Allusions. Kodi mawu amenewa? Zitsanzo mu amanena mabuku

Polenga ntchito zapamwamba Russian ndi Western ntchito zida osiyana ndi luso. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma lomaliza mabuku dziko anayamba kuoneka chizolowezi ophiphiritsa, nthano chabe. ziwalo simuli pano okha prose chi, komanso phunziro la pafupi mabuku lero. Art kanjedza, amene ofufuza anachita chidwi kwambiri mu XX atumwi, anakhala allusions. Ndi chiyani icho? Kodi iwo kuti? Ndipo kodi mtundu mwina amanena?

Origin akuti

Posachedwapa, theorists zolembalemba kuti ankayambitsa ndi tanthauzo la amanena. Kodi chodabwitsa kuti anthu ochepa ndinaganiza kale, osati chifukwa mwini akuti luso si ntchito. Zitsanzo allusions zimachitika mwamsanga Middle Ages ndakatulo. Koma mfundo ndi kuti pamaso pa chiyambi cha m'ma otsiriza zolembalemba kutsutsa si mwachangu otukuka.

Mu philology ano, mawu akuti ntchito pofotokoza wina zipangizo stylistic. Tamasulira kuchokera ku Latin zikutanthauza "lingaliro." Amanena - ndi fano luso lomwe wolemba borrows mu nkhani za m'Baibulo, wakale ndi akale nthano kapena mu ntchito za olemba ena. Cholinga cha ngongole ngati - kwa Pali kufanana pakati pa chilengedwe Chake zolembalemba ndi walenga musanagulitse wotchuka ntchito. Choncho, tingathe kunena kuti wolemba akugwiritsa ntchito fano alipo, "mawuwa" kwa nkhope yake ndi ngwazi, nkhani kapena mfundo ya buku, ndi lalifupi nkhani kapena buku.

mitundu allusions

Ndi awa zipangizo stylistic wolemba angatanthauze osati ntchito odziwika bwino zolembalemba, komanso pa zimene zinachitikadi. Zinthu zosiyanasiyana za nkhani za m'Baibulo kapena m'nthano akhoza kuimba allusions udindo. Kodi mtundu wa chodabwitsa luso kuyankha Nkhani limodzi ndi zosatheka. nkhaniyi kuthera ntchito zambiri zolembalemba ofufuza, omwe amapereka tanthauzo lakelake ndi gulu. Kuti kumvetsa zinthu za allusions, ayenera kupereka zitsanzo zochepa m'mabuku ndi m'kagulu malinga ndi chochitika chofunika - ndicho, gwero umene akhoza yobwereka. Choncho, ngati zithunzi luso kungakhale:

• m'nthano;
• Baibulo;
• mbiri;
• mabuku
• ndi akatswiri zokongoletsa.

Allusions ntchito kupanga chiwembu, chithunzi cha ngwazi kapena malingaliro mlembi. Iwo akhoza kukhala mutu mankhwala kapena kutha. Komanso, izi kanjedza stylistic akhoza kutenga malo medial.

"The Circle Choyamba"

Amanena buku Aleksandra Solzhenitsyna ndi mutu mankhwala. Mu "Comedy Divine" Dante Aligeri anapanga dongosolo okhwima kumidima, nagawira mu mabwalo asanu ndi anayi. Tchimo moyo, malinga ndi chiwembu cha ndakatulo ya wolemba Italy, ndi m`modzi wa iwo. Koma aliyense mabwalo limafanana ndi kukula kwa machimo ndi moyo. Choyamba ndi ochimwa ambiri osalakwa amene kupalamula ndi mabvuto: makanda wosabatizidwa, zabwino koma wosabatizidwa anthu. Buku Solzhenitsyn Dante bwalo woyamba walandiridwa monga amanena kuti. Kodi mtundu wa chongoyerekezera olandiridwa ndi zimene ntchito izo anachita, inu mukhoza kumvetsa, kukumbukira mawu a wolemba: "The mtengo kwambiri dziko kuzindikira kuti samenya nawo chilungamo." Russian wolemba ngwazi kulangidwa, kuvutika, ngati anthu a wozungulira woyamba nzeru zapamwamba Italy, ndi wosalakwa akuvutika ndi dongosolo yaikulu zoopsa.

allusions Shakespearean

Zochitika anaitenga ku ntchito za William Shakespeare, ankagwiritsa ntchito mu ntchito za olemba chi, makamaka English. Mmodzi wa allusions awa ali chithunzithunzi cha buku la Black Prince a Ayris Merdok. Chiwembu cha ntchito imeneyi ndi chisanadze mbiri ndi nthano ya Prince la Denmark.

English novelist Dzhon Faulz anayerekezera pakati pa zilembo za buku lake "The Zakeo" ndi zilembo Shakespearean kuchoka ku tsoka lobwera "Namondwe". Monga woyamba ndipo ngati wachiwiri, zilembo zatenga malo medial.

Monga ntchito za mabuku Russian, wowala chitsanzo cha allusions zifanizo za kulengedwa kwa Wolemba wina English ndi nkhani Leskov "Lady Macbeth wa Mtsensk".

allusions zina zaluso

Kusankha allusions gwero zimadalira nthawi imene wolemba moyo, ndi maganizo ake. Mu buku la "The Master ndi Margarita" ali ponseponse zophiphiritsa, akupangira mochenjera zithunzi baibulo ndi nkhani. Bulgakov mankhwala amapanga kwambiri za mafunso ndi zinsinsi. Koma mfundo za mlembi wa mwambo mwa ntchito XX m'zaka Goethe a "Faust" ndi zoonekeratu. Dzina la chikhalidwe chachikulu - za amanena chachikulu. Chikondi ndi zakanthawi chimwemwe mutu anadzipereka Bulgakov storyline chachikulu, amenenso chidwi phunziro la chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa otsutsa mu ndakatulo yake German mafano.

Ndi amatikumbutsa mfundo zambiri ambiri. Ntchito zithunzi osiyana, ndi zinthu za kudziwika luso ntchito chingabwere m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Stylistic chipangizo, nkhani imeneyi, zikutanthauza kuwerenga kwambiri lomveka.

Amanena ndi reminiscence mu tinganene pafupifupi n'chimodzimodzi. zilembo zazikulu ndi nkhani mwina atalenga kale. olemba Contemporary zitha kupendanso iwo ndi kusuntha mu nthawi yathu. Ndipo izo ziyenera kuti izi njira luso ntchito osati mabuku koma mu filimu. Chitsanzo cha mafilimu a kanema Soviet - filimu "Ana a Don Quixote." The protagonist filimu imeneyi kuchita zabwino popanda kuyembekezera mphotho. Iye anapatsidwa ntchito ndi mtima wanga wonse, kunyalanyaza wafunsa. zochita zake zingaoneke openga yosavuta townsfolk. Koma izi follies mfulu. Ndipo izi kufanana mafilimu ndi khalidwe la Cervantes.