Kusintha mu mphamvu zosagwiritsika ntchito

Mphamvu zosagwiritsika ntchito ndi mfundo kunachitika mu yopezeka m'zinthu zachilengedwe. Ntchito mtengo uwu anatsimikiza ndi muyeso mphamvu kupezeka. dongosolo lililonse akukumana atasemphana kuti amapezeka pakati pa kutentha ndi mphamvu kumunda. Kuwonjezeka kutentha kumabweretsa ndichepe mu mlingo wa inalamula. Kudziwa muyeso wa chisokonezo ndipo anayambitsa kuchuluka otchedwa mphamvu zosagwiritsika ntchito. N'zimenenso nzeru utuluke mphamvu zonse mu kachitidwe chatsekedwa ndi lotseguka.

Kusintha mphamvu zosagwiritsika ntchito mu madera akutali akupezeka malangizo cha kuchuluka pamodzi ndi kukula kwa kutentha. Azipeza phindu lake, izi muyeso wa chisokonezo ikufika boma yodziwika ndi mgwirizano thermodynamic, ndilo wachisokonezo kwambiri.

Ngati njira ndi wotseguka ndipo nthawi yomweyo osakhala mgwirizano, kusintha mphamvu zosagwiritsika ntchito ndi downside lapansi. Ukulu wa muyeso izi chimake imeneyi amakhala ndi zonena za. Kuti mupeze chimangirizo za mfundo ziwiri;
- mphamvu zosagwiritsika ntchito kamwazi zikuchitika chifukwa kuwombola kutentha ndi zinthu ku malo akunja;
- kuchuluka kwa kusintha chizindikiro wachisokonezo kuyenda mwa dongosolo.

Kusintha mphamvu zosagwiritsika ntchito amapezeka mu malo aliwonse kumene otaya kwachilengedwenso, mankhwala ndi thupi ndondomeko. zodabwitsazi kuzindikira pa liwiro zina. Kusintha mphamvu zosagwiritsika ntchito kungakhale mtengo zabwino - Pankhaniyi pali inflow wa chizindikiro dongosolo ku malo akunja. Pangakhale milandu pamene mtengo kusonyeza kusintha mu mphamvu zosagwiritsika ntchito limanenedwa ndi "opanda". Khalidwe limeneli n'zosangalatsa kumva limasonyeza outflow wa mphamvu zosagwiritsika ntchito. Kachitidwe kungakhale mu khazikika. Mu nkhani yoteroyo kuchuluka opangidwa imalipidwa ndi outflow wa mphamvu zosagwiritsika ntchito index. Chitsanzo cha zinthu izi zili ndi zamoyo. Ndi akamakonda, koma pa nthawi yomweyo mpaka kalekale. Aliyense chamoyo agwedeza mphamvu zosagwiritsika ntchito ndi mtengo zoipa zachilengedwe. masitepe kudzipatula matenda yace Mwinanso upambana phindu analandira.

kupanga mphamvu zosagwiritsika ntchito amapezeka mu kachitidwe aliwonse. Pa kusanduka, mfundo umasinthanitsidwa pakati pawo. Mwachitsanzo, pamene madzi ukuphwera, anataya zambiri pa makonzedwe okhudza malo a mamolekyulu ake. Pali ndondomeko za kuwonjezeka mphamvu zosagwiritsika ntchito. Ngati madzi ali zii malo njakata amachepetsa maselo. Mu nkhani iyi, mphamvu zosagwiritsika ntchito amachepetsa. Wozizilitsa wa madzi zimayambitsa kuchepa kwa mphamvu yake mkati. Komabe, pamene kutentha ukufika mtengo ena, ngakhale kuchotsa kutentha kwa kutentha madzi zakuthupi akhala sichinasinthe. Izi zikutanthauza kuti kusintha wayamba kuwumitsa. Kusintha mphamvu zosagwiritsika ntchito mu ndondomeko isothermal wa mtundu uwu limodzi ndi kuchepa randomness miyeso index dongosolo.

A njira yothandiza kuti kuyeza kutentha ndi kutentha maphatikizidwe ndi zinthu, wagwira ntchito chifukwa cha zimene - yomanga solidification chithunzi. M'mawu ena, zochokera deta analandira kwa maphunziro akhoza kujambula limaoneka lokongola lomwe limasonyeza kudalira kutentha cha chuma pa nthawi. zinthu kunja ayenera kukhala yemweyo. Kudziwa kusintha mu mphamvu zosagwiritsika ntchito n'zotheka ndi deta processing zotsatira likutipatsa zimenezo. Pa zokhotakhota nthaŵi zonse chigawo chimene yopingasa mzere imeneyi. Kutentha lolingana gawo ili, ndi kutentha kwa solidification.

Kusintha chinthu chilichonse limodzi ndi kusintha kwa olimba kuti madzi pa kutentha kwa zachilengedwe, wofanana limatsogolera kutentha, ndi mosemphanitsa, monga kusintha gawo la mtundu woyamba. Kumasintha osalimba a dongosolo chake mphamvu mkati ndi mphamvu zosagwiritsika ntchito.