Mmphepete - kusiyana ... mawu a zachuma. Kodi kuwerengera mmphepete

mawu Economic zambiri osokoneza ndiponso zosokoneza. Chibadidwe kukhala mwachilengedwe, koma kufotokoza mawu ake onse, popanda kukonzekera kulikonse, amene kawirikawiri akutembenukira. Koma izi ulamuliro kuchotserapo zimachitika. Nthawi zina, akuti ali bwino, ndi kuphunzira mozama zimaonekeratu kuti mwamtheradi onse zake zimadziwika yekha ku bwalo yopapatiza akatswiri.

Tamva zonse, koma anthu ochepa mukudziwa

Tengani mawu akuti "zilankhulo" mwachitsanzo. Mawu yosavuta tinganene kuti tsiku ndi tsiku. Nthawi zambiri ndi alipo mawu a anthu kutali ndi chuma kapena katundu malonda.

Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti malire - kusiyana zizindikiro chilichonse chogwirizana. Polankhulana tsiku ndi tsiku mawu ntchito ndi nkhani ya malonda phindu.

anthu ochepa mukudziwa mwamtheradi onse mfundo za mfundo zokwanira kapena yotakata.

Komabe, m'pofunika kumvetsa munthu masiku ano aliyense kuwaona, kotero kuti mphindi zosayembekezeka okha "kuti asataye nkhope."

Mphepete mwa chuma

chiphunzitso Economic limanena kuti malire - kusiyana pakati pa mtengo wa mankhwala ndi mtengo wake. M'mawu ena, izo zimanyezimiritsa mmene mogwira ntchito ya kampani kumathandiza kuti kusintha kwa ndalama ku phindu.

Mmphepete - muyeso wa wachibale, izo chimaonetsera kuchuluka a.

Tiye tione mmene kuwerengera malire:

Mmphepete = Malonda / Revenue * 100.

Ndondomeko ndi wosavuta, koma kuti si kuti osokonezeka pa chiyambi cha phunziro akuti, tiyeni tione chitsanzo yosavuta. kampani umagwira ndi malire a 30%, izi zikutanthauza kuti aliyense anapeza ruble kopecks 30 phindu ukonde, ndi otsala masenti 70 - mtengo.

aakulu mmphepete

Mu kusanthula profitability wa ogwira ntchito chizindikiro zikuluzikulu za ntchito onse ndi lalikulu malire. Chilinganizo kuwerengera amaimira kusiyana anapeza kuchokera malonda mu nthawi ndi ndalama variable kupanga mankhwala awa.

Only mlingo wa m'mphepete aakulu salola kuwerengetsa zonse za chikhalidwe cha ndalama kampani. Komanso, mothandizidwa ndi sangakhoze kwathunthu kusanthula ndi mbali zina za ntchito zake. Ndi mawunikidwe chizindikiro. Iye likuwonetsa momwe bwino kampani wonse. Gross malire analengedwa ndi ntchito antchito ntchito pa ulimi wa katundu kapena makonzedwe a misonkhano.

Ndi ponena chinthu chimodzi kwambiri, umene uli wotsimikiza kuti n'komwe pamene kuwerengetsa chinthu chotero monga "malire akuluakulu" ofunika. Ndondomeko akhoza kuganizira za ndalama zimene umachita malonda mabizinezi. Zikuphatikizapo utalembedwa-kutali nkhani olandila ndi sonyezani amatipasa sanali malonda a misonkhano, ndalama kuchokera khalidwe la zofunikira anthu, ndi zina zotero D..

Pakuti katswiri wa m'pofunika kuwerengera aakulu malire, ngati chizindikiro ichi ndi kwaiye phindu ukonde wa kampani ndi ndalama zina chitukuko.

Mu kusanthula zachuma, pali mfundo ina ofanana mphepete aakulu, umatchedwa "phindu malire" ndipo chimasonyeza kubwerera pa malonda. Ndiko, gawo la phindu mu ndalama okwana.

Banks ndi malire

phindu banki ndi magwero ake atsimikiza angapo zizindikiro. Pakuti kusanthula ntchito mabungwe amenewa analandira kuwerenga ochuluka monga anayi masamba osiyana:

• Mawu malire mwachindunji ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana ngongole wofotokozedwa kukhala kusiyana pakati pa ndalama anati ndi chikalata kwenikweni chikalata pa dzanja.

• Bank malire ndi kuchita masamu kuti kusiyana chiwongola dzanja pa ngongole ndi madipoziti.

• Net chidwi malire ndi chizindikiro kiyi wa dzuwa la ntchito kubanki. Ndondomeko kuwerengera izo zikuwoneka ngati osemphana chiŵerengero ndalama zingati ndipo ndalama wotuluka zonse chuma okwana banki. Net malire ndi kuchita masamu zochokera onse okwana chuma Bank ndi mtsikana yekhayo mu ntchito pa mphindi.

• Chitsimikizo malire - kusiyana pakati pa mtengo kuyamikiridwa a ina ndi kuchuluka anawapatsa wobwereka lapansi.

makhalidwe osiyanasiyana

Kumene, chuma sakonda ambiguity, koma mu nkhani ya kugwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "zilankhulo" chimene chimachitika. Kumene, m'dera la chimodzimodzi boma onse malipoti mawunikidwe kwathunthu mogwirizana ndi mzake. Komabe, kumvetsetsa Russian mawu akuti "zilankhulo" mu malonda ndi wosiyana kwambiri ndi European. malipoti ofufuza wachabechabe, ndi chiŵerengero cha phindu pa kugulitsa katundu ndi kugulitsa mtengo wake. Pankhaniyi malire chimaonetsera kuchuluka a. Gwiritsani mtengo uwu kwa wounikira wachibale wa mphamvu ya ntchito zamalonda ku kampaniyo. Dziwani kuti maganizo Ulaya mawerengedwe a malire ndi kwathunthu mogwirizana ndi chikhazikitso cha chiphunzitso zachuma, omwe unalembedwa.

Mu Russia Komabe, mawu ali anamvetsa phindu ukonde. Ndiko kuti, mawerengedwe a imagwiridwa, chabe m'malo akuti wina ndi mzake. Ambiri a m'dziko mwathu muno malire - kusiyana anapeza kuchokera kugulitsa katundu ndi ndalama pamwamba kupanga ake (kupeza), yobereka, kukhazikitsa. Tisonyeza zimenezo mwa rubles kapena zina yabwino kuwerengetsera ndalama. Mwina zidzawonjezedwa kuti chiŵerengero cha mphepete mwa akatswiri si wosiyana kwambiri kuchokera mfundo za ntchito mawu akuti tsiku ndi tsiku.

Mphepete amasiyana ndi malonda mphepete?

Ponena mawu akuti "zilankhulo", pali zingapo olakwika wamba. Ena a iwo kale anafotokoza, koma ambiri sitinalandire kwambiri.

Nthawi zambiri kusokonezedwa ndi chizindikiro malire malonda mphepete. kusiyana ndi lophweka pakati pawo. Phindu malire ndi wachibale ndalama. Kuti mudziwe mmene kuwerengera malire, takambirana kale pamwambapa.

Chitsanzo fanizo chingatithandize kukayikira akuwuka.

Tiyerekeze kampani anagula katundu $ 100 ndipo anagulitsidwa kwa 150.

Ife kuwerengetsa chizindikiro malonda: (150-100) / 100 = 0.5. The mawerengedwe anasonyeza kuti chilemba mmwamba ndi 50% wa mtengo wa katundu. Pankhani ya kuwerengetsa mphepete kukhala motere: (150-100) / 150 = 0,33. The mawerengedwe anasonyeza malire a 33,3%.

The kusanthula zolondola zizindikiro

Pakuti katswiri akatswiri ndikofunika osati kuti athe kuwerengera index, komanso kupereka kumasulira kwake woyenera. Iyi ndi ntchito zovuta kuti amafuna
zinachitikira kwambiri.

N'chifukwa chiyani zimenezi ndi zofunika?

zizindikiro ndalama m'malo wachibale. Iwo ali ndi njira za kuwunika, kutenga nkhani mfundo, zinthu zimene kampani amachitira malonda, kusintha ndalama kugula mphamvu ndi zina zotero. D. Choncho, chifukwa cha kuwerengetsera sangathe yomweyo kutanthauziridwa monga "oipa" kapena "wabwino." Nthawi zonse muyenera kuchita kusanthula zina.

Mmphepete pa misika katundu

Kusinthana malire ndi chizindikiro omveka bwino. Pa osinthitsa slang akatswiri ndi amalonda sizitanthauza phindu, monga milandu onse tafotokozazi. Mphepete m'misika akhalire kukhala ngati ina kwa wotuluka, ndi utumiki wa ntchito amenewa amatchedwa "malire malonda".

Mmphepete malonda mfundo ili: pamapeto pa iwowo ndi Investor sapereka kobiri yonsene ya mgwirizano mu zonse, imagwilitsila anakongola ndalama wogula anu, koma gawo zochepa debited nkhani yake. Ngati chifukwa cha opareshoni ikuchitika ndi Investor, ndi zoipa, imfa aphimbidwa ndi gawo chitetezo. Mu zinthu zosiyana, phindu tidzakwatulidwa amatamanda gawo lomwelo.

wotuluka malire n'zotheka osati kuti kugula ndi anabwereka ndalama wogula. Mayiwo angathenso kugulitsa masheya yobwereka. Pankhaniyi, muyenera kulipira ngongole ndi pepala chimodzimodzi, koma mogula anapangidwa pang'ono.

Aliyense wogula amapereka ndalama zake ndi ufulu kuchita malonda mphepete paokha. Pa nthawi iliyonse, akhoza kukana kupereka kumutumikira.

Ubwino wa malonda mphepete

Mwa kupezeka ku zoletsedwa ndi owonjezera ndalama adzalandira angapo ubwino:

• Luso malonda pa misika ndalama, popanda chifukwa ndalama mwachilungamo lalikulu. Izi zimapangitsa mphepete malonda kwambiri lipindulitsa ntchito. Komabe, kuchita nawo ntchito, sitiyenera kuiwala kuti mlingo wa chiopsezo si chochepa.

• mpata ndalama zina ndi kuchepa mtengo msika wa magawo (pa nthawi imene kasitomala akugwirizira sheya wogula).

• Kusinthanitsa ndalama osiyana Sikuti mtsukowo ndalama zawo ndalama izi.

kasamalidwe kuopsa

Kuchepetsa malire chiopsezo pa mapeto a wotuluka, ndi wogula anapereka aliyense Investor ake kuchuluka kwa chitetezo ndi mlingo wa malire. Pa mayesero onsewa, mawerengedwe wapangidwa payekha. Mwachitsanzo, ngati pambuyo ndikupeleka limapezeka pa nkhani Investor bwino ndi zoipa, mlingo malire masamu ndi chilinganizo zotsatirazi:

URM = (DC + GI-CA) / (DW + CA), momwe:

DK - Investor ndalama waikamo kwa gawo la;

SA - phindu la magawo ndi sheya zina Investor, ndi wogula monga ina;

ZI - ngongole Investor kwa wogula kwa ngongole ya.

Khalidwe Sledkov zotheka ngati mphepete mlingo wa osachepera 50%, ndipo kupatulapo ngati tasonyeza chinanena mu mgwirizano ndi kasitomala. Tinganene kuti wogula angathe kulowa wotuluka kuti kuchepetsa mphepete mlingo m'munsimu chinachake.

Komanso, zofunika wotuluka malire m'misika katundu anakankhira angapo zinthu lakonzedwa streamline ndi kukutetezani ubale wogula ndi Investor. N'chakuti kukula pazipita imfa, ngongole kukhwima, mawu a kusintha mgwirizano, ndi zambiri.

Kumvetsa zosiyanasiyana akuti "zilankhulo" mu yochepa zovuta. Mwatsoka, nkhani ina sikutheka za m'madera onse a tanthauzo lake. ndi mfundo ya ntchito zake zokha kuperekedwa ku mtsutso wa pamwamba.