusiya thupi zikusuntha, ndi cheza kuchotsa mu kachitidwe magetsi. Chitsanzo yosavuta yofotokoza kuchepetsa angathe oscillatory, kutembenuka kwake mu machitidwe kutentha mphamvu.

aone kuti pali uyu ali mawonekedwe: d²s / dt² + 2β × DS / Deuteronomo + ω²s = 0. Mu dongosolo ili: m - mtengo mosinthasintha mtengo umene wafala katundu wa dongosolo makamaka, β - zonse kuwonetsa damping koyefishienti, ω - ozungulira pafupipafupi.

Ntchito ya chilinganizo izi zimathandiza malowedwe athu kwa kufotokoza njira oscillatory mu kachitidwe liniya ku lingaliro limodzi, ndiponso kupanga mapulani komanso kayeseleledwe njira oscillatory pa mlingo sayansi experimental.

Mwachitsanzo, amadziwika kuti oscillations damped pa chomaliza mawonetseredwe ake apitirira Kukhala amgwirizano, mwachitsanzo gulu la pafupipafupi ndi nthawi kuti akhale chabe phindu ndipo akunena losadziwika.

The njira yakale akuphunzira Phokoso amgwirizano amachita amgwirizano oscillator. Mu mawonekedwe losavuta ndi dongosolo lomwe limafotokoza masiyanidwe aone kuti pali oscillations amgwirizano: DS / Deuteronomo + ω²s = 0. Koma zobwezedwa njira oscillatory amatsogolera mwachibadwa chakuti pali zambiri oscillators. Apa iwo ali mitundu ikuluikulu:

- kasupe oscillator - yachibadwa katundu ndi wina misa m, lomwe lili pa kasupe zotanuka. Iwo oscillates mtundu amgwirizano, zimene ndi chilinganizo F = - Kx.

- oscillator thupi (pendulum) - olimba, oscillates kuzungulira olamulira malo amodzi mchikakamizo cha mphamvu inayake;

- masamu pendulum (mu chikhalidwe pafupifupi zimachokeradi). Ndi abwino chitsanzo dongosolo ongokhala wa zokhala thupi ndi misa, amene lili pa osasinthika ulusi ndiwachabe.