Liniya mgwirizano

kusanthula mgwirizano akhoza kuwonjezeredwa njira zowerengera kuphunzira ubale zosintha yeniyeni (yozungulira palokha). Mu nkhani iyi, zosintha palokha amatchedwa "covariates" mukudalira - "criterial". Pochititsa liniya mgwirizano kusanthula yozungulira variable chifaniziro zimatengera mtundu wa imeneyi lonse. Pali mwina pamaso pa ubale sanali liniya pakati zosintha zokhudzana ndi imeneyi lonse, koma vuto ili kale anathana ndi njira ya mgwirizano sanali liniya, amene si nkhani imeneyi.

Liniya mgwirizano anagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri bwinobwino monga masamu, ndi maphunziro a zachuma zochokera deta zowerengera.

Kotero izi ndi mgwirizano kwambiri. Ku maganizo a njira masamu kudziŵa ubale liniya pakati ena zosintha liniya mgwirizano akhoza ankayimiridwa ngati chilinganizo ndi: Y = munthu + bx. Kuti mumve chilinganizo izi zikhoza kupezeka mu buku lililonse pa econometrics.

Pamene kuwonjezera chiwerengero chidwi (mpaka N-TH kangapo) analandira ndi mgwirizano yosavuta liniya, kudzera mwa chilinganizo ndi:

yi = A + bxi + EI,

kumene EI - ufulu identically anagawira, zosintha mwachisawawa.

M'nkhani ino Ndikufuna kumvetsera kwambiri lingaliro ili ndi kuona kwa yotani mtengo m'tsogolo chifukwa deta m'mbuyomu. M'dera lino, ife amati ndi mgwirizano liniya amagwira ntchito wamng'ono mabwalo njira, amene amathandiza kuti amange "ambiri abwino" mzere molunjika kudzera ku nambala inayake ya makhalidwe mfundo mtengo. deta athandizira ntchito ndi mfundo mtengo, kutanthauza mkulu, otsika, kutsekera kapena kutsegula, ndi chiyerekezo cha mfundo izi (mwachitsanzo, Uwerenge pazipita ndi osachepera kugawidwa ndi ziwiri). Komanso, deta izi kumanga mzere abwino akhoza amangosankha ankawachotsera.

Monga tanena liniya mgwirizano kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi akatswiri kudziwa khalidwe lomwe pamaziko a mtengo ndi nthawi. Pankhaniyi, otsetsereka a mgwirizano chizindikiro adzaona kuopsa kwa kusintha mtengo pa unit wa nthawi. Chimodzi mwa zinthu chisankho cholondola ntchito chizindikiro ichi ndi ntchito jenereta chizindikiro, kutsatira makhalidwe a ndingaliro mgwirizano. Ngati otsetsereka zabwino (mkuuka liniya mgwirizano) kugula imagwiridwa ngati mtengo chizindikiro amkulira ziro. Pa otsetsereka zoipa (kucheperachepera mgwirizano) zogulitsa ayenera kukhala pa mfundo zoipa chizindikiro (osakwana ziro).

Monga ntchito kudziwa mzere bwino lolingana nambala inayake mfundo mtengo, njira zosachepera-mabwalo akusonyeza kuti aligorivimu zotsatirazi:

- ndi mawu onse a kusiyana kwa mabwalo a mitengo ndi mzere mgwirizano;

- ndi chiŵerengero cha ndalama ili ndi chiwerengero cha mipiringidzo mu osiyanasiyana mndandanda mgwirizano deta;

- pa chifukwa yopangidwa muzu lalikulu, womwe ndi kupatuka muyezo.

Zambiri liniya mgwirizano aone kuti pali lili lachitsanzo:

Y (x) = f (x) ^,

kumene - mbali zipatso anapereka variable yozungulira;

× - ofotokozera kapena palokha variable;

^ Limasonyeza palibe okhwima ubwenzi zinchito pakati pa zosintha × ndi Y. Choncho, pa nkhani iliyonse Makamaka, Y variable mwina zigwirizana ndi mawu akuti:

Y = yx + ε,

kumene - deta enieni chifukwa;

u - ongolankhula deta chifukwa anatsimikiza ndi kuthetsa wa mgwirizano aone kuti pali ;

ε - mwachisawawa variable amene amadziwika ndi kupatuka pa mtengo leni ndi ongolankhula.