Beaufort Scale monga mbali yofunika ya navigation zamakono

zofufuza za asayansi, mosalekeza kusintha kwa zipangizo luso, kukula kwa mphamvu anthu - zonse izi zimabweretsa m'malo akale, musati akwaniritsa zofunikira atsopano zipangizo ndi atsopano. Pa nthawi yomweyo mu mbiri ya chitukuko anthu angathe kupeza zoyambitsidwa ambiri amene ali zosasinthika. Chitsanzo cha zimenezi ndi odziwika Beaufort lonse.

Chilikupita kalekale imodzi mwa ntchito zofunika kwambiri anthu. Zinali chida chachikulu ndi aya, ndi gwero la zinthu zatsopano ndi m'njira zina, injini ya patsogolo. Pa yomweyo, chilikupita ndipo anasangalala zingapo zovuta, imodzi yofunika kwambiri yomwe ndi kulephera molondola kudziwa mphamvu ya mphepo ndi Mwina cha mkuntho. M'mayiko osiyanasiyana pali osiyana kuwunikira dongosolo, nchifukwa chake zambiri kusiyana maganizo. Beaufort Scale anakhala chida chomwe analola vuto. Komabe, zinthu oyamba.

Kumene, wotchuka lonse mphepo mphamvu, analandira dzina la asilikali otchuka ndi hydrographer Beaufort, anaonekera balamanthu. Choncho, m'zaka XVII, vuto la chilengedwe ndi kusintha kwa zipangizo za nyengo nawo mwaluso British kafukufuku Robert Hooke. Iye, makamaka a lingaliro la ungwiro wa barometer ndi chilengedwe cha otchedwa "wotchi nyengo", imene zovuta ntchito deta thermometer, mvula n'zotsimikizira, barometer ndi anemometer. Mwazina, Hooke anatulukira chipangizo kuti angagwiritsidwe ntchito molondola kudziwa mphepo. Ngati inu kuyang'anitsitsa pa izo, tikuona kuti maphunziro wa Beaufort kwakukulukulu chikugwirizana ndi magulu a chipangizo ichi.

Beaufort kuonerera nyengo anayamba kuyambira 1793, ndi kale zaka 13 Patangopita akufuna chitsanzo loyamba lonse, limene akufanana mphamvu ya mphepo sadzabzala zinthu. The lonse woyamba Beaufort m'magulu fortini, koma patapita chaka, wasayansi kuchotsedwa izo ziro ndi kaphatikizidwe makhalidwe yoyamba ndi yachiwiri. zaka 20 pambuyo pake, bulu British anatengera Baibulo ili, omwe ntchito UK lero. M'dziko dongosolo anayamba kunena yokha kuyambira cha m'ma 70 ntchentche za XIX atumwi, pamene analimbikitsa ndi Choyamba nyengo Congress.

Mphepo mphamvu pa Beaufort lonse amayezedwa mfundo ndi aliyense magawano limafanana ndi zizindikiro za zinthu nyanja ndi zofunikira za zida pa bolodi. Kenako, mwambowu anali kulephereka ndi pa dziko, koma apa iwo anapeza makamaka akatswiri.

Beaufort lonse, ndithudi, kakusintha kusintha zinthu zina. Choncho, tsopano lagawidwa madigiri 17, ndipo chiwerengero cha matanga m'sitima pa mphepo imeneyi, sukupita. Pa nthawi yomweyo, akhalabe zimasiyanitsa waukulu Mbali - kudalirana kwa mphepo ndi nyanja zinthu. Ndipo Chofunika mwayi wake kwagona kuti anazindikira ndi anthu onse apanyanja, kotero tsopano iliyonse yapamadzi kumvetsa kuti madokotala ananena zawo, lopatsidwa pa kuchoka kwa chombo kuchokera ku doko.